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| 1 | Major osteoporotic fragility fractures: Risk factor updates and societal impact显示文摘Osteoporosis is a silent disease without any evidence of disease until a fracture occurs. Approximately 200 million people in the world are affected by osteoporosis and 8.9 million fractures occur each year worldwide. Fractures of the hip are a major public health burden, by means of both social cost and health condition of the elderly because these fractures are one of the main causes of morbidity, impairment, decreased quality of life and mortality in women and men. The aim of this review is to analyze the most important factors related to the enormous impact of osteoporotic fractures on population. Among the most common risk factors, low body mass index; history of fragility fracture, environmental risk, early menopause, smoking, lack of vitamin D, endocrine disorders(for example insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), use of glucocorticoids, excessive alcohol intake, immobility and others represented the main clinical risk factors associated with augmented risk of fragility fracture. The increasing trend of osteoporosis is accompanied by an underutilization of the available preventive strategies and only a small number of patients at high fracture risk are recognized and successively referred for therapy. This report provides analytic evidences to assess the best practices in osteoporosis management and indications for the adoption of a correct healthcare strategy to significantly reduce the osteoporosis burden. Early diagnosis is the key to resize the impact of osteoporosis on healthcare system. In this context, attention must be focused on the identification of high fracture risk among osteoporotic patients. It is necessary to increase national awareness campaigns across countries in order to reduce the osteoporotic fractures incidence. | Paola Pisani Maria Daniela Renna Francesco Conversano Ernesto Casciaro Marco Di Paola Eugenio Quarta Maurizio Muratore Sergio Casciaro | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，3： | 39 |
| 2 | Black soldier fly defatted meal as a dietary protein source for broiler chickens:Effects on growth performance,blood traits,gut morphology and histological features显示文摘Background: The present study has evaluated the effects of different inclusion levels of a partially defatted black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens L.; HI) larva meal on the growth performance, blood parameters and gut morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 256 male broiler chickens(Ross 308) were reared from d 1 to d 35 and assigned to4 dietary treatments(8 replicates/treatment and 8 birds/replicate). HI larva meal was included at increasing levels(0, 5%, 10% and 15%; HI0, HI5, HI10 and HI15, respectively) in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets formulated for 3 feeding phases: starter(1–10 d), growing(10–24 d) and finisher(24–35 d). Two birds per pen were slaughtered at d 35 and morphometric investigations and histopathological alterations were performed.Results: The live weight(LW) showed linear and quadratic responses to increasing HI larva meal(maximum for HI10 group). Average daily gain(ADG) showed a linear and quadratic responses to HI meal(maximum for HI10 group) during starter and growing periods. A linear decrease was observed for ADG during the finisher period. The daily feed intake(DFI) showed a linear and quadratic effect during the starter period(maximum for HI10 group).Linear and quadratic responses were observed for the feed conversion ratio(FCR) in the growing period and for the whole period of the experiment. The FCR showed a linear response in the finisher period(maximum for HI15).No significant effects were observed for the blood and serum parameters, except for the phosphorus concentration,which showed linear and quadratic responses as well as glutathione peroxidase(GPx) activity, the latter of which showed a linear response. The HI15 birds showed a lower villus height, a higher crypt depth and a lower villus height-to-crypt depth ratio than the other groups.Conclusions: Increasing levels of dietary HI meal inclusion in male broiler chickens may improve the LW and DFI during the starter period, but may also negatively affect the FCR and gut morphology, thus suggesting that low levels may be more suitable. However, no significant effects on the haematochemical parameters or histological findings were observed in relation to HI meal utilization. | Sihem Dabbou Francesco Gai Ilaria Biasato Maria Teresa Capucchio Elena Biasibetti Daniela Dezzutto Marco Meneguz Iveta Plachà Laura Gasco Achille Schiavone | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，4： | 34 |
| 3 | Predictive value of Ki67 and p53 in locally advanced rectal cancer:Correlation with thymidylate synthase and histopathological tumor regression after neoadjuvant 5-FU-based chemoradiotherapy显示文摘AIM: To investigate the predictive value of Ki67 and p53 and their correlation with thymidylate synthase (TS) gene expression in a rectal cancer patient cohort treated according to a standardized recommended neoadjuvant treatment regimen.METHODS: Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded pre-therapeutical tumor biopsies (n = 22) and post-therapeutical resection specimens (n = 40) from patients with rectal adenocarcinoma (clinical UICC stage Ⅱ/Ⅲ) receiving standardized neoadjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) based chemoradiotherapy were studied for Ki67 and p53 expression by immunohistochemistry and correlated with TS mRNA expression by quantitative TaqMan real-time PCR after laser microdissection. The results were compared with histopathological tumor regression according to a standardized semiquantitative score grading system.RESULTS: Responders (patients with high tumor regression) showed a significantly lower Ki67 expression than non-responders in the pre-therapeutical tumor biopsies (81.2% vs 16.7%; P < 0.05) as well as in the post-therapeutical resection specimens (75.8% vs 14.3%; P < 0.01). High TS mRNA expression was significantly correlated with a high Ki67 index and low TS mRNA expression was significantly correlated with a low Ki67 index in the pre-therapeutical tumor biopsies (corr. coef. = 0.46; P < 0.01) as well as in the post-therapeutical resection specimens (corr. coef. = 0.40; P < 0.05). No significant association was found between p53 and TS mRNA expression or tumor regression.CONCLUSION: Ki67 has, like TS, predictive value in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant 5-FU based chemoradiotherapy. The close correlation between Ki67 and TS indicates that TS is involved in active cell cycle processes. | Christiane Jakob Torsten Liersch Wolfdietrich Meyer Heinz Becker Gustavo B Baretton Daniela E Aust | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 29 |
| 4 | 三种南方典型水稻土长期试验下有机碳积累机制研究 Ⅲ.两种水稻土颗粒有机质结构特征的变化显示文摘采用固体交叉极化魔角自旋^(13)C核磁共振(CPMAS^(13)C-NMR)波谱技术对长期不同施肥处理下红壤性水稻土和太湖地区黄泥土本体土壤以及水稳性团聚体中颗粒有机质(POM)的化学结构特征进行了研究。结果表明,不同施肥处理下本体土壤和不同粒径水稳性团聚体中POM的结构组成相似,主要由烷氧C、烷基C和芳香C组成,其中以烷氧C含量最高。施肥改变了本体土壤POM中各类C原子的相对百分含量,有机肥以及化肥配施有机肥条件下烷氧C含量明显降低,芳香C和酚基C含量有不同程度的增加,表明POM的稳定性增强;单施化肥下烷氧C含量最高,而烷基C、芳香C和芳香度均最低,POM的稳定性减弱,不利于POM的积累。施肥改变了黄泥土不同粒径水稳性团聚体中POM各类C原子的相对百分含量,从而使得不同粒径中POM对其团聚体的稳定性作用发生变化;而红壤性水稻土不同粒径水稳性团聚体POM各类C原子的相对百分含量并未明显受到施肥措施的影响。 | 周萍 Alessandro Piccolo 潘根兴 Daniela Smejkalova | 2009 | 土壤学报2009，46，3： | 29 |
| 5 | Prognostic significance of tumor immune microenvironment and immunotherapy:Novel insights and future perspectives in gastric cancer显示文摘Despite a decrease in gastric cancer incidence, the development of novel biologic agents and combined therapeutic strategies, the prognosis of gastric cancer remains poor. Recently, the introduction of modern immunotherapy, especially using immune checkpoint inhibitors, led to an improved prognosis in many cancers. The use of immunotherapy was also associated with manageable adverse event profiles and promising results in the treatment of patients with gastric cancer, especially in heavily pretreated patients. These data have led to an accelerated approval of some checkpoint inhibitors in this setting. Understanding the complex relationship between the host immune microenvironment and tumor and the immune escape phenomenon leading to cancer occurrence and progression will subsequently lead to the identification of prognostic immune markers. Furthermore, this understanding will result in the discovery of both new mechanisms for blocking tumor immunosuppressive signals and pathways to stimulate the local immune response by targeting and modulating different subsets of immune cells. Due to the molecular heterogeneity of gastric cancers associated with differentclinico-biologic parameters, immune markers expression and prognosis, novel immunotherapy algorithms should be personalized and addressed to selected subsets of gastric tumors, which have been proven to elicit the best clinical responses. Future perspectives in the treatment of gastric cancer include tailored dual immunotherapies or a combination of immunotherapy with other targeted agents with synergistic antitumor effects. | Daniela Cornelia Lazǎr Mihaela Flavia Avram Ioan Romosan Mǎrioara Cornianu Sorina Tǎan Adrian Goldis | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，32： | 24 |
| 6 | Correlation between expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and the presence of inflammatory cells in human primary hepatocellular carcinoma: Possible role in tumor promotion and angiogenesis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the association of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) expression with angiogenesis and the number and type of inflammatory cells (macrophages/Kupffer cells;mast cells) within primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)tissues and adjacent non-tumorous (MT) tissues.METHODS: Immunohistochemistry for COX-2, CD34,CD68 and mast cell tryptase (MCT) was performed on 14 well-characterized series of liver-cirrhosis-associated HCC patients. COX-2 expression and the number of inflammatory cells in tumor lesions and surrounding liver tissues of each specimen were compared. Moreover,COX-2, CD34 staining and the number of inflammatory cells in areas with different histological degrees within each tumor sample were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS: The percentage of COX-2 positive cells was significantly higher in NT tissues than in tumors. COX-2 expression was higher in well-differentiated HCC than in poorly-differentiated tissues. Few mast cells were observed within the tumor mass, whereas a higher number was observed in the surrounding tissue, especially in peri-portal spaces of NT tissues. Abundant macrophages/Kupffer cells were observed in NT tissues, whereas the number of cells was significantly lower in the tumor mass.However, a higher cell number was observed in the well-differentiated tumor and progressively decreased in relation to the differentiation grade. Within the tumor, a positive correlation was found between COX-2 expression and the number of macrophages/Kupffer cells and mast cells. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between CD34 and COX-2 expression in tumor tissues. Comparison between well- and poorly-differentiated HCC showed that the number of CD34-positive cells decreased with dedifferentiation. However, COX-2 was the only independent variable showing a positive correlation with CD34 in a multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION: The presence of inflammatory cells and COX-2 expression in liver tumor suggests a possible relationship with tumor angiogenesis. COX-2 expressing cells and the number of macrophages/Kupffer cells and mast cells decrease with progression of the disease. | Melchiorre Cervello Daniela Foderà Ada Maria Florena Maurizio Soresi Claudio Tripodo Natale D'Alessandro Giuseppe Montalto | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，30： | 21 |
| 7 | Comparison of the liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography with the liver biopsy显示文摘AIM: To compare the liver stiffness (LS) measurement by transient elastography (TE) to the liver biopsy (LB)-considered the 'gold standard' in the evaluation of patients with chronic hepatitis C. METHODS: During a period of 12 mo, we evaluated 199 consecutive patients with chronic hepatitis due to hepatitis C virus (HCV), in which LB and LS assessments (by means of TE) were performed during the same session. RESULTS: Out of 199 patients, a valid measurement of the LS could not be obtained in 8. The mean value of LS in the cohort of 191 valid measurements was 8.45 ± 4.96 kPa, ranging from 2.3 to 38 kPa. The mean value of LS in patients with signifi cant fi brosis at biopsy (161 patients with F ≥ 2 according to Metavir) was 9.02 ± 5.15 kPa, significantly higher than in patients with no or mild fi brosis (30 patients with F < 2 Metavir): 5.39 ± 1.81 kPa (P < 0.0001). For a cut- off value of 6.8 kPa, the LS had a PPV of 98%, a NPV of 30.1%, a sensitivity of 59.6% and a specificity of 93.3% for the presence of signifi cant fi brosis (at least F2 Metavir), with a diagnostic performance of 77.3% (AUROC 0.773). Using this cut-off value, we reached the best discrimination between absence of fibrosis/ mild fibrosis (F < 2 Metavir) and the presence ofmoderate to severe fi brosis (F ≥ 2 Metavir). CONCLUSION: In patients with chronic hepatitis due to HCV, a cut-off value of 6.8 kPa measured by TE can differentiate between significant fibrosis and absent or mild fi brosis, with a PPV of 98%, a NPV of 30.1%, a sensitivity of 59.6%, a specificity of 93.3%, and a diagnostic performance of 77.3%. | Ioan Sporea Roxana ■irli Alexandra Deleanu Adriana Tudora Manuela Curescu Marioara Cornianu Daniela Lazǎr | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，42： | 20 |
| 8 | Recent advances in the molecular genetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is a complex disease in which both genetic and environmental factors interact in determining impaired β-cell insulin secretion and peripheral insulin resistance. Insulin resistance in muscle, liver and fat is a prominent feature of most patients with T2DM and obesity, resulting in a reduced response of these tissues to insulin. Considerable evidence has been accumulated to indicate that heredity is a major determinant of insulin resistance and T2DM. It is believed that, among individuals destined to develop T2DM, hyperinsulinemia is the mechanism by which the pancreatic β-cell initially compensates for deteriorating peripheral insulin sensitivity, thus ensuring normal glucose tolerance. Most of these people will develop T2DM when β-cells fail to compensate. Despite the progress achieved in this field in recent years, the genetic causes of insulin resistance and T2DM remain elusive.Candidate gene association, linkage and genome-wide association studies have highlighted the role of genetic factors in the development of T2DM. Using these strategies, a large number of variants have been identified in many of these genes, most of which may influence both hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance, adipogenesis and β-cell mass and function. Recently, a new gene has been identified by our research group, the HMGA1 gene, whose loss of function can greatly raise the risk of developing T2DM in humans and mice. Functional genetic variants of the HMGA1 gene have been associated with insulin resistance syndromes among white Europeans, Chinese individuals and Americans of Hispanic ancestry. These findings may represent new ways to improve or even prevent T2DM. | Antonio Brunetti Eusebio Chiefari Daniela Foti | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，2： | 20 |
| 9 | 针刺与艾灸对气虚证心率变异性的不同影响:随机对照研究显示文摘目的:观察针刺与艾灸对气虚证患者症状的改善作用及对心率变异性指标的不同影响。方法:招募30例气虚证患者及15例健康受试者,将30例气虚证患者随机分为针刺组和艾灸组,每组15例;15例健康受试者作为健康对照组。针刺组与健康对照组接受针刺治疗,艾灸组接受艾灸治疗,所取穴位均为关元和足三里,隔日治疗1次,共10次。在患者治疗前、治疗4次及治疗结束后进行气虚证症状量化评分并检测受试者心率变异性。比较气虚证症状量化评分与心率变异性指标的相关性,比较治疗前、治疗4次及治疗结束后3组受试者心率变异性指标的变化。结果:针刺组与艾灸组气虚证症状量化评分在第4次治疗后和治疗结束后均较治疗前下降(均P<0.05),治疗结束后艾灸组气虚证评分低于针刺组(P<0.05);气虚证患者的心率变异性指标比健康对照组更低(均P<0.05),且相关系数更高;治疗结束后,艾灸组的平均心率较治疗前下降(P<0.05),心率变异性总功率、低频均较治疗前上升(均P<0.05),健康对照组平均心率较治疗前上升(P<0.05);针刺组各指标与治疗前比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:心率变异性总功率能一定程度上反映气虚证的严重程度,针刺与艾灸均能改善患者的气虚症状,艾灸作用更明显,原因可能与艾灸能够持续性地提高自主神经系统活性有关。 | 舒晴 孙丹红 王华 梁凤霞 Gerhard Litscher Daniela Litscher Ingrid Gaischek 陈丽 何文娟 王雅媛 | 2017 | 中国针灸2017，37，1： | 19 |
| 10 | A randomized double-blind trial on perioperative administration of probiotics in colorectal cancer patients显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether probiotic bacteria,given perioperatively,might adhere to the colonic mucosa, reduce concentration of pathogens in stools,and modulate the local immune function. METHODS:A randomized,double-blind clinical trial was carried out in 31 subjects undergoing elective colorectal resection for cancer.Patients were allocated to receive either a placebo(group A,n=10),or a dose of 10 7 of a mixture of Bifidobacterium longum(BB536) and Lactobacillus johnsonii(La1)(group B,n=11),or the same mixture at a concentration of 10 9 (group C,n=10).Probiotics,or a placebo,were given orally 2 doses/d for 3 d before operation.The same treatment continued postoperatively from day two to day four. Stools were collected before treatment,during surgery (day 0)and 5 d after operation.During the operation, colonic mucosa samples were harvested to evaluate bacterial adherence and to assess the phenotype of dendritic cells(DCs)and lymphocyte subsets by surface antigen expression(flow cytometry).The presence of BB536 and La1 was evaluated by the random amplified polymorphism DNA method with specific polymerase chain reaction probes. RESULTS:The three groups were balanced for baseline and surgical parameters.BB536 was never found at any time-points studied.At day 0,La1 was present in 6/10(60%)patients in either stools or by biopsy in group C,in 3/11(27.2%)in group B,and none in the placebo group(P=0.02,C vs A).There was a linear correlation between dose given and number of adher- ent La1(P=0.01).The rate of mucosal colonization by enterobacteriacae was 30%(3/10)in C,81.8%(9/11) in B and 70%(7/10)in A(P=0.03,C vs B).The Enterobacteriacae count in stools was 2.4(log10 scale) in C,4.6 in B,and 4.5 in A(P=0.07,C vs A and B). The same trend was observed for colonizing enterococ- ci.La1 was not found at day+5.We observed greater expression of CD3,CD4,CD8,and naive and memory lymphocyte subsets in group C than in group A with a dose response trend(C>B>A).Treatment didnot affect DC phenotype or activation,but after ex vivo stimulation with lipopolysaccharides,groups C and B had a lower proliferation rate compared to group A (P=0.04).Moreover,dendritic phenotypes CD83-123, CD83-HLADR,and CD83-11c(markers of activation) were significantly less expressed in patients colonized with La1(P=0.03 vs not colonized). CONCLUSION:La1,but not BB536,adheres to the colonic mucosa,and affects intestinal microbiota byreducing the concentration of pathogens and modulates local immunity. | Luca Gianotti Lorenzo Morelli Francesca Galbiati Simona Rocchetti Sara Coppola Aldo Beneduce Cristina Gilardini Daniela Zonenschain Angelo Nespoli Marco Braga | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，2： | 18 |
| 11 | Imaging tests for accurate diagnosis of acute biliary pancreatitis显示文摘Gallstones represent the most frequent aetiology of acute pancreatitis in many statistics all over the world, estimated between 40%-60%. Accurate diagnosis of acute biliary pancreatitis(ABP) is of outmost importance because clearance of lithiasis [gallbladder and common bile duct(CBD)] rules out recurrences. Confirmation of biliary lithiasis is done by imaging. The sensitivity of the ultrasonography(US) in the detection of gallstones is over 95% in uncomplicated cases, but in ABP, sensitivity for gallstone detection is lower, being less than 80% due to the ileus and bowel distension. Sensitivity of transabdominal ultrasonography(TUS) for choledocolithiasis varies between 50%-80%, but the specificity is high, reaching 95%. Diameter of the bile duct may be orientative for diagnosis. Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) seems to be a more effectivetool to diagnose ABP rather than endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP),which should be performed only for therapeutic purposes.As the sensitivity and specificity of computerized tomography are lower as compared to state-of-the-art magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)or EUS,especially for small stones and small diameter of CBD,the later techniques are nowadays preferred for the evaluation of ABP patients.ERCP has the highest accuracy for the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis and is used as a reference standard in many studies,especially after sphincterotomy and balloon extraction of CBD stones.Laparoscopic ultrasonography is a useful tool for the intraoperative diagnosis of choledocholithiasis.Routine exploration of the CBD in cases of patients scheduled for cholecystectomy after an attack of ABP was not proven useful.A significant rate of the so-called idiopathic pancreatitis is actually caused by microlithiasis and/or biliary sludge.In conclusion,the general algorithm for CBD stone detection starts with anamnesis,serum biochemistry and then TUS,followed by EUS or MRCP.In the end,bile duct microscopic analysis may be performed by bile harvested during ERCP in case of recurrent attacks of ABP and these should be followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy. | Valeriu Surlin Adrian S?ftoiu Daniela Dumitrescu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，44： | 17 |
| 12 | Liver metastases:Contrast-enhanced ultrasound compared with computed tomography and magnetic resonance显示文摘The development of ultrasound contrast agents with excellent tolerance and safety profiles has notably improved liver evaluation with ultrasound(US)for several applications,especially for the detection of metastases.In particular,contrast enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS)allows the display of the parenchymal microvasculature,enabling the study and visualization of the enhancement patterns of liver lesions in real time and in a continuous manner in all vascular phases,which is similar to contrast-enhanced computed tomography(CT)and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.Clinical studies have reported that the use of a contrast agent enables the visualization of more metastases with significantly improved sensitivity and specificity compared to baseline-US.Furthermore,studies have shown that CEUS yields sensitivities comparable to CT.In this review,we describe the state of the art of CEUS for detecting colorectal liver metastases,the imaging features,the literature reports of metastases in CEUS as well as its technique,its clinical role and its potential applications.Additionally,the updated international consensus panel guidelines are reported in this review with the inherent limitations of this technique and best practice experiences. | Vito Cantisani Hektor Grazhdani Cristina Fioravanti Maria Rosignuolo Fabrizio Calliada Daniela Messineo Maria Giulia Bernieri Adriano Redler Carlo Catalano Ferdinando D’Ambrosio | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，29： | 16 |
| 13 | New advances in targeted gastric cancer treatment显示文摘Despite a decrease in incidence over past decades,gastric cancer remains a major global health problem. In the more recent period, survival has shown only minor improvement, despite significant advances in diagnostic techniques, surgical and chemotherapeutic approaches, the development of novel therapeutic agents and treatment by multidisciplinary teams. Because multiple genetic mutations, epigenetic alterations, and aberrant molecular signalling pathways are involved in the development of gastric cancers, recent research has attempted to determine the molecular heterogeneity responsible for the processes of carcinogenesis, spread and metastasis. Currently, some novel agents targeting a part of these dysfunctional molecular signalling pathways have already been integrated into the standard treatment of gastric cancer, whereas others remain in phases of investigation within clinical trials. It is essential to identify the unique molecular patterns of tumours and specific biomarkers to develop treatments targeted to the individual tumour behaviour. This review analyses the global impact of gastric cancer, as well as the role of Helicobacter pylori infection and the efficacy of bacterial eradication in preventing gastric cancer development. Furthermore, the paper discusses the currently available targeted treatments and future directions of research using promising novel classes of molecular agents for advanced tumours. | Daniela Cornelia Lazar Sorina Taban Marioara Cornianu Alexandra Faur Adrian Goldis | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，30： | 15 |
| 14 | Transcriptional Regulation of the Ambient Temperature Response by H2A.Z Nucleosomes and HSF1 Transcription Factors in Arabidopsis显示文摘 | Sandra Cortijo Varodom Charoensawan Anna Brestovitsky Ruth Buning Charles Ravarani Daniela Rhodes John van Noort Katja E. Jaeger Philip A. Wigge | 2017 | Molecular Plant2017，10，10： | 15 |
| 15 | Biliary complications in liver transplantation: Impact of anastomotic technique and ischemic time on short- and long-term outcome显示文摘AIM: To elucidate the impact of various donor recipient and transplant factors on the development of biliary complications after liver transplantation.METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 200 patients of our newly established liver transplantation(LT) program, who received full size liver graft. Biliary reconstruction was performed by side-to-side(SS), end-to-end(EE) anastomosis or hepeaticojejunostomy(HJ). Biliary complications(BC), anastomotic stenosis, bile leak, papillary stenosis, biliary drain complication, ischemic type biliary lesion(ITBL) were evaluated by studying patient records, corresponding radiologic imaging and reports of interventional procedures [e.g., endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)]. Laboratory results included alanine aminotransferase(ALT), gammaglutamyltransferase and direct/indirect bilirubin with focus on the first and fifth postoperative day, six weeks after LT. The routinely employed external bile drain was examined by a routine cholangiography on the fifth postoperative day and six weeks after transplantation as a standard procedure, but also whenever clinically indicated. If necessary, interventional(e.g., ERCP) or surgical therapy was performed. In case of biliary complication, patients were selected, assigned to different complication-groups and subsequently reviewed in detail. To evaluate the patients outcome, we focussed on appearance of postoperative/post-interventional cholangitis, need for rehospitalisation, retransplantation, ITBL or death caused by BC.RESULTS: A total of 200 patients [age: 56(19-72), alcoholic cirrhosis: n = 64(32%), hepatocellular carcinoma: n = 40(20%), acute liver failure: n = 23(11.5%), cryptogenic cirrhosis: n = 22(11%), hepatitis B virus /hepatitis C virus cirrhosis: n = 13(6.5%), primary sclerosing cholangitis: n = 13(6.5%), others: n = 25(12.5%) were included. The median follow-up was 27 mo until June 2015. The overall biliary complication rate was 37.5%(n = 75) with anastomotic strictures(AS): n = 38(19%), bile leak(BL): n = 12(6%), biliary drain complication: n = 12(6%); papillary stenosis(PS): n = 7(3.5%), ITBL: n = 6(3%). Clinically relevant were only 19%(n = 38). We established a comprehensive classification for AS with four grades according to clinical relevance. The reconstruction techniques [SS: n = 164, EE: n = 18, HJ: n = 18] showed no significant impact on the development of BCs in general(all n < 0.05), whereas in the HJ group significantly less AS were found(P = 0.031). The length of donor intensive care unit stay over 6 d had a significant influence on BC development(P = 0.007, HR = 2.85; 95%CI: 1.33-6.08) in the binary logistic regression model, whereas other reviewed variables had not [warm ischemic time > 45 min(P = 0.543), cold ischemic time > 10 h(P = 0.114), ALT init > 1500 U/L(P = 0.631), bilirubin init > 5 mg/d L(P = 0.595), donor age > 65(P = 0.244), donor sex(P = 0.068), rescue organ(P = 0.971)]. 13%(n = 10) of BCs had no therapeutic consequences, 36%(n = 27) resulted in repeated lab control, 40%(n = 30) received ERCP and 11%(n = 8) surgical therapy. Fifteen(7.5%) patients developed cholangitis [AS(n = 6), ITBL(n = 5), PS(n = 3), biliary lesion BL(n = 1)]. One patient developed ITBL twelve months after LT and subsequently needed retransplantation. Rehospitalisation rate was 10.5 %(n = 21) [AS(n = 11), ITBL(n = 5), PS(n = 3), BL(n = 1)] with intervention or reinterventional therapy as main reasons. Retransplantation was performed in 5(2.5%) patients [ITBL(n = 1), acute liver injury(ALI) by organ rejection(n = 3), ALI by occlusion of hepatic artery(n = 1)]. In total 21(10.5%) patients died within the follow-up period. Out of these, one patient with AS developed severe fatal chologenic sepsis after ERCP.CONCLUSION: In our data biliary reconstruction technique and ischemic times seem to have little impact on the development of BCs. | Stefan Kienlein Wenzel Schoening Anne Andert Daniela Kroy Ulf Peter Neumann Maximilian Schmeding | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，4： | 14 |
| 16 | Chemokine and chemotactic signals in dendritic cell migration显示文摘Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells responsible for the activation of specific T-cell responses and for thedevelopment of immune tolerance. Immature DCs reside in peripheral tissues and specialize in antigen capture, whereas matureDCs reside mostly in the secondary lymphoid organs where they act as antigen-presenting cells. The correct localization of DCs isstrictly regulated by a large variety of chemotactic and nonchemotactic signals that include bacterial products, DAMPs (dangerassociated molecular patterns), complement proteins, lipids, and chemokines. These signals function both individually and inconcert, generating a complex regulatory network. This network is regulated at multiple levels through different strategies, such assynergistic interactions, proteolytic processing, and the actions of atypical chemokine receptors. Understanding this complexscenario will help to clarify the role of DCs in different pathological conditions, such as autoimmune diseases and cancers and willuncover new molecular targets for therapeutic interventions. | Laura Tiberio Annalisa Del Prete Tiziana Schioppa Francesca Sozio Daniela Bosisio Silvano Sozzani | 2018 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2018，15，4： | 14 |
| 17 | Role of blood AFP mRNA and tumor grade in the preoperative prognostic evaluation of patients with hepatoceiluiar carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To explore the potential prognostic role of preoperative tumor grade and blood AFP mRNA in a cohort of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)eligible for radical therapies according to a well-defined treatment algorithm not including nodule size and number as absolute selection criteria.METHODS: Fifty patients with a diagnosis of HCC were prospectively enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria were: (1) histological assessment of tumor grade by means of percutaneous biopsies; (2) determination of AFP mRNA status in the blood; (3) patient's eligibility for radical therapies.RESULTS: At preoperative evaluation, 54% of the study group had a well-differentiated HCC, 42% had AFP mRNA in the blood, 40% had a tumor larger than 5 cm and 56% had more than one nodule. Surgery (resection or liver transplantation) was performed in 29 patients,while 21 had percutaneous ablation procedures. After a median follow-up of 28 mo, 12-, 24-, and 36-mo survival rates were 78%, 58%, and 51%, respectively. Surgical therapy, performance status and three tumor-related variables (AFP mRNA, HCC grade and gross vascular invasion) resulted as significant survival predictors at univariate analysis. Nodule size and number did not perform as significant prognosticators. Multivariate study selected only surgical therapy and a biologically early HCC profile (AFP mRNA negative and well-differentiated tumor without gross vascular invasion) as independent survival variables.CONCLUSION: The preoperative determination of tumor grade and blood AFP mRNA status may potentially refine the prognostic evaluation of HCC patients and improve the selection process for radical therapies. | Umberto Cillo Alessandro Vitale Filippo Navaglia Daniela Basso Umberto Montin Marco Bassanello Francesco D'Amico Francesco Antonio Ciarleglio Alberto Brolese Giacomo Zanus Vito De Pascale Mario Plebani Davide Francesco D'Amico | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，44： | 12 |
| 18 | Sonographic markers for early diagnosis of fetal malformations显示文摘Fetal malformations are very frequent in industrialized countries.Although advanced maternal age may affect pregnancy outcome adversely,80%-90%of fetal malformations occur in the absence of a specific risk factor for parents.The only effective approach for prenatal screening is currently represented by an ultrasound scan.However,ultrasound methods present two important limitations:the substantial absence of quantitative parameters and the dependence on the sonographer experience.In recent years,together with the improvement in transducer technology,quantitative and objective sonographic markers highly predictive of fetal malformations have been developed.These markers can be detected at early gestation(11-14 wk)and generally are not pathological in themselves but have an increased incidence in abnormal fetuses.Thus,prenatal ultrasonography during the second trimester of gestation provides a'genetic sonogram',including,for instance,nuchal translucency,short humeral length,echogenic bowel,echogenic intracardiac focus and choroid plexus cyst,that is used to identify morphological features of fetal Down’s syndrome with a potential sensitivity of more than 90%.Other specific and sensitive markers can be seen in the case of cardiac defects and skeletal anomalies.In the future,sonographic markers could limit even more the use of invasive and dangerous techniques of prenatal diagnosis(amniocentesis,etc.). | Maria Daniela Renna Paola Pisani Francesco Conversano Emanuele Perrone Ernesto Casciaro Gian Carlo Di Renzo Marco Di Paola Antonio Perrone Sergio Casciaro | 2013 | World Journal of Radiology2013，5，10： | 12 |
| 19 | Transforming growth factor-β1 induces intestinal myofibroblast differentiation and modulates their migration显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1)on the differentiation of colonic lamina propria fibroblasts(CLPF)into myofibroblasts in vitro. METHODS:Primary CLPF cultures were incubated with TGF-β1 and analyzed for production ofα-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),fibronectin(FN)and FN isoforms.Migration assays were performed in a modified 48-well Boyden chamber.Levels of total and phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase(FAK)in CLPF were analyzed after induction of migration.RESULTS:Incubation of CLPF with TGF-β1 for 2 d did not changeα-SMA levels,while TGF-β1 treatment for 6 d significantly increasedα-SMA production. Short term incubation(6 h)with TGF-β1 enhanced CLPF migration,while long term treatment(6 d)of CLPF with TGF-β1 reduced migration to 15%-37% compared to untreated cells.FN and FN isoform mRNA expression were increased after short term incubation with TGF-β1(2 d)in contrast to long term incubation with TGF-β1 for 6 d.After induction of migration, TGF-β1-preincubated CLPF showed higher amounts of FN and its isoforms and lower levels of total and phosphorylated FAK than untreated cells. CONCLUSION:Long term incubation of CLPF with TGF-β1 induced differentiation into myofibroblasts with enhancedα-SMA,reduced migratory potential and FAK phosphorylation,and increased FN production.In contrast,short term contact(6 h)of fibroblasts with TGF-β1 induced a dose-dependent increase of cell migration and FAK phosphorylation without induction ofα-SMA production. | Julia Brenmoehl Sandra Nicole Miller Claudia Hofmann Daniela Vogl Werner Falk Jrgen Schlmerich Gerhard Rogler | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，12： | 12 |
| 20 | Effectiveness of Acupuncture on Pain, Physical Function and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review of Quantitative Evidence显示文摘Objective: To identify and synthesize the most recent available evidence of effectiveness of acupuncture on pain, physical function and health-related quality of life(HRQoL) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Methods: A comprehensive search of 12 Western and Chinese databases was undertaken from their inception up to end of 2016. Randomized controlled trials(RCTs), concerning patients with RA treated with needle acupuncture, written in English, Portuguese, German or Chinese were included. Primary outcomes included pain, physical function and HRQoL. Secondary outcomes included morning stiffness, functional impairment, number of tender and swollen joints and serum concentrations of inflamatory markers. Methodological quality was assessed by three independent reviewers using the standardized critical appraisal instrument from the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. Results: Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Of those, 9 studies were excluded after assessment of their methodological quality. The remaining 13 original RCTs included 974 patients. Ten of these studies published in China, showed favorable statistical significant effects of acupuncture in relieving symptoms of RA compared with controls. Conclusions: Evidence suggests that acupuncture interventions may have a positive effect in pain relief, physical function and HRQo L in RA patients. However, due to the heterogeneity and methodologic limitations of the studies included in this systematic review, evidence is not strong enough to produce a best practice guideline. | Susana Seca Diana Miranda Daniela Cardoso Bernice Nogueira Henry J.Greten Antonio Cabrita Manuel Alves Rodrigues | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2019，25，9： | 11 |
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