| 2 | Fish diversity reduction and assemblage structure homogenization in lakes:A case study on unselective fishing in China显示文摘Unselective fishing involves activities that target the entire assemblage rather than specific fish species,size classes,or trophic levels.This common fishing approach has been in practice for decades in inland waters in China but its implications for biodiversity remain unclear.We addressed this issue by studying fish assemblages in freshwater lakes(five fishing lakes,one reference lake,and a total of 51 sampling sites)between pre-and postfishing time-periods in Eastern China during 2017–2019.The effects of lake,fishing period,and their interactions on fish abundance,biomass,and diversity indices were assessed.Multivariate analysis was conducted to test for differences in fish assemblages among lakes and between fishing periods.After the implementation of fishing activities,significant reductions in fish species richness,abundance,biomass,and all three life-history strategies(opportunistic,equilibrium,and periodic)were observed in fishing lakes,whereas opposite trends were observed in the reference lake.Compositional similarity of fish assemblages among fishing lakes increased over the threeyear monitoring period.Our results suggest that unselective fishing reduces fish diversity and homogenizes fish assemblage structure in lakes.These findings have important implications for protecting both biodiversity and fisheries in inland waters in China and are applicable to other countries or regions that rely on fish as a major food source. | Han Liu Yushun Chen Rodolphe E.Gozlan Xiao Qu Wentong Xia Fei Cheng Lizhu Wang Craig P.Paukert Julian D.Olden Songguang Xie | 2022 | Water Biology and Security2022，1，3： | 0 |
| 3 | 专业培训课程中的学者动机:对学习投入和学习收益的影响显示文摘对于大学学者来说,教学是一项重要的任务,并且需要承担各种独特的责任(Neu-mann,2009)。学者需要更新专业知识以跟上研究发展,适应不断变化的教育政策,并为学生提供高质量的学习体验。因此,为了做好工作,学者们必须在整个职业生涯中不断学习和提高(Neumann,2009;Terosky&Gonzales,2016)。特别是,与学校教师不同的是,学者通常很少(如果有的话)接受正式的职前教师教育(Daniels,2017)。 | Martin Daumiller R.Rinas D.Olden M.Dresel 李妙(译) | 2022 | 国际高等教育2022，，1： | 0 |
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