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| 1 | Posterior interosseous nerve localization within the proximal forearm-a patient normalized parameter显示文摘AIM To provide a 'patient-normalized' parameter in the proximal forearm. METHODS Sixty-three cadaveric upper extremities from thirty-five cadavers were studied. A muscle splitting approach was utilized to locate the posterior interosseous nerve(PIN) at the point where it emerges from beneath the supinator. The supinator was carefully incised to expose the midpoint length of the nerve as it passes into the forearm while preserving the associated fascial connections, thereby preserving the relationship of the nerve with the muscle. We measured the transepicondylar distance(TED), PIN distance in the forearm's neutral rotation position, pronation position, supination position, and the nerve width. Two individuals performed measurements using a digital caliper with inter-observer and intraobserver blinding. The results were analyzed with the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples. RESULTS In pronation, the PIN was within two confidence intervals of 1.0 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.7-1.3 TED); in neutral, within two confidence intervals of 0.84 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.5-1.1 TED); in supination,within two confidence intervals of 0.72 TED in 95% of cases(range 0.5-0.9 TED). The mean PIN distance from the lateral epicondyle was 100% of TED in a pronated forearm, 84% in neutral, and 72% in supination. Predictive accuracy was highest in supination; in all cases the majority of specimens(90.47%-95.23%) are within 2 cm of the forearm position-specific percentage of TED. When comparing right to left sides for TEDs with the signed Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples as well as a significance test(with normal distribution), the P-value was 0.0357(significance-0.05) indicating a significant difference between the two sides.CONCLUSION This 'patient normalized' parameter localizes the PIN crossing a line drawn between the lateral epicondyle and the radial styloid. Accurate PIN localization will aid in diagnosis, injections, and surgical approaches. | Srinath Kamineni Crystal R Norgren Evan M Davidson Ellora P Kamineni Andrew S Deane | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，4： | 2 |
| 2 | Accuracy of sonographically guided 14-gauge core-needle biopsy:results of 715consecutive breast biopsies with at least two-year follow-up of benign lesions显示文摘 | Crystal P Koretz M Shcharynsky S | 2005 | J Clin Ultrasound2005，33，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Nanophase iron-enhanced chemical reactivity of ground lunar soil 显示文摘 | WILLIAM T W CRYSTAL J P ANTONY S J | 2010 | Earth and Planetary Science Letters2010，295，34： | 1 |
| 4 | Evaluation of CHROMagar Candida for Presumptive Identification of Clinically Important Candida Species显示文摘 | Heather L Powell Crystal A Sand Robert P Rennie | 1998 | Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis1998，32，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Analysis of risk factors for local delivery of low-and intermediate-dose adenovirus gene transfer vectors to individuals with a spectrum of comorbid condition 显示文摘 | Crystal R G Harvey B Wisnivesky J P | 2002 | Hum Gene Ther2002，，13： | 1 |
| 6 | Performance of comput-er-aided detection applied to full-field digital mammography indetection of breast cancers显示文摘 | Sadaf A Crystal P Scaranelo A | 2011 | Eur J Radiol2011，77，： | 1 |
| 7 | Efficient gene transfer into myocardium by direct injection of adenovirus vectors 显示文摘 | Guzman R J Lemarchand P Crystal RG | 1993 | Circ Res1993，73，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Inner-layer copper reliability of electroless copper processes显示文摘 | Li Crystal P L Ciccolo Paul Yee Dennis K W | 2010 | Circuit World2010，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Using sonography to screen women with mammographically dense breasts 显示文摘 | Crystal P Strano SD Shcharynski S | 2003 | AJR Am J Roentgenol2003，181，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Dedicated Screening Mammography for Diagnosis of Small Breast Cancer显示文摘 | Kirshtein B Crystal P | 2004 | World J Surg2004，28，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Sonographically Guided Hydrostatic Reduction of Intussusception in Children显示文摘 | Hertzanu Y Farber B | 2002 | J Clin Ultrasound2002，30，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Clinico-pathologic studies in dementia:Nondemented subjects with pathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease显示文摘 | Crystal H Dickson D Fuld P | | 0，，11： | 1 |
| 13 | Digital and film mammography显示文摘 | Crystal P Strano S | 2006 | N Engl J Med2006，354，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Induction of the hair growth phase in postnatal mice by localized transient expression of Sonic hedgehog显示文摘 | Sato N Leopold P Crystal R | 1999 | J Clin Invest1999，104，： | 1 |
| 15 | Sonographically guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusception in children 显示文摘 | Crystal P Hertz Y Farber B | 2002 | J Clin Ultr2002，30，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Granular cell tumour of the breast: MRI findings and review of the literature 显示文摘 | Scaranelo AM Bukhanov K Crystal P | 2007 | The British Journal of Radiology2007，80，： | 1 |
| 17 | Future research directions in idiopathic puhnonary fibrosis: summary of a National Heart,Lung, and Blood Institute working group 显示文摘 | Crystal R G Bitterman P B Mossman B | 2002 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med2002，166，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Accuracy of sonographically guided 14-Gauge core-needle biopsy: Results of 715 consecutive breast biopsy with at least two year follow-up of benign lesion 显示文摘 | Crystal P Koretz M Shcharynsky S | 2005 | J Clin Ultrasound2005，33，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Efficient gene transfer into myocardium by direct injection of adenovirus vectors显示文摘 | Lemarchand P Crystal RG | 1993 | Circ Res1993，73，： | 1 |
| 20 | Sonographically guidedhydrostatic reduction of intussusception in children显示文摘 | Crystal P Hertzanu Y Farber B | 2002 | J Clin Ultrasound2002，30，6： | 1 |
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