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| 1 | 胰岛素抵抗的分子机制及中药的干预作用显示文摘胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)及其信号调控途径紊乱是很多胰岛素靶器官或组织发生病变并缓慢进展的机制之一。其临床诊断指标是基于空腹血糖和空腹血清胰岛素的'稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗(the homeostatic model of insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)'指数,此外,包括脂联素在内的新兴IR生物标记物也可作为诊断的参考指标;其影响因素有肥胖、慢性微炎症、缺乏运动等;其主要信号调控途径包括胰岛素受体底物1(insulin receptor substrate 1,IRS1)/磷脂酰肌醇3激酶(phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase,PI3K)/丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶(serine-threonine kinase,Akt)通路、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)通路、Smad3通路等。临床上,可通过促进胰岛素分泌、增强胰岛素信号活性来提高胰岛素敏感性,改善IR。目前,用以治疗IR的胰岛素增敏剂不仅有噻唑烷二酮及其衍生物,还有新近发现的二甲双胍和维生素D。此外,一些单味中药提取物和中药复方,如黄蜀葵花总黄酮、黄连素、黄芪多糖以及黄芪汤等也有改善IR的作用。在慢性肾脏病领域,针对胰岛素靶器官的常见病变——糖尿病早期肾损害,基于足细胞IR信号调控途径的中药干预性研究是今后的重要方向之一。 | YEE Hong-yun 杨晶晶 万毅刚 CHONG Fee-lan 吴薇 龙燕 韩文贝 刘莹露 涂玥 姚建 | 2019 | 中国中药杂志2019，44，7： | 44 |
| 2 | Structure and function of aggrecan显示文摘Aggrecan is the major proteoglycan in the articular cartilage. This molecule is important in the proper functioning of articular cartilage because it provides a hydrated gel structure (via its interaction with hyaluronan and link protein) that endows the cartilage with load-bearing properties. It is also crucial in chondroskeletal morphogenesis during development. Aggrecan is a multimodular molecule expressed by chondrocytes. Its core protein is composed of three globular domains (G1, G2, and G3) and a large extended region (CS) between G2 and G3 for glycosaminoglycan chain attachment. G1 comprises the amino terminus of the core protein. This domain has the same structural motif as link protein. Functionally, the G1 domain interacts with hyaluronan acid and link protein, forming stable ternary complexes in the extracellular matrix. G2 is homologous to the tandem repeats of G1 and of link protein and is involved in product processing. G3 makes up the carboxyl terminus of the core protein. It enhances glycosaminoglycan modification and product secretion. Aggrecan plays an important role in mediating chondrocyte-chondrocyte and chondrocyte-matrix interactions through its ability to bind hyaluronan. | CHRIS KIANI, LIWEN CHEN, YAO JIONG WU, ALBERT J YEE, BURTON B YANG, Sunnybrook and Women’s College Health Sciences Centre and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Patobiology, 2 Department of Surgeny, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada | 2002 | Cell Research2002，12，1： | 27 |
| 3 | Spider angiomas in patients with liver cirrhosis: Role of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblastic growth factor (bFGF) are associated wibh spider angiomas in patients wibh liver cirrhosis. METHODS: Eighty-six patients with liver cirrhosis were enrolled and the number and size of the spider angiomas were recorded. Fifty-three healthy subjects were selected as controls. Plasma levels of VEGF and bFGF were measured in both the cirrhotics and the controls. RESULTS: Plasma VEGF and bFGF were increased in cirrhotics compared with controls (122±13 vs. 71±11 pg/mL, P=0.003 for VEGF; 5.1±0.5 vs. 3.4±0.5 pg/mL, P=0.022 for bFGF). In cirrhotics, plasma VEGF and bFGF were also higher in patients with spider angiomas compared with patients without spider angiomas (185±28 vs. 90±10 pg/mL, P=-0.003 for VEGF; 6.8±1.0 vs. 4.1±0.5 pg/mL, P=0.017 for bFGF). Multivariate logistic regression showed that young age and increased plasma levels of VEGF and bFGF were the most significant predictors for the presence of spider angiomas in cirrhotic patients (odds ratio [OR]=6.64, 95% confidence interval[CI]=2.02-21.79, P=0.002; OR=4.35, 95% CI=1.35-14.01,P=0.014; OR=5.66, 95% CI=1.72-18.63, P=0.004, respectively). CONCLUSION: Plasma VEGF and bFGF are elevated inpatients with liver cirrhosis. Age as well as plasma levels of VEGF and bFGF are significant predictors for spider angiomas in cirrhotic patients. | Chun-Pin Li Fa-Yauh Lee Shinn-Jang Hwang Rei-Hwa Lu Wei-Ping Lee Yee Chao Sung-Sang Wang Full-Young Chang Jacqueline Whang-Peng Shou-Dong Lee | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，12： | 24 |
| 4 | Laparoscopic liver resection under hemihepatic vascular inflow occlusion using the lowering of hilar plate approach显示文摘BACKGROUND: With advances in technology, laparoscopic liver resection is widely accepted. Laparoscopic liver resection under hemihepatic vascular inflow occlusion has advantages over the conventional total hepatic inflow occlusion using the Pringle's maneuver, especially in patients with cirrhosis.METHOD: From November 2011 to August 2012, eight consecutive patients underwent laparoscopic liver resection under hemihepatic vascular inflow occlusion using the lowering of hilar plate approach with biliary bougie assistance.RESULTS: The types of liver resection included right hepatectomy(n1), right posterior sectionectomy(n1), left hepatectomy and common bile duct exploration(n1), segment 4b resection(n1), left lateral sectionectomy(n2), and wedge resection(n2). Four patients underwent right and 4 left hemihepatic vascular inflow occlusion. Four patients had cirrhosis. The mean operation time was 176.3 minutes. The mean time taken to achieve hemihepatic vascular inflow occlusion was 24.3minutes. The mean duration of vascular inflow occlusion was54.5 minutes. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 361 mL.No patient required blood transfusion. Postoperatively, one patient developed bile leak which healed with conservative treatment. No postoperative liver failure and mortality occurred. The mean hospital stay of the patients was 7 days.CONCLUSION: Our technique of hemihepatic vascular inflow vascular occlusion using the lowering of hilar plate approachwas safe, and it improved laparoscopic liver resection by minimizing blood loss during liver parenchymal transection. | Ying-Jun Chen Zuo-Jun Zhen Huan-Wei Chen Eric CH Lai Fei-Wen Deng Qing-Han Li Wan Yee Lau | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，5： | 23 |
| 5 | 澳大利亚数学课程中七大通用能力的探析及启示——基于数学核心素养的视角显示文摘学生核心素养的发展是落实"立德树人"教育根本任务的重要途径,数学核心素养的研制是广大数学教育研究者们肩负的重任.澳大利亚数学课程中的七大通用能力包括:读写能力、运算能力、信息通信技术能力、批判性与创造性思维、个人与社会能力、道德理解、跨文化理解等7个方面,其价值取向与中国新近颁布的学生发展核心素养类似.作为澳大利亚数学课程的一大亮点,它的目标、内容和评价有诸多特色,对中国数学核心素养的研制有着重要的启示作用. | 童莉 Mun Yee LAI | 2017 | 数学教育学报2017，26，4： | 21 |
| 6 | 黄葵胶囊对早期糖尿病肾脏疾病患者胰岛素抵抗和尿微量白蛋白的多靶点治疗作用显示文摘观察黄葵胶囊(Huangkui Capsules,HKC)对早期糖尿病肾脏疾病(diabetic kidney disease,DKD)患者胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)和尿微量白蛋白的多靶点治疗作用。收集83例G2,A2期DKD患者的病例资料,进行回顾性分析。根据不同干预措施将全部患者分为对照(A)组40例和治疗(B)组43例。其中,A组患者接受的治疗措施是'常规基础治疗';B组患者接受的治疗措施是'常规基础治疗+HKC'。对于2组患者,先比较其在接受干预措施前的基线参数,再比较其在接受干预措施8周后的中医证候总积分以及IR、尿蛋白、肾功能、血脂、安全性指标的变化情况,并且,针对全部DKD患者干预前后IR指标与尿蛋白指标、中医证候总积分分别进行相关性分析。结果表明,对于接受'常规基础治疗+HKC'干预措施的B组患者,其中医证候总积分、尿蛋白指标[包括尿微量白蛋白(urine microalbumin,micro-UAlb)、尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐(urine microalbumin/urinary creatinine,UACR)]、IR主要指标[包括空腹血清胰岛素(fasting serum insulin,FIN)、稳态模型评估IR指数(homeostasis model assessment of IR,HOMA-IR)]均有明显改善;全部DKD患者干预前后IR主要指标(FIN,HOMA-IR)与尿蛋白指标(micro-UAlb,UACR)均呈正相关;全部DKD患者干预前后IR主要指标(FIN,HOMA-IR)与中医证候总积分亦呈正相关。此外,2种干预措施对全部DKD患者肾功能、血脂以及安全性指标均无明显影响。总之,'常规基础治疗联合HKC'的干预措施不仅能改善早期DKD患者IR,还能减少尿微量白蛋白。其治疗靶点不只在蛋白尿,还可能是蛋白尿的上游致病因素——IR。 | 吴薇 刘莹露 万毅刚 曹东维 房其军 涂玥 刘不悔 王文文 王美子 YEE Hong-yun 袁灿灿 胡巍 | 2020 | 中国中药杂志2020，45，23： | 21 |
| 7 | An update on transurethral surgery for benign prostatic obstruction显示文摘Clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)is one of the most common cause of lower urinary tract symptoms and transurethral resection of prostate(TURP)has been the gold standard technique for surgical treatment of benign prostate obstruction(BPO)over the last 2 decades.Although monopolar TURP is considered a safe and effective option for surgical management of BPO,there are some disadvantages,namely bleeding,transurethral resection syndrome,incompleteness of treatment.This review aims to highlight these problems,and describe the advances in technology and techniques that have evolved to minimise such complications.With the advent of lasers and bipolar technology,as well as enucleative techniques to remove the prostatic adenoma/adenomata,the problems of bleeding,transurethral resection syndrome and incomplete treatment are significantly minimised.Monopolar TURPwill likely be replaced by such technology and techniques in the near future such that transurethral surgery of the prostate remain a safe and effective option in alleviating the harmful effects of BPO. | Jonathan Shunming Teo Yee Mun Lee Henry Sun Sien Ho | 2017 | Asian Journal of Urology2017，4，3： | 20 |
| 8 | Optimal central venous pressure during partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND:Low central venous pressure(CVP) affects hemodynamic stability and tissue perfusion.This prospective study aimed to evaluate the optimal CVP during partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:Ninety-seven patients who underwent partial hepatectomy for HCC had their CVP controlled at a level of 0 to 5 mmHg during hepatic parenchymal transection.The systolic blood pressure(SBP) was maintained,if possible,at 90 mmHg or higher.Hepatitis B surface antigen was positive in 90 patients(92.8%) and cirrhosis in 84 patients(86.6%).Pringle maneuver was used routinely in these patients with clamp/unclamp cycles of 15/5 minutes.The average clamp time was 21.4±8.0 minutes.These patients were divided into 5 groups based on the CVP:group A:0-1 mmHg;B:1.1-2 mmHg;C:2.1-3 mmHg;D:3.1-4 mmHg and E:4.1-5 mmHg.The blood loss per transection area during hepatic parenchymal transection and the arterial blood gas before and after liver transection were analyzed.RESULTS:With active fluid load,a constant SBP ≥90 mmHg which was considered as optimal was maintained in 18.6% in group A(95% CI:10.8%-26.3%);39.2% in group B(95% CI:29.5%-48.9%);72.2% in group C(95% CI:63.2%-81.1%);89.7% in group D(95% CI:83.6%-95.7%);and 100% in group E(95% CI:100%-100%).The blood loss per transection area during hepatic parenchymal transection decreased with a decrease in CVP.Compared to groups D and E,blood loss in groups A,B and C was significantly less(analysis of variance test,P<0.05).Compared with the baseline,the blood oxygenation decreased significantly when the CVP was reduced.Base excess and HCO 3-in groups A and B were significantly decreased compared with those in groups C,D and E(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:In consideration of blood loss,SBP,base excess and HCO 3-,a CVP of 2.1-3 mmHg was optimal in patients undergoing partial hepatectomy for HCC. | Cheng-Xin Lin Ya Guo Wan Yee Lau Guang-Ying Zhang Yi-Ting Huang Wen-Zheng He Eric CH Lai | 2013 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2013，12，5： | 19 |
| 9 | Robotic surgery for rectal cancer: A systematic review of current practice显示文摘AIM: To give a comprehensive review of current litera-ture on robotic rectal cancer surgery.METHODS: A systematic review of current literature via PubMed and Embase search engines was per-formed to identify relevant articles from january 2007 to november 2013. The keywords used were: 'robotic surgery', 'surgical robotics', 'laparoscopic computer-assisted surgery', 'colectomy' and 'rectal resection'. RESULTS: After the initial screen of 380 articles, 20 pa-pers were selected for review. A total of 1062 patients(male 64.0%) with a mean age of 61.1 years and body mass index of 24.9 kg/m2 were included in the review.Out of 1062 robotic-assisted operations, 831(78.2%) anterior and low anterior resections, 132(12.4%) in-tersphincteric resection with coloanal anastomosis, 98(9.3%) abdominoperineal resections and 1(0.1%) Hart-mann's operation were included in the review. Robotic rectal surgery was associated with longer operative time but with comparable oncological results and anastomotic leak rate when compared with laparoscopic rectal surgery. CONCLUSION: Robotic colorectal surgery has con-tinued to evolve to its current state with promising re-sults; feasible surgical option with low conversion rate and comparable short-term oncological results. The challenges faced with robotic surgery are for more high quality studies to justify its cost. | Tony Wing Chung Mak Janet Fung Yee Lee Kaori Futaba Sophie Sok Fei Hon Dennis Kwok Yu Ngo Simon Siu Man Ng | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2014，6，6： | 16 |
| 10 | Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy versus sequential transarterial chemoembolization and portal vein embolization in staged hepatectomy for HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma:a randomized comparative study显示文摘Background:Both portal vein embolization(PVE)and associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS)have merits and demerits when used in patients with unresectable liver cancers due to insufficient volumes in future liver remnant(FLR).Methods:This study was a single-center,prospective randomized comparative study.Patients with the diagnosis of hepatitis B related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to the 2 groups.The primary endpoints were tumor resection and three-year overall survival(OS)rates.Results:Between November 2014 to June 2016,76 patients with unresectable HBV-related HCC due to inadequate volume of FLR were randomly assigned to ALPPS groups(n=38)and TACE+PVE groups(n=38).Thirty-seven patients(97.4%)in the ALPPS group compared with 25 patients(65.8%)in the TACE+PVE group were able to undergo staged hepatectomy(risk ratio 1.48,95%CI:1.17-1.87,P<0.001).The three-year OS rate of the ALPPS group(65.8%)(95%CI:50.7-80.9)was significantly better than the TACE+PVE group(42.1%)(95%CI:26.4-57.8)(HR 0.50,95%CI:0.26-0.98,two-sided P=0.036).However,no significant difference in the OS rates between patients who underwent tumor resection in the 2 groups of patients was found(HR 0.80,95%CI:0.35-1.83,two-sided P=0.595).Major postoperative complications rates after the stage-2 hepatectomy were 54.1%in the ALPPS group and 20.0%in the TACE+PVE group(risk ratio 2.70,95%CI:1.17-6.25,P=0.007).Conclusions:ALPPS resulted in significantly better intermediate-term OS outcomes,at the expenses of a significantly higher perioperative morbidity rate compared with TACE+PVE in patients who had initially unresectable HBV-related HCC. | Peng-Peng Li Gang Huang Ning-Yang Jia Ze-Ya Pan Hui Liu Yun Yang Cheng-Jian He Wan Yee Lau Ye-Fa Yang Wei-Ping Zhou | 2022 | Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition2022，11，1： | 16 |
| 11 | Psychometrics of the chronic liver disease questionnaire for Southern Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection显示文摘AIM:To test the psychometric properties of a Chinese [(Hong Kong) HK] translation of the chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ).METHODS:A Chinese (HK) translation of the CLDQ was developed by iterative translation and cognitive debriefing.It was then administered to 72 uncomplicated and 78 complicated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients in Hong Kong together with a structured questionnaire on service utilization,and the Chinese (HK) SF-36 Health Survey Version 2 (SF-36v2).RESULTS:Scaling success was ≥ 80% for all but three items.A new factor assessing sleep was found and items of two (Fatigue and Systemic Symptoms) subscales tended to load on the same factor.Internal consistency and test-retest reliabilities ranged from 0.58-0.90 for different subscales.Construct validity was confirmed by the expected correlations between the SF-36v2 Health Survey and CLDQ scores.Mean scores of CLDQ were significantly lower in complicated compared with uncomplicated CHB,supporting sensitivity in detecting differences between groups.CONCLUSION:The Chinese (HK) CLDQ is valid,reliable and sensitive for patients with CHB.Some modif ications to the scaling structure might further improve its psychometric properties. | Elegance Ting Pui Lam Cindy Lo Kuen Lam Ching Lung Lai Man Fung Yuen Daniel Yee Tak Fong | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，26： | 16 |
| 12 | Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy: the current role and development显示文摘BACKGROUND: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy(ALPPS) has recently been developed to induce rapid liver hypertrophy and reduce posthepatectomy liver failure in patients with insufficient future liver remnant(FLR). ALPPS is still considered to be in an early developmental phase because surgical indications and techniques have not been standardized. This article aimed to review the current role and future developments of ALPPS.DATA SOURCES: Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE and Pub Med for articles from January 2007 to October 2016 using the keywords 'associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy' and 'ALPPS'. Additional papers were identified by a manual search of references from key articles.RESULTS: ALPPS induces more hypertrophy of the FLR in less time than portal vein embolization or portal vein ligation.The benefits of ALPPS include rapid hypertrophy 47%-110% of the liver over a median of 6-16.4 days, and 95%-100% completion rate of the second stage of ALPPS. The main criticisms of ALPPS are centered on its high morbidity and mortality rates. Morbidity rates after ALPPS have been reported to be 15.3%-100%, with ≥ the Clavien-Dindo grade III morbidity of 13.6%-44%. Mortality rates have been reported to be 0%-29%.The important questions to ask even if oncologic long-term results are acceptable are: whether the gain in quality and quantity of life can be off balance by the substantial risks of morbidity and mortality, and whether stimulation of rapid liver hypertrophy also accelerates rapid tumor progression and spread. Up till now, the documentations of the ALPPS procedure come mainly from case series, and most of these series include heterogeneous groups of malignancies. The numbers are also too small to separately evaluate survival for different tumor etiologies.CONCLUSIONS: Currently, knowledge on ALPPS is limited, and prospective randomized studies are lacking. From the reported preliminary results, safety of the ALPPS procedure remains questionable. ALPPS should only be used in experienced, high-volume hepatobiliary centers. | Wan Yee Lau Eric CH Lai Stephanie HY Lau | 2017 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2017，16，1： | 16 |
| 13 | Central hepatectomy for centrally located malignant liver tumors: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To study whether central hepatectomy(CH) canachieve similar overall patient survival and disease-freesurvival rates as conventional major hepatectomies ornot.METHODS: A systematic literature search was per-formed in MEDLINE for articles published from January1983 to June 2013 to evaluate the evidence for andagainst CH in the management of central hepatic malig-nancies and to compare the perioperative variables andoutcomes of CH to lobar/extended hemihepatectomy. RESULTS: A total of 895 patients were included from21 relevant studies. Most of these patients who un-derwent CH were a sub-cohort of larger liver resectionstudies. Only 4 studies directly compared Central vshemi-/extended hepatectomies. The range of opera-tive time for CH was reported to be 115 to 627 min andPringle's maneuver was used for vascular control in themajority of studies. The mean intraoperative blood lossduring CH ranged from 380 to 2450 mL. The reportedmorbidity rates ranged from 5.1% to 61.1%, the most common surgical complication was bile leakage and the most common cause of mortality was liver failure. Mor-tality ranged from 0.0% to 7.1% with an overall mor-tality of 2.3% following CH. The 1-year overall survival(OS) for patients underwent CH for hepatocellular car-cinoma ranged from 67% to 94%; with the 3-year and 5-year OS having a reported range of 44% to 66.8%, and 31.7% to 66.8% respectively. CONCLUSION: Based on current literature, CH is a promising option for anatomical parenchymal-preserv-ing procedure in patients with centrally located liver malignancies; it appears to be safe and comparable in both perioperative, early and long term outcomes when compared to patients undergoing hemi-/extended hepatectomy. More prospective studies are awaited to further define its role. | Ser Yee Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，5： | 15 |
| 14 | 美国临床药学学科60年发展概况显示文摘目的介绍美国临床药学领域进展情况,为我国临床药学学科发展提供借鉴参考。方法通过Pubmed、中国知网等工具检索介绍美国临床药学教育、毕业后培训以及临床药学实践相关文献,结合美国专家学术报告内容,了解美国临床药学学科进展情况。结果经过60年发展,美国临床药学教育、毕业后培训及临床药学实践已形成较完善体系。Pharm.D已成为药师从业的唯一准入学位。美国药学教育越来越重视对学生能力的培养,注重药学实践的实际需求。完成PGY1项目培训已被作为从事临床药学实践的基本要求,完成PGY2项目培训并取得专业资格证书已逐渐成为在特殊专业领域工作的必需要求。药学实践不断实现专科化、标准化。临床药学研究主要针对临床药学服务及相关问题,而不是进行基础性药学科学研究。临床药学研究促进了临床药学学科发展和临床药学服务的有效实施。通过药学专业委员会(BPS)的专业资格认证保证了临床药师的专业胜任力。结论美国临床药学学科体系经过60年发展已趋于完善,相关经验值得我们学习和借鉴。 | 余自成 Gary C YEE 朱珠 Wafa Y.DAHDAL | 2019 | 中国临床药学杂志2019，28，3： | 14 |
| 15 | Helicobacter pylori colonization of the oral cavity:Amilestone discovery显示文摘Over the past several years, the severity of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infections has not significantly diminished. After successful eradication, the annual H. pylori recurrence rate is approximately 13% due tooral H. pylori infection. Established clinical diagnostic techniques do not identify an oral etiologic basis of H. pylori prior to gastric infection. There has been disagreement as to whether oral infection of H. pylori exists or not, with no definite conclusion. In medical practice, negative results with the urea breath test suggest that the stomach infection of H. pylori is cured in these patients. In fact, patients can present negative urea breath test results and yet exhibit H. pylori infection due to oral infection. The present paper provides evidence that H. pylori oral infection is nonetheless present, and the oral cavity represents a secondary site for H. pylori colonization. | John KC Yee | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，2： | 13 |
| 16 | Molecular genetics and targeted therapeutics in biliary tractcarcinoma显示文摘The primary malignancies of the biliary tract, cholangio-carcinoma and gallbladder cancer, often present at an advanced stage and are marginally sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy. Accumulating evidence indicates that molecularly targeted agents may provide new hope for improving treatment response in biliary tract carcinoma(BTC). In this article, we provide a critical review of the pathogenesis and genetic abnormalities of biliary tract neoplasms, in addition to discussing the current and emerging targeted therapeutics in BTC. Genetic studies of biliary tumors have identified the growth factors and receptors as well as their downstream signaling pathways that control the growth and survival of biliary epithelia. Target-specific monoclonal antibodies and small molecules inhibitors directed against the signaling pathways that drive BTC growth and invasion have been developed. Numerous clinical trials designed to test these agents as either monotherapy or in combination with conventional chemotherapy have been completed or are currently underway. Research focusing on understanding the molecular basis of biliary tumorigenesis will continue to identify for targeted therapy the key mutations that drive growth and invasion of biliary neoplasms. Additional strategies that have emerged for treating this malignant disease include targeting the epigenetic alterations of BTC and immunotherapy. By integrating targeted therapy with molecular profiles of biliary tumor, we hope to provide precision treatment for patients with malignant diseases of the biliary tract. | Eric I Marks Nelson S Yee | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，4： | 13 |
| 17 | Prospective validation of %p2PSA and the Prostate Health Index, in prostate cancer detection in initial prostate biopsies of Asian men, with total PSA 4-10 ng ml-1显示文摘尽管有它为屏蔽的前列腺癌症的普遍使用,低特性使 PSA 成为非最优的 biomarker,特别在 4-10 ng ml 1 的诊断灰色的地区。假积极与伴随的病态导致不必要的活体检视。这在与在 4.0 和 10 ng ml 1 之间的全部的 PSA 介绍的亚洲人是 % p2PSA 和前列腺健康索引(PHI ) 的第一未来的确认研究。我们学习了在 50 和 75 岁之间的 157 个亚洲人,与每直肠的前列腺考试的正常,经历他们的第一前列腺活体检视,用一个标准化活体检视协议,为 4-10 ng ml 1 的 PSA 层次。(19.1%) 三十被发现在活体检视上有前列腺癌症。有或没有前列腺癌症的病人之间的统计上重要的差别被作出对有利的裁决全部的 PSA, p2PSA, % p2PSA,和 PHI。在为全部的 PSA, % fPSA, % p2PSA,和 PHI 操作典型曲线的接收装置的曲线下面的区域分别地是 0.479, 0.420, 0.695,和 0.794。PHI 最好预言 prostatic 活体检视结果。在 90% 的敏感, PHI 的特性(95% CI ) 是 58.3% ,多于在 17.3% 点使全部的 PSA 的特性增加两倍,潜在地避免 77 (49%) 不必要的活体检视。类似于研究在主要白种人人口,我们有希望地证明了 % p2PSA 和 PHI 极大地超过总数并且释放总计 PSA 比率,在前列腺癌症的察觉起初活体检视。更高的 PHI 层次也对应于增加检测 GS 7 癌症的风险。我们验证了 PHI 的使用与在 4 和 10 ng ml 1 之间的浆液 PSA 在亚洲人关于前列腺活体检视帮助决策。 | Lincoln GL Tan Yung Khan Tan Bee Choo Tai Karen ML Tan Vineet Gauhar Ho Yee Tiong Robert CW Hawkins Thomas P Thamboo Felicia SK Hong Edmund Chiong | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，3： | 13 |
| 18 | Environmental application of three-dimensional graphene materials as adsorbents for dyes and heavy metals: Review on ice-templating method and adsorption mechanisms显示文摘The remediation of wastewater requires treatment technologies which are robust, efficient,simple to operate and affordable such as adsorption. Lately, three-dimensional(3D)graphene based materials have attracted significant attention as effective adsorbents for wastewater treatment. The intrinsic properties of 3D graphene structure such as large surface area and interconnected porous structure can facilitate the transport of pollutants into the 3D network and provide abundant active sites for trapping the pollutants. For the synthesis of 3D graphene structure, ice-templating is commonly practiced due to its facile steps, cost effectiveness and high scalability potential. This review covers the icetemplating fabrication technique for 3D graphene based materials and their application as adsorbents in eliminating dyes and heavy metals from aqueous media. The assembly mechanisms of the ice-templating fsynthesis are comprehensively discussed. Further discussion on the fundamental principles, critical process parameters and characteristics of ice-templated 3D graphene structures is also included. A thorough review on the mechanisms for batch adsorption of dyes and heavy metals is presented based on the structures and properties of the 3D graphene materials. The review further evaluates the dynamic adsorption in packed columns and the regeneration of 3D graphene based materials. | Kar Chiew Lai Lai Yee Lee Billie Yan Zhang Hiew Suchithra Thangalazhy-Gopakumar Suyin Gan | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，5： | 13 |
| 19 | The interaction of versican with its binding partners显示文摘Versican belongs to the family of the large aggregating chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans located primarily within theextracellular matrix (ECM). Versican, like other members of its family, has unique N- and C-terminal globular regions,each with multiple motifs. A large glycosaminoglycan-binding region lies between them. This review will begin byoutlining these structures, in the context of ECM proteoglycans. The diverse binding partners afforded to versican byvirtue of its modular design will then be examined. These include ECM components, such as hyaluronan, type Icollagen, tenascin-R, fibulin-1, and -2, fibrillin-1, fibronectin, P- and L-selectins, and chemokines. Versican also binds tothe cell surface proteins CD44, integrin β1, epidermal growth factor receptor, and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1.These multiple interactors play important roles in cell behaviour, and the roles of versican in modulating such processesare discussed. | Yao Jiong WU David P. LA PIERRE Jin WU Albert J. YEE Burton B. YANG | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，7： | 13 |
| 20 | The interplay of host genetic factors and Epstein-Barr virus in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma显示文摘The interplay between host cell genetics and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV) infection contributes to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC). Understanding the host genetic and epigenetic alterations and the influence of EBV on cell signaling and host gene regulation will aid in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of NPC and provide useful biomarkers and targets for diagnosis and therapy. In this review, we provide an update of the oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes associated with NPC, as well as genes associated with NPC risk including those involved in carcinogen detoxification and DNA repair. We also describe the importance of host genetics that govern the human leukocyte antigen(HLA) complex and immune responses, and we describe the impact of EBV infection on host cell signaling changes and epigenetic regulation of gene expression. High-power genomic sequencing approaches are needed to elucidate the genetic basis for inherited susceptibility to NPC and to identify the genes and pathways driving its molecular pathogenesis. | Maria Li Lung Arthur Kwok Leung Cheung Josephine Mun Yee Ko Hong Lok Lung Yue Cheng Wei Dai | 2014 | Chinese Journal of Cancer2014，33，11： | 13 |
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