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| 1 | Regulation of the G1 phase of the mammalian cell cycle显示文摘In any multi-cellular organism, the balance between cell division and cell death maintains a constant cell number. Both cell division cycle and cell death are highly regulated events. Whether the cell will proceed through the cycle or not, depends upon whether the conditions required at the checkpoints during the cycle are fulfilled. In higher eucaryotic cells, such as mammalian cells, signals that arrest the cycle usually act at a G1 checkpoint. Cells that pass this restriction point are committed to complete the cycle. Regulation of the GI phase of the cell cycle is extremely complex and involves many different families of proteins such as retinoblastoma family cyclin dependent kinases, cyclins, and cyclic kinase inhibitors. | DONJERKOVIC DUBRRAVKA DAVID W SCOTT (Department of Immunology, Holland Laboratory for the Biomedical Sciences, American Red Cross, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD) | 2000 | Cell Research2000，10，1： | 18 |
| 2 | Activation-induced cell death in B lymphocytes显示文摘Upon encountering the antigen (Ag), the immune system can either develop a specific immune response or enter a specific state of unresponsiveness, tolerance. The response of B cells to their specific Ag can be activation and proliferation, leading to the immune response, or anergy and activation-induced cell death (AICD), leading to tolerance. AICD in B lymphocytes is a highly regulated event initiated by crosslinking of the B cell receptor (BCR). BCR engagement initiates several signaling events such as activation of PLCr, Ras, and PI3K, which generally speaking, lead to survival. However, in the absence of survival signals (CD40 or IL-4R engagement), BCR crosslinking can also promote apoptotic signal transduction pathways such as activation of effector caspases, expression of pro-apoptotic genes, and inhibition of pro-survival genes. The complex interplay between survival and death signals determines the B cell fate and, consequently, the immune response. | DONJERKOVIC DUBRAVKA, DAVID W SCOTT (Department of Immunology, Holland Laboratory for the Biomedical Sciences, American Red Cross, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD, 20855. USA) | 2000 | Cell Research2000，10，3： | 6 |
| 3 | Costimulation of resting B lymphocytes alters the IL-4-activated IRS2 signaling pathway in a STAT6 independent manner: implications for cell survival and proliferation显示文摘IL-4 is an important B cell survival and growth factor. IL-4 induced the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS2 in resting B lymphocytes and in LPS- or CD40L-activated blasts. Phosphorylated IRS2 coprecipitated with the p85 subunit of PI 3’ kinase in both resting and activated cells. By contrast, association of phosphorylated IRS2 with GRB2 was not detected in resting B cells after IL-4 treatment although both proteins were expressed. However, IL-4 induced association of IRS2 with GRB2 in B cell blasts. The pattern of IL-4- induced recruitment of p85 and GRB2 to IRS2 observed in B cells derived from STAT6 null mice was identical to that observed for normal mice. While IL-4 alone does not induce activation of MEK, a MEKI inhibitor suppressed the IL-4-induced proliferative response of LPS-activated B cell blasts. These results demonstrate that costimulation of splenic B cells alters IL-4-induced signal transduction independent of STAT6 leading to proliferation. Furthermore, proliferation induced by IL-4 in LPS-activated blasts is dependent upon the MAP kinase pathway. | ZAMORANO JOSE,Unidad de Investigacion, Hospital San Pedro de Alcantara, Avda Millan Astray, 10003 Caceres ANN E KELLY, JONATHAN AUSTRIAN, HELEN Y WANG, ACHSAH D KEEGAN (Department of Immunology, Jerome Holland Labs, American Red Cross, Rockville, MD, USA | 2001 | Cell Research2001，11，1： | 4 |
| 4 | The α_Mβ_2 integrin and its role in neutrophil function显示文摘Neutrophils are the first cell type to arrive at the in-jury sites and play a critical role in host defense, by virtueof its ability to adhere and transmigrate through endothe-lium, to phagocytose foreign pathogens, and to producefree oxygen radicals and proteolytic enzymes. Yet, inap-propriate neutrophil activation causes tissue damage andvarious inflammatory diseases. These physiological andpathological functions of neutrophils depend on the en-gagement of certain surface receptors, especially αMβ2,the ma jor β2 integrin receptor present on neutrophil sur-face. Understanding of the molecular mechanisms under-lying ligand binding by αMβ2, as well as the roles of αMβ2-ligand interactions in neutrophil functions will enable usto regulate more precisely neutrophil activities: that is,to promote their host defense functions, and at the sametime to minimize their deleterious effects on normal cells. | ZHANG LI (Department of Vascular Biology, American Red Cross,Holland La6oratory, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville,MD 20855 USA)Tel: 301-738-0657 Fax: 301-738-0465e-mail: zhangl@u8a.redcross. org | 1999 | Cell Research1999，9，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Neuroummunmodultion显示文摘 | RICHARD MD CROSS J | 1982 | Annals of Neurology1982，12，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Uric acid and serum antioxidant capaticyA reaction to atherosclerosis 显示文摘 | NIETRO FJ IRIBARREN C CROSS MD | 2000 | Thcresclerosis2000，148，： | 1 |
| 7 | Continuous positive airway pressure improves vascular function in obstructive sleep apnoea/ hypopnoea syndrome: a randomised controlled trial 显示文摘 | Cross MD Mills NL A1-Abri M | 2008 | Thorax2008，63，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Impact of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve blocks in the pediatric emergency department显示文摘 | Turner AL Stevenson MD Cross KP | 2014 | Pediatr Emerg Care2014，30，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Gastric injury induced by ethanol and ischemia-reperfusion in the rat显示文摘 | Gregory S. Smith PhD David W. Mercer MD James M. Cross MD Jose C. Barreto PhD Dr. Thomas A. Miller MD | 1996 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences1996，，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Continuous positive airway pressure improves vascular function in obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome:a randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Cross MD Mills NL Al-Abri M | 2008 | Thorax2008，63，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of addingdopexamine to intraoperative volume expansion in patientsundergoing major elective abdominal surgery 显示文摘 | Stone MD Wilson RJT Cross J | 2003 | Br J Anaesth2003，91，： | 1 |
| 12 | Advances in NSCLc : histologic distinction between ade- nocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma 显示文摘 | Cross MD | 2012 | MLO Med Lab Obs2012，44，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Impact of ultrasound-guided fem- oral nerve blocks in the pediatric emergency department 显示文摘 | Turner AL Stevenson MD Cross KP | 2014 | Pediatr Emerg Care2014，30，4： | 1 |
| 14 | The Clincal utility of maternal body mass index in pregnancy显示文摘 | Wolfe MD Zsdor PHD Cross MD | 1991 | AmJ Obster Gynecal1991，1641，： | 1 |
| 15 | Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection from eating raw snails 显示文摘 | New D Little MD Cross J | 1995 | N Engl J Med1995，332，16： | 1 |
| 16 | Axial diffusivity is the primary correlate of axonal injury in the experimental autoimmune encephalo- myelitis spinal cord:a quantitative pi:elwise analysis显示文摘 | Budde MD Xie M Cross AH | 2009 | J Neurosci2009，29，9： | 1 |
| 17 | Comparison of CPAP titration at home or the sleep laboratory in the sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome 显示文摘 | Cross MD Vennelle M Engleman HM | 2006 | J Sleep2006，29，11： | 1 |
| 18 | The clinical utility ofmaternal body mass index in pregnancy 显示文摘 | Wolfe MD Indor PHD Cross MD | 2010 | Am J ObstetGynecal2010，1641，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Continuous positive airway pressure improves vascular (unction in obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome:a randomised controlled trial显示文摘 | Cross MD Mills NL Al-Abri M | | Thoraxa0080，63，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Uric acid serum antioxidant capacity:a reaction to atherosclerosis显示文摘 | Nieto FJ Iribarren C Cross MD | 2000 | Atherosclerosis2000，148，2： | 1 |
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