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| 1 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Factor analysis identifies subgroups of constipation显示文摘AIM:To determine whether distinct symptom groupings exist in a constipated population and whether such grouping might correlate with quantifiable pathophysiological measures of colonic dysfunction.METHODS:One hundred and ninety-one patients presenting to a Gastroenterology clinic with constipation and 32 constipated patients responding to a newspaper advertisement completed a 53-item,wide-ranging selfreport questionnaire.One hundred of these patients had colonic transit measured scintigraphically.Factor analysis determined whether constipation-related symptoms grouped into distinct aspects of symptomatology.Cluster analysis was used to determine whether indi-vidual patients naturally group into distinct subtypes.RESULTS:Cluster analysis yielded a 4 cluster solution with the presence or absence of pain and laxative unresponsiveness providing the main descriptors.Amongst all clusters there was a considerable proportion of patients with demonstrable delayed colon transit,irritable bowel syndrome positive criteria and regular stool frequency.The majority of patients with these characteristics also reported regular laxative use.CONCLUSION:Factor analysis identified four constipation subgroups,based on severity and laxative unresponsiveness,in a constipated population.However,clear stratification into clinically identifiable groups remains imprecise. | Philip G Dinning Mike Jones Linda Hunt Sergio E Fuentealba Jamshid Kalanter Denis W King David Z Lubowski Nicholas J Talley Ian J Cook | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，11： | 3 |
| 3 | 向在人的察觉到钙的受体的 allosteric 药的结构的理解显示文摘allosterically 指向人的察觉到钙的受体(CaSR ) 的药有实质的治疗学的潜力,但是当前被限制。给 CaSR 的高分辨率的结构的缺席,我们把 mutagenesis 与一条新奇分析途径并且开发 “ 的分子的建模相结合; enriched”为在 Ca 2+ 在 CaSRs 7 transmembrane (7TM ) 以内的 o 和 allosteric 调节的人领域。修改多重有约束力的地点以适应在结构上的一个扩大的洞多样的 ligands 被识别。Phenylalkylamines 绑在与通常认为的 Ca 2+ o -binding 地点并且向一个细胞外的门厅延长。相反,在结构上和 pharmacologically 不同的 AC-265347 在 7TM 领域以内更深绑。而且,不同氨基酸网络被发现调停由不同调节的人的 cooperativity。这些调查结果可以与不同、潜在地偏导小径的药理学效果便于 allosteric 调节的人的合理设计。 | Katie Leach Karen J Gregory Irina Kufareva Elham Khajehali Anna E Cook Ruben Abagyan Arthur D Conigrave Patrick M Sexton Arthur Christopoulos | 2016 | Cell Research2016，26，5： | 2 |
| 4 | Rock mechanics ap - plied to the study of mckbursts 显示文摘 | Cook N G W Hook E Pretorious J P G | 1966 | J S Afr Inst Min Metall1966，66，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Software process validation:quantitatively measuring the correspondence of a process to a model显示文摘 | WOLF A L | 1999 | ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology1999，8，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Tree ring based drought reconstruction for the central Tien Shan area in Northwest China显示文摘 | Li J B Gou X H Cook E R | 2006 | Geophys Res Lett2006，，： | 1 |
| 7 | Diurnal variations in hydraulic conductivity and root pressure can be correlated with the expression of putative aquaporlns in the roots of Lotus japonicus显示文摘 | HENZLER T WATERHOUSE R N SMYTH A J CARVAJAL M COOKE D T SCHAFFNER A R STEUDLE E CLARKSOND T | 1999 | Planta1999，210，： | 1 |
| 8 | Test of the RCS method for preserving low-frequency variability in long tree-ring chronologies显示文摘 | Esper J Cook E D Schweingruber F H | 2003 | Tree-Ring Research2003，59，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Software process validation: quantitatively measuring the correspondence of a process to a model显示文摘 | Cook J E | 1999 | ACM Transactions on Software Engi- neering and Methodology1999，8，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Drought reconstruction for North Central China from tree rings= The value of the Palmer drought severity index显示文摘 | Li J B Chen F H Cook E R | 2007 | Int J Clim2007，27，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Atmospheric Corrosion of Different Steels in Marine, Rural and Industrial Environments 显示文摘 | Oh S J Cook D C Townsend H E | 1999 | Corrosion Science1999，41，3： | 1 |
| 12 | The deuterium to hydrogen ratios of sap in trees: implications for water sources and tree ring deuterium to hydrogen ratios显示文摘 | White J W C Cook E R Lawrence J R | 1985 | Geochimica Et Cosmochimiea Aeta1985，49，： | 1 |
| 13 | Phylogenetic analysis of Phytophthora species based on ITS1 and ITS2 sequences of the ribosomal RNA gene repeat显示文摘 | Cooke D E L Duncan J M | 1997 | Mycological Research1997，101，： | 1 |
| 14 | Three-dimensional seismic geomorphology of a deep-water slope-channel system:the Sequoia field, offshore west Nile Delta, Egypt显示文摘 | Cross N E Cunningham A Cook R J | 2008 | AAPG Bulletin2008，92，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Mechanism of friction in rotating carbon nanotube bearings 显示文摘 | Cook E H Buehler M J Spakovszky Z S | 2013 | Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids2013，61，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Benthic microalgal production in the Onslow Bay, North Carolina, USA 显示文摘 | Cahoon L B Cooke J E | 1992 | Marin Ecology Progress Series1992，84，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Three-dimen-sional seismic geomorphology of a deep-water slope-channelsystem:The Sequoia field,offshore west Nile Delta,Egypt显示文摘 | Cross N E Cunningham A Cook R J | 2009 | AAPG Bulletin2009，93，： | 1 |
| 18 | A molecular phylogeny of Phytophthora and related oomycetes显示文摘 | COOKE D E L DRENTH A DUNCAN J M | 2000 | Fungal Genetics and Biology2000，30，： | 1 |
| 19 | Rock mechanics applied to the study of rockbursts显示文摘 | Cook N G W,Hoek E,Pretorius J P G, | 1966 | Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and1966，66，10： | 1 |
| 20 | The prolactin gene is located on chromosome 6 in humans显示文摘 | OWERBACH D RUTTER W J COOKE N E | 1981 | Science1981，212，4496： | 1 |
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