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| 1 | Use of antibiotics in broiler production:Global impacts and alternatives显示文摘Antibiotics are used to fight bacterial infections.However, a selective pressure gave rise to bacteria resistant to antibiotics.This leaves scientists worried about the danger to human and animal health.Some strategies can be borrowed to reduce the use of antibiotics in chicken farms.Much research has been carried out to look for natural agents with similar beneficial effects of growth promoters.The aim of these alternatives is to maintain a low mortality rate, a good level of animal yield while preserving environment and consumer health.Among these, the most popular are probiotics, prebiotics, enzymes,organic acids, immunostimulants, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, phytogenic feed additives, phytoncides,nanoparticles and essential oils. | Youcef Mehdi Marie-Pierre Létourneau-Montminy Marie-Lou Gaucher Younes Chorfi Gayatri Suresh Tarek Rouissi Satinder Kaur Brar Caroline Cté Antonio Avalos Ramirez Stéphane Godbout | 2018 | Animal Nutrition2018，，2： | 19 |
| 2 | Management of early gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms显示文摘Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of the stomach, duo- denum, appendix or rectum that are small (≤ 1 cm) and well differentiated can be considered 'early' tumors, since they generally have a (very) good prognosis. In the new WHO classification of 2010, these neoplasms are called neuroendocrine tumors/ carcinoids (NETs), grade (G) 1 or 2, and distinguished from poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs), G3. NETs are increasing, with a rise in the age-adjusted incidence in the U.S.A. by about 700 % in the last 35 years. Improved early detection seems to be the main reason for these epidemiological changes. Both the better generalavailability of endoscopy, and imaging techniques, have led to a shift in the discovery of smaller-sized (≤ 10-20 mm) intestinal NETs/carcinoids and earlier tumor stages at diagnosis. Endoscopic screening is therefore effective in the early diagnosis, not only of colorectal adenocarcinomas, but also of NETs/carcinoids. Endoscopic removal, followed up with endoscopic surveillance is the treatment of choice in NETs/carcinoids of the stomach, duodenum and rectum that are ≤ 10 mm in size, have a low proliferative activity (G1), do not infiltrate the muscular layer and show no angioinvasion. In all the other intestinal NENs, optimal treatment generally needs surgery and/or medical therapy depending on type, biology and stage of the tumor, as well as the individual situation of the patient. | Hans Scherübl Robert T Jensen Guillaume Cadiot Ulrich Stlzel Günter Klppel | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2011，3，7： | 13 |
| 3 | Neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowels are on the rise:Early aspects and management显示文摘Neuroendocrine tumors of the small bowel are on the rise. In the US they have increased by 300%-500% in the last 35 years. At the same time their prognosis is much improved. Today,most neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the duodenum are detected 'incidentally' and therefore recognized at an early stage. Duodenal NETs which are well differentiated,not larger than 10 mm and limited to the mucosa/submucosa can be endoscopically resected. The management of duodenal NETs ranging between 10 and 20 mm needs an interdisciplinary discussion. Endoscopic ultrasound is the method of choice to determine tumor size and depth of infiltration. Surgery is recommended for well-differentiated duodenal NET tumors greater than 20 mm,for localized sporadic gastrinomas (of any size) and for localized poorly differentiated NE cancers. Surgery is recommended for any ileal NET. Advanced ileal NETs with a carcinoid syndrome are treated with longacting somatostatin analogs. This treatment significantly improves (progression-free) survival in patients with metastatic NETs of the ileum. For optimal NET management,tumor biology,type,localization and stage of the neoplasm,as well as the patient's individual circumstances have to be taken into account. | Hans Scherbl Robert T Jensen Guillaume Cadiot Ulrich Stlzel Gnter Klppel | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2010，2，10： | 10 |
| 4 | Hepatoprotective activity of brown alga Padina boergesenii against CCl_4 induced oxidative damage in Wistar rats显示文摘Objective:To investigate the protective effects of brown alga Padina boergesenii(P.boergeseii) against carbon tetrachloride(CCl4) induced oxidative damage and liver fibrosis in rats.Methods: To assess the hepatic damage liver weight,the activities of TBARS level,glutathione,SOD,CAT and GPx in circulation and liver.Results:The group of rats induced with CCl4 alone(2 mL/kg body weight),showed noticeable increase in the liver weight and TBARS level.Followed by, the level of antioxidant enzymes glutathione peroxidase,Superoxide dismutase and catalase was also significantly(P<0.01) diminished.Where as,the rats pretreated with P.boergesenii(150 mg/ kg body weight) modulated the CCl4 induced liver fibrosis.The level of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation products was found to be significandy(P<0.01) attenuated to near normal level, when compared with rats induced with CCL,alone.In order to assess the role of carotenoids in the relevant activity,total carotenoid content of the extract was analysed and found to be 0.59 mg/g fresh weight(FW).Further,the histopathogical studies provide a supportive evidence for this study to show the protective nature of P.boergesenii.Conclusions:The protective role of brown alga P.boergesenii extract has confirmed its potential activity through its antioxidant sparing actions against CCl4 induced free radical damage.However,the possible mechanism of hepatoprotection is rather speculative at this stage and investigations are underway to isolate and characterize the bioactive compounds from P.boergesenii. | Rajamani Karthikeyan ST Somasundaram T Manivasagam T Balasubramanian P Anantharaman | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，9： | 6 |
| 5 | CD133 expression is not restricted to stem cells, and both CD133^sup +^ and CD133^sup -^ metastatic colon cancer cells initiate tumors显示文摘 | Shmelkov Sergey V Butler Jason M Hooper Andrea T Hormigo Adilia Kushner Jared Milde Till Clair Ryan St Baljevic Muhamed White Ian Jin David K Chadburn Amy Murphy Andrew J Valenzuela David M Gale Nicholas W Thurston Gavin Yancopoulos George | 2008 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2008，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Percutaneous liver biopsy complicated by hemobilia-associated acute cholecystitis显示文摘肝活体检视通常被认为一只保险箱和高度有用的过程。它经常在众多的肝混乱为诊断和后续在一个门诊病人背景被执行。自从它在第 19 世纪,宽广经验,新成像技术和专辑的结束的介绍,针显著地减少了与肝活体检视联系的复杂并发症的率。肝的经皮的活体检视的已知的复杂并发症包括血腹膜,代替胶囊的血肿,低血压,气胸和败血。另外的 intra 腹的复杂并发症是不太普通的。胆道出血由于 arterio 胆汁的管管被描述了,它临床上仅仅很少被表示了为胆汁或胰腺炎。我们报导开发了在经皮的肝活体检视以后的 12 天在一个门诊病人背景执行了的严重尖锐胆汁的十五个 57 岁的男孩的一个案例。病原学清楚地被表明联系 hemobilia,并且临床的功课要求了 laparoscopic 胆囊炎的表演。起作用的柱子路线是平静的,病人回家被解除。经皮的肝活体检视是一个安全、通常执行的过程。然而,严重复杂并发症能偶尔发生。当处理这些稀罕事件时,医药、外科的选择应该被评估。 | Yair Edden Hugo St Hilaire Keith Benkov Michael T Harris | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，27： | 2 |
| 7 | B-cell receptor signaling in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells is regulated by overexpressed active protein kinase CbetalI 显示文摘 | Abrams ST Lakum T Lin K | 2007 | Blood2007，109，： | 1 |
| 8 | Early exclusive use of the affected forelimb after moderate transient focal ischemia in rats: functional and anatomic outcome显示文摘 | Bland ST Schallert T Strong R | 2000 | Stroke2000，31，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy on left ventricular size and function in chronic heart failure显示文摘 | St John Sutton MG Plappert T Abraham WT | 2003 | Circulation2003，107，15： | 1 |
| 10 | Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber显示文摘 | BIRKS T A KNIGHT J C RUSSELL P St J | 1997 | Opt Lett1997，22，96： | 1 |
| 11 | Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber显示文摘 | Birks T A Knight J C Russell P St J | 1997 | Opt Lett1997，22，13： | 1 |
| 12 | All si-lica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding显示文摘 | Knight J C Birks T A Russell P St J | 1996 | Optics Letters1996，21，19： | 1 |
| 13 | All-silica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding显示文摘 | KNIGHT J C BIRKS T A RUSSELL P St J | 1996 | Opt Lett1996，21，19： | 1 |
| 14 | Dependence of amygdala activation on echo time: results from olfactory fMRI experiments显示文摘 | St?cker T Kellermann T Schneider F | 2006 | Neuroimage2006，30，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Low dose propranolol for infantile haemangioma 显示文摘 | Tan ST Itinteang T Leadbitter P | 2011 | J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg2011，64，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on blue grama growth and mycorrhizal infection 显示文摘 | Hays R Reid C C P John T V St Coleman D C | 1982 | Oecologia1982，54，： | 1 |
| 17 | The significance of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma 显示文摘 | CHI-MAN TANG T TUNG-PING POON R FAN ST | 2005 | Biomed Pharmacother2005，59，2： | 1 |
| 18 | All-silica single-mode optic fiber with photonic with photonic Crystal cladding显示文摘 | KNIGHT J C BIRKS T A RUSSELL P St J | 1996 | Opt Lett1996，21，15： | 1 |
| 19 | The penetration of highly directional acoustic beams into sediments显示文摘 | Muir T G Horton C W St Thompson L A | 1979 | Journal of Sound and Vibration1979，64，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Endlessly single-mode photonic crystal fiber显示文摘 | BIRKS T A KNIGHT J C RUSSELL P St J | 1997 | Opt Lett1997，22，13： | 1 |
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