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| 1 | VEGF-D expression correlates with colorectal cancer aggressiveness and is downregulated by cetuximab显示文摘AIM:To gain mechanistic insights into the role played by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). METHODS:The impact of high-level expression of the growth factor receptors EGFR and VEGF receptor (VEGFR)3 and the VEGFR3 ligands VEGF-C and VEGF-D on disease progression and prognosis in human CRC was investigated in 108 patients using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the expression of the lymphangiogenic factors in response to the modulation of EGFR signalling by the EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibody cetuximab was investigated at the mRNA and protein level in human SW480 and SW620 CRC cell lines and a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS: Human CRC specimens and cell lines displayed EGFR, VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression with varying intensities. VEGF-C expression was associated with histological grade. Strong expression of VEGF-D was significantly associated with lymph node metastases and linked to a trend for decreased survival in lymph node-positive patients. EGFR blockade with cetuximab resulted in a significant decrease of VEGF-D expression in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION:In conclusion, the expression of VEGF-D in colorectal tumours is significantly associated with lymphatic involvement in CRC patients and such expression might be blocked effectively by cetuximab. | Markus Moehler Christian Frings Annett Mueller Ines Gockel Carl C Schimanski Stefan Biesterfeld Institute of Pathology Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz 55101 Germany Peter R Galle Martin H Holtmann | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，26： | 15 |
| 2 | Colon cancer and the immune system:The role of tumor invading T cells显示文摘Colon cancer is still one of the leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Although the host immune system has been shown to react against tumor cells, mainly through tumor infi ltrating lymphocytes and NK cells, tumor cells may utilize different ways to escape anti-tumor immune response. Tumor infi ltration of CD8+ and CD4+ (T-bet+) effector T cells has been attributed to a beneficial outcome, and the enhancement of T cell activation through T cell receptor stimulation and co-stimulatory signals provides promising strategies for immunotherapy of colon cancer. Growing evidence supports a role for the Fas/FasL system in tumor immunology, although the mechanisms and consequences of FasL activation in colon cancer are not completely understood. In animal models, depletion of regulatory T cells (CD4+ CD25+ T cells) can enhance the anti-tumor immune response under certain conditions. Taken together, recent insights in the immune reaction against colon carcinoma have provided new approaches to immunotherapy, although much remains to be learned about the exact mechanisms. | Maximilian Waldner Carl C Schimanski Markus F Neurath | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，45： | 15 |
| 3 | Capecitabine and irinotecan with and without bevacizumab for advanced colorectal cancer patients显示文摘AIM:To investigate the efficacy and safety of capecitabine plus irinotecan±bevacizumab in advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer patients. METHODS:Forty six patients with previously untreated,locally-advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC) were recruited between 2001-2006 in a prospective open-label phaseⅡtrial,in German community-based outpatient clinics.Patients received a standard capecitabine plus irinotecan(CAPIRI) or CAPIRI plus bevacizumab(CAPIRI-BEV) regimen every 3 wk. Dose reductions were mandatory from the first cycle in cases of>grade 2 toxicity.The treatment choice of bevacizumab was at the discretion of the physician.Theprimary endpoints were response and toxicity and secondary endpoints included progression-free survival and overall survival. RESULTS:In the CAPIRI group vs the CAPRI-Bev group there were more female than male patients(47% vs 24%) ,and more patients had colon as the primary tumor site(58.8%vs 48.2%) with fewer patients having sigmoid colon as primary tumor site(5.9%vs 20.7%) .Grade 3/4 toxicity was higher with CAPIRI than CAPIRI-Bev:82%vs 58.6%.Partial response rates were 29.4%and 34.5%,and tumor control rates were 70.6%and 75.9%,respectively.No complete responses were observed.The median progression-free survival was 11.4 mo and 12.8 mo for CAPIRI and CAPIRI-Bev,respectively.The median overall survival for CAPIRI was 15 mo(458 d) and for CAPIRI-Bev 24 mo(733 d) .These differences were not statistically different.In the CAPIRI-Bev,group,two patients underwent a full secondary tumor resection after treatment,whereas in the CAPIRI group no cases underwent this procedure. CONCLUSION:Both regimens were well tolerated and offered effective tumor growth control in this outpatient setting.Severe gastrointestinal toxicities and thromboembolic events were rare and if observed were never fatal. | Markus Moehler Martin F Sprinzl Murad Abdelfattah Carl C Schimanski Bernd Adami Werner Godderz Klaus Majer Dimitri Flieger Andreas Teufel Juergen Siebler Thomas Hoehler Peter R Galle Stephan Kanzler | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，4： | 10 |
| 4 | Chemokine receptor CXCR4-prognostic factor for gastrointestinal tumors显示文摘To review the implication of CXCR4 for gastrointestinal cancer, a 'Pubmed' analysis was performed in order to evaluate the relevance of CXCR4 and its ligands for gastrointestinal cancers. Search terms applied were 'cancer, malignoma, esophageal, gastric, colon, colorectal, hepatic, pancreatic, CXCR4, SDF-1α, and SDF-1b'. CXCR4 expression correlated with dissemination of diverse gastrointestinal malignomas. The CXCR4 ligand SDF-1α might act as 'chemorepellent' while SDF-1b might act as 'chemorepellent' for CTLs, inducing tumor rejection. The paracrine expression of SDF-1α was furthermore closely associated with neoangiogenesis. CXCR4 and its ligands influence the dissemination, immune rejection, and neoangiogenesis of human gastrointestinal cancers. Inhibition of CXCR4 might be an interesting therapeutic option. | Carl C Schimanski Peter R Galle Markus Moehler | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，30： | 7 |
| 5 | Osteoclast activity modulates B-cell development in the bone marrow显示文摘B 房间开发开是依赖的在 B 房间先锋和骨头髓 stromal 房间之间的相互作用,而是在这的骨破折(OCL ) 的角色处理未知的遗体。B lymphocytopenia 是 osteopetrosis 的一个特征,建议由 OCL 活动的 B 淋巴细胞增殖的调整。探讨这个问题,我们首先由树枝状的房间转移在 osteopetrotic oc/oc 鼠标救了 OCL 功能,导致骨头显型和 B 房间开发的恢复。为了推进,探索在 OCL 活动和 B 淋巴细胞增殖之间的连接,我们由 zoledronic 酸(ZA ) 的注射在正常老鼠导致了 osteopetrosis,骨头再吞的一个禁止者。B 房间数字在对待 ZA 的老鼠的骨头髓明确地减少了。ZA 直接没影响 B 房间区别,增长和 apoptosis,但是由 stromal 房间在 CXCL12 和 IL-7 的表示导致减少,与减少的 osteoblastic 约会联系了。在 oc/oc 老鼠的相等的低 osteoblastic 约会证实它在造骨细胞上源于减少的 OCL 活动而非从 ZA 的直接效果。骨头微型环境的这些戏剧的改变为 B 淋巴细胞增殖是不利的,导致在他们在导致 ZA 的 osteopetrotic 模型的骨头髓壁龛外面的 B 房间祖先的保留。总的来说,我们的数据表明 OCL 由控制骨头微型环境和造骨细胞的命运在骨头髓调制 B 房间开发。他们由 OCL 活动在他们的壁龛为 B 房间的保留的规定提供新奇基础。 | Anna Mansour | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，7： | 6 |
| 6 | Coexpression of receptor-tyrosine-kinases in gastric adenocarcinoma-a rationale for a molecular targeting strategy?显示文摘AIM: To define the (co-)expression pattern of target receptor-tyrosine-kinases (RTK) in human gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The (co-)expression pattern of VEGFR1-3,PDGFRα/b and EGFR1 was analyzed by RT-PCR in 51 human gastric adenocarcinomas. In addition,IHC staining was applied for confirmation of expression and analysis of RTK localisation. RESULTS: The majority of samples revealed a VEGFR1 (98%),VEGFR2 (80%),VEGFR3 (67%),PDGFRα (82%) and PDGFRβ(82%) expression,whereas only 62% exhibited an EGFR1 expression. 78% of cancers expressed at least four out of six RTKs. While VEGFR1-3 and PDGFRα revealed a predominantly cytoplasmatic staining in tumor cells,accompanied by an additional nuclear staining for VEGFR3 ,EGFR1 was almost exclusively detected on the membrane of tumor cells. PDGFRβ was restricted to stromal pericytes,which also depicted a PDGFRα expression.receptor-tyrosine-kinases coexpression in gastric adenocarcinoma and might therefore encourage an application of multiple-target RTK-inhibitors within a combination therapy. | Daniel Drescher Markus Moehler Ines Gockel Kirsten Frerichs Annett Müller Friedrich Dünschede Thomas Borschitz Stefan Biesterfeld Martin Holtmann Thomas Wehler Andreas Teufel Kerstin Herzer Thomas Fischer Martin R Berger Theodor Junginger Peter R Galle Carl C Schimanski | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，26： | 4 |
| 7 | Twenty-five years of research on the effects of exercise training in breast cancer survivors:A systematic review of the literature显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of exercise training the past 25 years on major physiological-psychological outcomes studied thus far in this patient population.METHODS:Pub Med, Medline Plus, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SportD iscus, Embase, Scorpus, and Google Scholar were searched from September to November 2013 to identify exercise training studies that used objective measurements of fitness and/or patient reported outcomes assessed pre and post-exercise training with statistical analyses performed in at least one of the following outcome measurements:Cardiorespiratory function, body composition, muscular strength, fatigue, depression, and overall quality of life. Five reviewers independently identified the studies that met the criteria for the review and discrepancies were resolved by consensus among all authors.RESULTS:Fifty-one studies were included in this review with 5 from the period between 1989-1999, 11 from 2000-2006, and 35 from 2007-2013. The evolution of study designs changed from aerobic only exercise training interventions(1989-1999), to a combination of aerobic and resistance training(2000-2006), to studies including an arm of resistance training or examining the effects of resistance training as the main mode of exercise(2007-2013). Overall, the benefits of exercise showed improvements in cardiorespiratory function, body composition, strength, and patient reported outcomes including fatigue, depression, and quality of life.CONCLUSION:Exercise training appears to be safe for most breast cancer patients and improvements in physiological, psychological, and functional parameters can be attained with regular participation in moderate intensity exercise. | Claudio L Battaglini Robert C Mills Brett L Phillips Jordan T Lee Christina E Story Marcelo GB Nascimento Anthony Carl Hackney | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 3 |
| 8 | rate of adverse events of gastroduodenal snare polypectomy for non-flat polyp is low: A prospective and multicenter study显示文摘AIM To evaluate the rate of adverse events(AEs) during consecutive gastric and duodenal polypectomies in several Spanish centers. METHODS Polypectomies of protruded gastric or duodenal polyps ≥ 5 mm using hot snare were prospectively included. Prophylactic measures of hemorrhage were allowed in predefined cases. AEs were defined and graded according to the lexicon recommended by the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Patients were followed for 48 h, one week and 1 mo after theprocedure. RESULTS308 patients were included and a single polypectomy was performed in 205. Only 36(11.7%) were on prior anticoagulant therapy. Mean polyp size was 15 ± 8.9 mm(5-60) and in 294 cases(95.4%) were located in the stomach. Hemorrhage prophylaxis was performed in 219(71.1%) patients. Nine patients presented AEs(2.9%), and 6 of them were bleeding(n = 6, 1.9%)(in 5 out of 6 AE, different types of endoscopic treatment were performed). Other 24 hemorrhagic episodes could be managed without any change in the outcome of the endoscopy and, consequently, were considered incidents. We did not find any independent risk factor of bleeding.CONCLUSION Gastroduodenal polypectomy using prophylactic measures has a rate of AEs small enough to consider this procedure a safe and effective method for polyp resection independently of the polyp size and location. | Henry Córdova Lidia Argüello Carme Loras Antonio Naranjo Rodríguez Faust Riu Pons Joan B Gornals David Nicolás-Pérez Xavier Andújar Murcia Luis Hernández Santos Santolaria Carles Leal Carles Pons Enrique Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles Orlando García-Bosch Michel Papo Berger José Luis Ulla Rocha Cristina Sánchez-Montes Gloria Fernández-Esparrach | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，47： | 3 |
| 9 | 有关麻醉剂的新见解显示文摘近年来社会、经济等多种因素促进着麻醉实践的变革,最引人嘱目的有:(1)非住院病人的外科手术中心发展很快,这就要求麻醉配合紧凑,苏醒迅速。(2)高龄危重及生理贮备差的手术病人数量剧增,麻醉手术过程中允许机体功能变动的范围相对较窄。(3)科技的发展也给选择麻醉剂和操作技术造成某些限制。为了满足这些特殊要求,新型麻醉药的研制常着眼于起效迅速苏醒快,对机体功能影响小,不良反应少,又可同时伍用其他药物。当前麻醉的目的是保证手术时无痛、神志消失、肌肉松弛,无焦虑紧张。但是,由于人群心血管疾病发生率的剧增,麻醉手术时保证病人血流动力稳定,心肌不过分抑制就很重要。因而某些抑制心肌功能的麻醉药用量就受到一定限制。 | Carl C Hug Jr. 丁强 | 1989 | 国外医学(外科学分册)1989，16，4： | 2 |
| 10 | Metabolism of phenanthrene by the marine cyanobacterium Agmenellum quadruplicatum PR-6 显示文摘 | Martha L N Carl E C Chase V B | 1992 | Applied and Environment Microbiology1992，58，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Ferrimagnetic mixed-valency and mixed-metal tris(oxalato)iron( Ⅲ ) compounds: synthesis, structure, and magnetism显示文摘 | Mathoniere C Nuttall C J Carling S G | 1996 | Inorng Chem1996，35，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Land Application of Sugar Beet By-products: Effects on Runoff and Percolating Water Ouality显示文摘 | Kumar Kuldip Rosen Carl J Satish C Gupta | 2009 | Journal of environmental quality2009，38，1： | 1 |
| 13 | LIGHT, a New Member of the TNF Superfamily, and Lymphotoxin α Are Ligands for Herpesvirus Entry Mediator显示文摘 | Davide N Mauri Reinhard Ebner Rebecca I Montgomery Kristine D Kochel Timothy C Cheung Guo-Liang Yu Steve Ruben Marianne Murphy Roselyn J Eisenberg Gary H Cohen Patricia G Spear Carl F Ware | 1998 | Immunity1998，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Functional properties of anthocyanins and betalains in plants, food, and in human nutrition 显示文摘 | Stintzing F C Carle R | 2004 | Trends Food Sci Technol2004，15，： | 1 |
| 15 | Evaluation of fruit authenticity and determination of the fruit content of fruit products using FT-NIR spectroscopy of cell wall components显示文摘 | KURZ C LEITENBERGER M CARLE R | 2010 | Food Chemistry2010，119，： | 1 |
| 16 | Functional properities of antho- cyanins and betalains in plants, food,and in human nutrition 显示文摘 | STINGZING F C CARLE R | 2004 | Trends in Food Science and Technology2004，15，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Multilateral productivity comparisons when some outputs are undesirable : A nonparametrie approach显示文摘 | Fare Roll Shawna Grosskopf Lovetl C A K Carl Pasurka | 1989 | Review of Economies and Statistics1989，71，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The plausibility of micronutrient deficiencies being a significant contributing factor to the occurrence of pregnancy complications 显示文摘 | Carl L K Michael S C Lynn A H | 2003 | J Nutr2003，133，： | 1 |
| 19 | Design and internal validation of an obstetric early warning score : secondary analysis of the Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre Case Mix Programme database显示文摘 | Carle C Alexander P Columb M | 2013 | Anaesthesia2013，68，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Glass-ceramics with preferred oriented of Li2Si2O5 produced by extrusion below crystalline temperature and subsequent heat treatment显示文摘 | Carl G Russel C | 1994 | Glastech Ber Glass Technol1994，67，6： | 1 |
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