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| 1 | Acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome: A blinded placebo-controlled trial显示文摘AIM: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder and many patients fail to find adequate relief from conventional therapies for their symptoms. This study tests the claim that acupuncture is effective for a majority of these patients.METNODS: A prospective, blinded, sham acupuncturecontrolled trial of traditional Chinese acupuncture was performed at a single postgraduate teaching hospital in Europe. Sixty patients with well-established IBS were recruited. The blinded comparator was sham acupuncture administered by the second of two acupuncturists who alone was aware of the randomization, and who otherwise followed the prescription of the first. The primary endpoint was a defined fall in the symptom score at 13 wk (by intention to treat). The prior expectation was a 30%placebo response, and a response rate of 70% from acupuncture, for which the study was adequately powered.RESULTS: Patients in treated and sham groups improved significantly during the study-mean improvement in scores being equal (minus 1.9) and significant for both (P<0.05;one-tailed t test). There was a small numeric but nonsignificant difference between the response rate in patients receiving acupuncture (40.7%) and sham treatment (31.2%). Several secondary end-points marginally favored active treatment, but an improved symptom score of any degree of magnitude occurred more often with sham therapy (65.6% vs 59.2%). For no criterion was statistical significance approached.CONCLUSION: Traditional Chinese acupuncture is relatively ineffective in IBS in the European hospital setting,and the magnitude of any effect appears insufficient to warrant investment in acupuncture services. | Alastair Forbes Sue Jackson Clare Walter Shafi Quraishi Meron Jacyna Max Pitcher | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，26： | 22 |
| 2 | Volar locking distal radius plates show better short-term results than other treatment options: A prospective randomised controlled trial显示文摘AIM To compare the outcomes of displaced distal radius fractures treated with volar locking plates and with immediate postoperative mobilisation with the outcomes of these fractures treated with modalities that necessitate 6 wk wrist immobilisation.METHODS A prospective, randomised controlled single-centre trial was conducted with 56 patients who had a displaced radius fracture were randomised to treatment either with a volar locking plate(n = 29), or another treatment modality(n = 27; cast immobilisation with or without wires or external fixator). Outcomes were measured at 12 wk. Functional outcome scores measured were the Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation(PRWE) Score; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand and activities of daily living(ADLs). Clinical outcomes were wrist range of motion and grip strength. Radiographic parameters were volar inclination and ulnar variance.RESULTS Patients in the volar locking plate group had significantly better PRWE scores, ADL scores, grip strength and range of extension at three months compared with the control group. All radiological parameters were significantly better in the volar locking plate group at 3 mo. CONCLUSION The present study suggests that volar locking plates produced significantly better functional and clinical outcomes at 3 mo compared with other treatment modalities. Anatomical reduction was significantly more likely to be preserved in the plating group. Level of evidence: Ⅱ. | Herwig Drobetz Lidia Koval Patrick Weninger Ruth Luscombe Paula Jeffries Stefan Ehrendorfer Clare Heal | 2016 | World Journal of Orthopedics2016，7，10： | 18 |
| 3 | Retinopathy of prematurity: an epidemic in the making显示文摘探索阻止并且对待早熟( ROP )的严重 retinopathy 的病原学,发生和方法的目的,它很快在早熟的婴儿的增加的数字是在这评论使用的数据主要从用英语出版的 Medline 和 PubMed 的 surviving.Data 来源的世界的区域正在成为威胁到婴儿的视觉。搜索词是“早熟和早熟的出生的 retinopathy ”我们讨论的 .Study 选择历史的观点,流行和发生,在为有严重 ROP 的眼睛的外部网膜的脱离能帮助的早熟的 babies.Results 的 ROP 的分类和处理方法阻止前进到盲目和几大临床的试用在高风险眼睛显示出这个处理的有效性。作为婴儿们熬过的 VLBW 和 ELBW 的一个更大的比例,在风险的婴儿的人口增加。在世界的各种各样的区域,不同鉴定标准作为需要被用来决定哪个婴儿在盲目的风险以便提供及时诊断考试和处理。为 preventiing ROP 的方法包括处于早熟,胎儿的 corticosteroids 的使用,和更好新生的照顾惯例的率导致减小的更好胎儿、产科的照顾。最近的开发显示了氧补充的管理为严重 ROP 的预防是重要的;然而,有还没知道浸透目标什么氧应该被采用。败血增加严重 ROP 在很 preterm 婴儿。基因协会和一条 telemedicine 途径可以被探索检测 ROP。 anti-VEGF 治疗的处理在有严重 ROP 的眼睛是潜在地有用的,但是长期的效果还没被知道,如此的处理应该与大 caution.Conclusions ROP 被使用是为与在最近的年里在许多国家改进新生的服务的发展正在变得更流行的早熟的婴儿的潜在地有约束力的疾病。高优先级应该被放在开发途径由减少 preterm 出生阻止 ROP 盲目上,改进以新生的照顾单位的早熟的婴儿的照顾,并且在那些区域提供足够的眼科的服务。 | Graham E. Quinn Clare Gilbert Brian A. Darlow Andrea Zin | 2010 | Chinese Medical Journal2010，，20： | 17 |
| 4 | Promotion of the articular cartilage proteoglycan degradation by T-2 toxin and selenium protective effect显示文摘Objective: To identify the relationship between T-2 toxin and Kashin-Beck disease (KBD),the effects of T-2 toxin on aggrecan metabolism in human chondrocytes and cartilage were investigated in vitro. Methods: Chondrocytes were isolated from human articular cartilage and cultured in vitro. Hyaluronic acid (HA),soluble CD44 (sCD44),IL-1β and TNF-α levels in super-natants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). CD44 content in chondrocyte membrane was deter-mined by flow cytometry (FCM). CD44,hyaluronic acid synthetase-2 (HAS-2) and aggrecanases mRNA levels in chondrocytes were determined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunocytochemical method was used to investigate expressions of BC-13,3-B-3(-) and 2-B-6 epitopes in the cartilage reconstructed in vitro. Results: T-2 toxin inhibited CD44,HAS-2,and aggrecan mRNA expressions,but promoted aggrecanase-2 mRNA expression. Meanwhile,CD44 expression was found to be the lowest in the chondrocytes cultured with T-2 toxin and the highest in control plus selenium group. In addition,ELISA results indicated that there were higher sCD44,IL-1β and TNF-α levels in T-2 toxin group. Similarly,higher HA levels were also observed in T-2 toxin group using radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA). Furthermore,using monoclonal antibodies BC-13,3-B-3 and 2-B-6,strong positive immunostaining was found in the reconstructed cartilage cultured with T-2 toxin,whereas no positive staining or very weak staining was observed in the cartilage cultured without T-2 toxin. Selenium could partly inhibit the effects of T-2 toxin above. Conclusion: T-2 toxin could inhibit aggrecan synthesis,promote aggrecanases and pro-inflammatory cytokines production,and consequently induce aggrecan degradation in chondrocytes. These will perturb metabolism balance between aggrecan synthesis and degradation in cartilage,inducing aggrecan loss in the end,which may be the initiation of the cartilage degradation. | Si-yuan LI Jun-ling CAO Zhong-li SHI Jing-hong CHEN Zeng-tie ZHANG Clare E. HUGHES Bruce CATERSON | 2008 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2008，9，1： | 16 |
| 5 | Ca^(2+) signalling in cardiovascular disease:the role of the plasma membrane calcium pumps显示文摘The plasma membrane calcium ATPases(PMCA) are a family of genes which extrude Ca2+from the cell and are involved in the maintenance of intracellular free calcium levels and/or with Ca2+signalling,depending on the cell type.In the cardiovascular system,Ca2+ is not only essential for contraction and relaxation but also has a vital role as a second messenger in signal transduction pathways.A complex array of mechanisms regulate intracellular free calcium levels in the heart and vasculature and a failure in these systems to maintain normal Ca2+homeostasis has been linked to both heart failure and hypertension.This article focuses on the functions of PMCA,in particular isoform 4(PMCA4) ,in the heart and vasculature and the reported links between PMCAs and contractile function,cardiac hypertrophy,cardiac rhythm and sudden cardiac death,and blood pressure control and hypertension.It is becoming clear that this family of calcium extrusion pumps have essential roles in both cardiovascular health and disease. | Elizabeth J.CARTWRIGHT Delvac OCEANDY Clare AUSTIN Ludwig NEYSES | 2011 | Science China(Life Sciences)2011，54，8： | 12 |
| 6 | 1988-2008全球盲的改变显示文摘一、视力损害的患病率
1.人口的改变当
1988年社区健康杂志开始发行时,世界人口是约51亿,20年后,这一数字已经增加了约30%,达到67亿;同时,世界人口的老龄化也非常明显,20年间65岁以上的老人增长了55%,从3.2亿增加到5亿,而已有的证据表明视力损害的患病率在老年人中要高的多。 | Allen Foster Clare Gilbert Gordon Johnson 顾永昊 | 2009 | 实用防盲技术2009，4，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Epirubicin, oxaliplatin, and capecitabine with or without panitumumab for patients with previously untreated advanced oesophagogastric cancer (REAL3): a randomised, open-label phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Tom Waddell Ian Chau David Cunningham David Gonzalez Alicia Frances Clare Okines Andrew Wotherspoon Claire Saffery Gary Middleton Jonathan Wadsley David Ferry Wasat Mansoor Tom Crosby Fareeda Coxon David Smith Justin Waters Timothy Iveson Stephen Falk Sar | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，6： | 10 |
| 8 | Characterisation and risk assessment of venous thromboembolism in gastrointestinal cancers显示文摘AIM To characterise venous thromboembolism(VTE) in gastrointestinal cancer and assess the clinical utility of risk stratification scoring. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis using electronic patient records of 910 gastro-oesophageal(GO) cancer and 1299 colorectal cancer(CRC) patients referred to a tertiary cancer centre to identify the incidence of VTE, its relationship to chemotherapy and impact on survival.VTE risk scores were calculated using the Khorana index. Patients were classified as low risk(0 points), intermediate risk(1 to 2 points) or high risk(3 points). Data was analysed to determine the sensitivity of the Khorana score to predict VTE. RESULTS The incidence of VTE was 8.9% for CRC patients and 9.7% for GO cancer patients. Pulmonary emboli(PE) were more common in advanced than in localised CRC(50% vs 21% of events respectively) and lower limb deep vein thrombosis(DVT) were more common in localised than in advanced CRC(62% vs 39% of events respectively). The median time to VTE from cancer diagnosis was 8.3 mo for CRC patients compared to 6.7 mo in GO cancer. In localised CRC median time to VTE was 7.1 mo compared with 10.1 mo in advanced CRC. In contrast in GO cancer, the median time to VTE was 12.5 mo in localised disease and 6.8 mo in advanced disease. No survival difference was seen between patients with and without VTE in this cohort. The majority of patients with CRC in whom VTE was diagnosed had low or intermediate Khorana risk score(94% for localised and 97% in advanced CRC). In GO cancer, all patients scored either intermediate or high risk due to the primary site demonstrating a limitation of the risk assessment score in discriminating high and low risk patients with GO cancers. Additional risk factors were identified in this cohort including surgery, chemotherapy or hospital admission. Overall, 81% of patients with CRC and 77% of patients with GO cancer had one or more of these factors within 4 wk prior to diagnosis VTE. These should be factored into clinical risk assessment scores. CONCLUSION The Khorana score has low sensitivity for thrombotic events in CRC and cannot discriminate low risk patients in high risk cancer sites such as GO cancer. | Robert L Metcalf Eamon Al-Hadithi Nicholas Hopley Thomas Henry Clare Hodgson Antony McGurk Wasat Mansoor Jurjees Hasan | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2017，9，9： | 10 |
| 9 | Microstructure and properties of Ti-6Al-4V fabricated by low-power pulsed laser directed energy deposition显示文摘Thin-wall structures of Ti-6A1-4V were fabricated by low-power pulsed laser directed energy deposition. During deposition, consistent with prior reports, columnar grains were observed which grew from the bottom toward the top of melt pool tail. This resulted in a microstructure mainly composed of long and thin prior epitaxial β columnar grains (average width ^200μm). A periodic pattern in epitaxial growth of grains was observed, which was shown to depend upon laser traverse direction. Utilizing this, a novel means was proposed to determine accurately the fusion boundary of each deposited layer by inspection of the periodic wave patterns. As a result it was applied to investigate the influence of thermal cycling on microstructure evolution. Results showed that acicular martensite,α' phase, and a small amount of Widmanstatten, a laths, gradually converted to elongated acicular a and a large fraction of Widmanstatten a laths under layer-wise thermal cycling. Tensile tests showed that the yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of Ti-6Al-4V thin wall in the build direction were 9.1 %, 17.3% and 42% higher respectively than those typically observed in forged solids of the same alloy. It also showed the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the transverse tensile samples both were 13.3% higher than those from the build direction due to the strengthening effect of a large number of vertical β grain boundaries, but the elongation was 69.7% lower than that of the build direction due to the uneven grain deformation of β grains. | Hua Tan Mengle Guo Adam T. Clare Xin Lin Jing Chen Weidong Huang | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，9： | 5 |
| 10 | 成年精神病与精神分裂症患者的管理:MCE最新指南概要显示文摘这是新指南系列BMJ概述中的一个,这些指南都是基于现有的最佳证据制定的;他们突出了临床实践中的重要建议,尤其是那些不确定或具争议性的方面。 | Elizabeth Kuipers Amina Yesufu- Udechuku Clare Taylor Tim Kendall 王琰 何燕玲 | 2014 | 英国医学杂志中文版2014，，4： | 5 |
| 11 | Reactive Oxygen Species and Oxidative Stress in the Pathogenesis of MAFLD显示文摘The pathogenesis of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is complex and thought to be dependent on multiple parallel hits on a background of genetic susceptibility.The evidence suggests that MAFLD progression is a dynamic two-way process relating to repetitive bouts of metabolic stress and inflammation interspersed with endogenous anti-inflammatory reparative responses.In MAFLD,excessive hepatic lipid accumulation causes the production of lipotoxins that induce mitochondrial dysfunction,endoplasmic reticular stress,and over production of reactive oxygen species(ROS).Models of MAFLD show marked disruption of mitochondrial function and reduced oxidative capacitance with impact on cellular processes including mitophagy,oxidative phosphorylation,and mitochondrial biogenesis.In excess,ROS modify insulin and innate immune signaling and alter the expression and activity of essential enzymes involved in lipid homeostasis.ROS can also cause direct damage to intracellular structures causing hepatocyte injury and death.In select cases,the use of anti-oxidants and ROS scavengers have been shown to diminish the proapoptopic effects of fatty acids.Given this link,endogenous anti-oxidant pathways have been a target of interest,with Nrf2 activation showing a reduction in oxidative stress and inflammation in models of MAFLD.Thyroid hormone receptorβ(THRβ)agonists and nuclear peroxisome proliferationactivated receptor(PPAR)family have also gained interest in reducing hepatic lipotoxicity and restoring hepatic function in models of MAFLD.Unfortunately,the true interplay between the clinical and molecular components of MAFLD progression remain only partly understood.Most recently,multiomics-based strategies are being adopted for hypothesis-free analysis of the molecular changes in MAFLD.Transcriptome profiling maps the unique genotype-phenotype associations in MAFLD and with various single-cell tran scriptome-based projects underway,there is hope of novel physiological insights to MAFLD progression and uncover therapeutic targets. | Kathleen Clare John F.Dillon Paul N.Brennan | 2022 | Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology2022，10，5： | 5 |
| 12 | Modulating Wnt signaling to improve cell replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease显示文摘临床的试用为多巴胺神经原表明了能力,宫外地移植了进 striatum 到 structurallyintegrate ,恢复多巴胺传播,并且导致长期的功能的好处因为 Parkinson 是疾病( PD ) patients.Despite 原则的这个证明,很多限制在 thepast 上妨碍了房间代替治疗的开发 20 年,特别地主机大脑的织物可获得性,接枝幸存,和足够的神经分布。与在优先的临床的试用的失败的 greaterunderstanding,增加了中脑多巴胺的知识开发(包括 Wnts 的现在) ,和 pluripotent 干细胞技术的发展,我们更好比平常被装备使重新致力很多 thesechallenges。这评论为 PD 在房间代替治疗总结试用,磨难,和进步。我们讨论正规的 modulating 和发信号改进在 dopamineneural 开发和成年大脑在他们的角色之上基于的房间治疗的不在经典中的 Wnt 的 theprospects。这将包括 Wnts 的潜力到(i) 在 vitro 和后面的移植扩展胎儿地导出的织物,(ii ) 支持 pluripotent 干细胞的区别,(iii ) 增加神经电路的接枝 integrationand 恢复,并且(iv ) 最后提高接枝幸存。 | Clare L. Parish Lachlan H. Thompson | 2014 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2014，8，1： | 5 |
| 13 | First-principles calculations of the dissolution and coalescence properties of Pt nanoparticle ORR catalysts: The effect of nanoparticle shape显示文摘在燃料房间阴极的磅 nanoparticles (NP ) 的降级导致宝贵金属催化剂的损失。当磅溶解上的 NP 尺寸的效果广泛地被学习了时, NP 形状的影响大部分是未经勘探的。因为到控制的试验性的方法的最近的发展金属 NP 的形状, NP 稳定性上的形状效果上的合理指南 / 卓见是必要的。在这研究,第一原则的计算基于密度,功能的理论被进行关于 NP 对磅溶解和结合决定 12 nm 磅 NP 的稳定性形状。向溶解,磅 NP 的稳定性在下列顺序增加:六角形的拥挤不堪的 NP 被发现在下列顺序增加:六角形拥挤不堪 < 截断八面 < cuboctahedral < icosahedral,并且与粒子的连贯的精力被相关。由联合形状的典型稳定性,新连接金属的基于磅的 coreshell 体系结构被建议那应该是比关于溶解和结合的纯磅 nanoparticles 更稳定的。 | Mary Clare Sison Escano | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Risk of Melanoma and Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Among Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease显示文摘 | Millie D. Long Christopher F. Martin Clare A. Pipkin Hans H. Herfarth Robert S. Sandler Michael D. Kappelman | 2012 | Gastroenterology2012，，2： | 4 |
| 15 | 加拿大如何创造一流的奶牛遗传物质显示文摘 | 张文灿 CLARE RENNIE | 2001 | 中国奶牛2001，，3： | 4 |
| 16 | 山东省盲校盲童致盲原因调查显示文摘目的 确定山东省盲校 16岁以下盲生致盲的解剖及发病原因 ,为防治儿童盲提供依据。方法 用WHO儿童视力障碍检查法对山东省 11所盲校盲生进行检查、诊断。结果 2 75名 16岁以下盲生中 ,2 5 8人为严重视障或盲 ,占 93.8% ;主要病变部位为全眼球、视网膜、晶状体、视神经 ;主要致盲原因为先天异常及遗传性眼病 ;2 6 .8%为潜在性可防治盲 ,以先天性白内障、青光眼为主。结论 本调查一定程度上反映了山东省儿童盲的现状 ,营养性及感染性盲病少见 。 | 肖云皋 李蕴秀 江春光 Stella Horuby Clare Gilbert | 2001 | 临床眼科杂志2001，9，2： | 4 |
| 17 | Cochrane协作网:21世纪第一个十年间Cochrane系统评价组内的国际性活动显示文摘Cochrane协作网(www.cochrane.org)是世界上最大的致力于制作、保存和提升卫生保健干预效果系统评价可及性的国际组织。它拥有100多个参与国,主要与负责制作和保存Cochrane系统评价的各Cochrane系统评价组相关。从2000年起,依靠散在各国的各Cochrane系统评价组活跃成员已完成系统评价的定期审核。至2010年初,协作网已从2000年约5 500人增加至近28 000人。Cochrane活动发展迅速,Cochrane系统评价和计划书的作者人数增长尤为突出。2000年,各Cochrane系统评价组有2 840个注册作者。到2010年初,注册作者数已升至21 000人以上。 | Clare Alan Kley Richmond 李萃萃 王应强 李幼平 张鸣明 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，10： | 4 |
| 18 | A tailored,electronic textile conformable suit for large-scale spatiotemporal physiological sensing in vivo显示文摘The rapid advancement of electronic devices and fabrication technologies has further promoted the field of wearables and smart textiles.However,most of the current efforts in textile electronics focus on a single modality and cover a small area.Here,we have developed a tailored,electronic textile conformable suit(E-TeCS)to perform large-scale,multimodal physiological(temperature,heart rate,and respiration)sensing in vivo.This platform can be customized for various forms,sizes and functions using standard,accessible and high-throughput textile manufacturing and garment patterning techniques.Similar to a compression shirt,the soft and stretchable nature of the tailored E-TeCS allows intimate contact between electronics and the skin with a pressure value of around~25 mmHg,allowing for physical comfort and improved precision of sensor readings on skin.The E-TeCS can detect skin temperature with an accuracy of 0.1℃ and a precision of 0.01℃,as well as heart rate and respiration with a precision of 0.0012 m/s^(2) through mechano-acoustic inertial sensing.The knit textile electronics can be stretched up to 30%under 1000 cycles of stretching without significant degradation in mechanical and electrical performance.Experimental and theoretical investigations are conducted for each sensor modality along with performing the robustness of sensor-interconnects,washability,and breathability of the suit.Collective results suggest that our E-TeCS can simultaneously and wirelessly monitor 30 skin temperature nodes across the human body over an area of 1500 cm2,during seismocardiac events and respiration,as well as physical activity through inertial dynamics. | Irmandy Wicaksono Carson ITucker Tao Sun Cesar A.Guerrero Clare Liu Wesley M.Woo Eric J.Pence Canan Dagdeviren | 2020 | npj Flexible Electronics2020，4，1： | 4 |
| 19 | Effect of a combined inversion and plantarflexion surface on ankle kinematics and EMG activities in landing显示文摘目的:探寻下落在内翻结合跖屈表面时踝关节运动学参数和腓肠肌内侧、腓骨长肌、胫骨前肌的肌电活动情况。方法:12名运动员从30 cm高度下落时3种不同条件的表面:平面、25°内翻表面、25°内翻结合25°跖屈表面,每种条件分别采集5次落地。用单因素方差分析运动学参数,同时采用3×3双因素方差分析3种肌肉的积分肌电值(p<0.05)。结果:积分肌电值结果显示不同肌肉和表面之间存在交互作用。下落于平面时胫骨前肌的肌电活动高于另两种表面。相比较平面,下落于内翻表面的最大内翻角度和角速度明显提高,但腓骨长肌的肌电活动却相似。此外,下落于内翻结合跖屈的表面,其腓肠肌的积分肌电、踝关节的跖屈角度和内翻的关节活动度明显高于25°的内翻表面。结论:与单纯的内翻表面相比,内翻结合跖屈的表面在下落时会产生更不稳定的落地状况,从而更易造成踝关节扭伤。 | Divya Bhaskaran Michael Wortley Qingjian Chen Clare E. Milner Eugene C. Fitzhugh Songning Zhang | 2015 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2015，4，4： | 4 |
| 20 | Efficacy of HPV-based screening for prevention of invasive cervical cancer: follow-up of four European randomised controlled trials显示文摘 | Guglielmo Ronco Joakim Dillner K Miriam Elfstr?m Sara Tunesi Peter J F Snijders Marc Arbyn Henry Kitchener Nereo Segnan Clare Gilham Paolo Giorgi-Rossi Johannes Berkhof Julian Peto Chris J L M Meijer | 2013 | The Lancet2013，，： | 3 |
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