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| 1 | Shellfish allergy and relation to iodinated contrast media: United Kingdom survey显示文摘AIM: To assess current practice of United Kingdom cardiologists with respect to patients with reported shellfish/iodine allergy, and in particular the use of iodinated contrast for elective coronary angiography.Moreover we have reviewed the current evidence-base and guidelines available in this area.METHODS: A questionnaire survey was send to 500senior United Kingdom cardiologists(almost 50% cardiologists registered with British Cardiovascular Society)using email and first 100 responses used to analyze practise. We involved cardiologists performing coronary angiograms routinely both at secondary and tertiary centres. Three specific questions relating to allergy were asked:(1) History of shellfish/iodine allergy in pre-angiography assessment;(2) Treatments offeredfor shellfish/iodine allergy individuals; and(3) Any specific treatment protocol for shellfish/iodine allergy cases. We aimed to establish routine practice in United Kingdom for patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. We also performed comprehensive PubMed search for the available evidence of relationship between shellfish/iodine allergy and contrast media.RESULTS: A total of 100 responses were received, representing 20% of all United Kingdom cardiologists. Ninety-three replies were received from consultant cardiologists, 4 from non-consultant grades and 3 from cardiology specialist nurses. Amongst the respondents, 66% routinely asked about a previous history of shellfish/iodine allergy. Fifty-six percent would pre-treat these patients with steroids and anti-histamines. The other 44% do nothing, or do nonspecific testing based on their personal experience as following:(1) Skin test with 1 mL of subcutaneous contrast before intravenous contrast;(2) Test dose 2 mL contrast before coronary injection;(3) Close observation for shellfish allergy patients; and(4) Minimal evidence that the steroid and anti-histamine regime is effective but it makes us feel better.CONCLUSION: There is no evidence that allergy to shellfish alters the risk of reaction to intravenous contrast more than any other allergy and asking about such allergies in pre-angiogram assessment will not provide any additional information except propagating the myth. | Mudassar Baig Ahmad Farag Jamal Sajid Rahul Potluri R Bruce Irwin Hafiz Mohammed Idrees Khalid | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，3： | 3 |
| 2 | Nephropathy in dietary hyperoxaluria:A potentially preventable acute or chronic kidney disease显示文摘Hyperoxaluria can cause not only nephrolithiasis and nephrocalcinosis,but also renal parenchymal disease histologically characterized by deposition of calcium oxalate crystals throughout the renal parenchyma,profound tubular damage and interstitial inflammation and fibrosis.Hyperoxaluric nephropathy presents clinically as acute or chronic renal failure that may progress to endstage renal disease(ESRD).This sequence of events,well recognized in the past in primary and enteric hyperoxalurias,has also been documented in a few cases of dietary hyperoxaluria.Estimates of oxalate intake in patients with chronic dietary hyperoxaluria who developed chronic kidney disease or ESRD were comparable to the reported average oxalate content of the diets of certain populations worldwide,thus raising the question whether dietary hyperoxaluria is a primary cause of ESRD in these regions.Studies addressing this question have the potential of improving population health and should be undertaken,alongside ongoing studies which are yielding fresh insights into the mechanisms of intestinal absorption and renal excretion of oxalate,and into the mechanisms of development of oxalate-induced renal parenchymal disease.Novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for treating all types of hyperoxaluria are expected to develop from these studies. | Robert H Glew Yijuan Sun Bruce L Horowitz Konstantin N Konstantinov Marc Barry Joanna R Fair Larry Massie Antonios H Tzamaloukas | 2014 | World Journal of Nephrology2014，3，4： | 3 |
| 3 | 分子动力学模拟研究直链淀粉与α-亚油酸的包合行为显示文摘α-亚油酸和直链淀粉可以形成热力学稳定复合物。为了研究α-亚油酸影响直链淀粉构象的机理、复合物的构象趋势及复合作用过程中氢键的变化情况,在373 K条件下进行了长时间(500 ns)的全原子分子动力学模拟。模拟发现在有/无α-亚油酸存在的情况下,在500 ns内都可以观察到大量有序到无序的构象转变,这表明直链淀粉和α-亚油酸之间结合作用微弱。原子均方根偏差(RMSD)、α-亚油酸与直链淀粉轴心间距、氢键增加都证明直链淀粉-α-亚油酸复合物的形成是热力学自发行为。 | 冯涛 王旭 庄海宁 Feng Chen Bruce R Hamaker Osvaldo Campanella 王凯 | 2016 | 中国粮油学报2016，31，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Walking a tightrope: creating value through interorganizational relationships显示文摘 | Bruce R Barringer Jeffrey S Harrison | 2000 | Journal of Management2000，，3： | 3 |
| 5 | Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions显示文摘 | Elizabeth M Brunt Christine G Janney Adrian M Di Bisceglie Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri Bruce R Bacon | 1999 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology1999，，9： | 3 |
| 6 | Fondaparinux预防老年急性内科患者发生静脉血栓形成的效果与安全性:随机安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的:观察 Fondaparinux 对具有中高度静脉血栓发生危险的老年急性内科住院患者的抗凝效果与安全性。设计:双盲随机安慰剂对照研究。背景:8个国家的35个中心。参与者:849例≥60岁内科患者,住院原因分别为充血性心力衰竭、慢性肺病合并急性呼吸系统疾患、急性炎症性或感染性疾病,预期至少住院4天以上。干预:2.5 mg Fondaparinux 或安慰剂,每天1次皮下注射,持续6~14天。观察指标:主要指标为静脉血栓形成(治疗后15天内采用双侧静脉造影检查)及有症状的静脉血栓;次要指标为死亡与出血。患者随访时间为1个月。结果:Fondaparinux 治疗组425例患者和安慰剂组414例患者接受了安全性分析(10例未治疗)。644例患者(75.9%)可接受主要指标分析。静脉血栓检出率在 Fondaparinux 治疗组为5.6%(18/321),安慰剂组为10.5%(34/323),相对危险减少46.7%(95% CI 7.7%~69.3%)。安慰剂组5例患者发生有症状的静脉血栓,Fondaparinux治疗组无患者发生有症状的静脉血栓(P=0.029)。两组均有1例(0.2%)患者发生严重出血。随访结束时,安慰剂组、Fondaparinux 治疗组分别死亡25(6.0%)、14(3.3%)例患者。结论:Fondaparinux 可有效预防急性内科老年患者无症状性及有症状的静脉血栓。严重出血几率两组相似。 | Alexander T Cohen Bruce L Davidson Alexander S Gallus Michael R Lassen Martin H Prins Witold Tomkowski Alexander G G Turpie Jan F M Egberts Anthonie W A Lensing 石汉平(译) 王深明(校) | 2006 | 英国医学杂志中文版2006，9，5： | 3 |
| 7 | Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions显示文摘 | Elizabeth M Brunt Christine G Janney Adrian M Di Bisceglie Brent A Neuschwander-Tetri Bruce R Bacon | 1999 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology1999，，9： | 2 |
| 8 | The effects of Spirulina on anemia and immune function in senior citizens显示文摘Anemia and immunological dysfunction(i.e.immunosenescence)are commonly found in older subjects and nutritional approaches are sought to counteract these phenomena.Spirulina is a filamentous and multicellular bule-green alga capable of reducing inflammation and also manifesting antioxidant effects.We hypothesized that Spirulina may ameliorate anemia and immunosenescence in senior citizens with a history of anemia.We enrolled 40 volunteers of both sexes with an age of 50 years or older who had no history of major chronic diseases.Participants took a Spirulina supplementation for 12 weeks and were administered comprehensive dietary questionnaires to determine their nutritional regimen during the study.Complete cell count(CCC)and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)enzyme activity,as a sign of immune function,were determined at baseline and weeks 6 and 12 of supplementation.Thirty study participants completed the entire study and the data obtained were analyzed.Over the 12-week study period,there was a steady increase in average values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin in subjects of both sexes.In addition,mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration also increased in male participants.Older women appeared to benefit more rapidly from Spirulina supplements.Similarly,the majority of subjects manifested increased IDO activity and white blood cell count at 6 and 12 weeks of Spirulina supplementation.Spirulina may ameliorate anemia and immunosenescence in older subjects.We encourage large human studies to determine whether this safe supplement could prove beneficial in randomized clinical trials. | Carlo Selmi Patrick SC Leung Laura Fischer Bruce German Chen-Yen Yang Thomas P Kenny Gerry R Cysewski M Eric Gershwin | 2011 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2011，8，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Hematopoietic AMPK [Beta]1 reduces mouse adipose tissue macrophage inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity显示文摘 | Galic Sandra Fullerton Morgan D Schertzer Jonathan D Sikkema Sarah Marcinko Katarina Walkley Carl R Izon David Honeyman Jane Chen Zhi-Ping van Denderen Bryce J Kemp Bruce E Steinberg Gregory R | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，12： | 2 |
| 10 | β内酰胺类抗生素与对非典型病原体有效的抗生素在非重症社区获得性肺炎中的疗效比较:汇总分析显示文摘目的对于社区获得性肺炎,将β内酰胺类抗生素与对非典型病原体有效的抗生素进行全面系统的疗效比较。资料来源Medline、Embase、Cochrane登记注册的对照试验、国际性会议的会议纪录、药品注册机构以及制药公司。评价方法通过总结双盲、随机、对照、单一给药疗法试验,对β内酰胺类抗生素与对非典型病原体有效的抗生素在成人社区获得性肺炎的疗效方面进行比较。主要结局指标是未达到临床治愈或好转。结果18项临床试验共纳入6749例受试者,其中大多数患者有轻至中度社区获得性肺炎。对各种原因引起的社区获得性肺炎治疗失败的相对危险度进行分析,结果显示对非典型病原体有效的抗生素并不优于β内酰胺类抗生素(0.97,95%可信区间0.87~1.07)。对于有特异性非典型病原体感染诊断的患者进行亚组分析,我们发现应用对非典型病原体有效的抗生素治疗军团菌属感染的肺炎患者,其治疗无效率明显的低一些(0.40,0.19~0.85)。而在肺炎支原体(0.60,0.31~1.17)和肺炎衣原体(2.32,0.67~8.03)感染的肺炎患者中二者的疗效相似。结论应用对非典型病原体有效的抗生素治疗由各种原因引起的非重症社区获得性肺炎,而使临床疗效得到提高的证据是不足的。尽管此类抗生素在对稍后介绍的军团菌感染相关性肺炎的治疗方面显示出明显的优势,但已纳入研究范围内的肺炎病例很少是由这种病原体引起的。β内酰胺类制剂应该继续作为成人非重症社ResInfe区获得性肺炎治疗的首选抗生素。 | Graham D Mills Michael R Oehley Bruce Arrol 刘艳(译) 代华平(校) | 2005 | 英国医学杂志中文版2005，8，4： | 2 |
| 11 | Tooth loss and alveolar remodeling in Sinosaurus triassicus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Jurassic strata of the Lufeng Basin, China显示文摘Pathological or traumatic loss of teeth often results in the resorption and remodeling of the affected alveoli in mammals. However, instances of alveolar remodeling in reptiles are rare. A remodeled alveolus in the maxilla of the Chinese theropod Sinosaurus (Lower Jurassic Lower Lufeng Formation) is the first confirmed example of such dental pathology in a dinosaur. Given the known relationship between feeding behavior and tooth damage in theropods (teeth with spalled enamel, tooth crowns embedded in bone) and the absence of dentary, maxillary, and premaxillary osteomyelitis, traumatic loss of a tooth is most likely the cause of alveolar remodeling. Based on the extent of remodeling, the injury and subsequent tooth loss were non-fatal in this individual. | XING LiDa BELL Phil R ROTHSCHILD Bruce M RAN Hao ZHANG JianPing DONG ZhiMing ZHANG Wei CURRIE Philip J | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，16： | 2 |
| 12 | Synthesis of layered LiMnO2 as an electrode for rechargeable lithium batteries显示文摘 | Armstrong A R Bruce P G | 1996 | Nature1996，381，： | 1 |
| 13 | Analysis of feline calicivirus capsid protein genes:identification of varia ble antigenic determinant regions of the protein显示文摘 | Bruce S S Julia F R William L M | 1993 | J Gen Virol1993，74，： | 1 |
| 14 | Serviceability of earthquake-damaged water systems: Effects of electrical power availability and power backup systems on system vulnerability显示文摘 | TAKKAO A BRUCE R E | 2008 | Reliability Engineering and System Safety2008，93，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Elicitation of lignin biosynthesis and iso peroxidase activity by pectic fragnents insuspension cultures caster bean显示文摘 | Bruce R J West C A | 1989 | PlantPhysiol1989，91，： | 1 |
| 16 | Economic incentives for agricultural nonpoint source pollution control显示文摘 | Bruce A L Marc R | 1994 | Water Resources Bulletin1994，30，3： | 1 |
| 17 | The potential of world cropland soils to sequester C and mitigate the greenhouse effect显示文摘 | Lal R Bruce J P | 1999 | Environmental Science & Policy1999，2，： | 1 |
| 18 | Adsorption of alkylthiol-capped gold nanoparticles onto alkylthiol self-assembled monolayers: An SPR study显示文摘 | Goren M Galley N Bruce Lennox R | 2006 | Langmuir2006，22，3： | 1 |
| 19 | The tibial plateau fracture:the Toronto experience 1968 -1975 显示文摘 | Schatzker J McBroom R Bruce D | 1979 | Clin Orthop1979，，138： | 1 |
| 20 | Phosphine residues from phostoxin- treated grain 显示文摘 | Bruce R B Robbins A J Tuft T O | 1962 | Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry1962，10，1： | 1 |
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