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| 1 | Biochemical Changes Associated with Germinating Rice Grains and Germination Improvement显示文摘To determine biochemical changes during the germination of rice grains (Oryza sativa L. subsp. indica var. Mottaikaruppan) and to improve germination rate using gibberellic acid and surfactants [sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) (1.0 g/L) and Triton-X-100 (1.0 mL/L)], whole rice grains soaked in distilled water for 12 h at 30oC were germinated in the dark at 30oC for five days. The highest germination rate (77.1%) was obtained on the 5th day. An increase in the content of reducing sugars from 7.3 to 58.1 mg/g DM (dry matter) was observed from the 1st day of germination. Free amino acids and soluble protein contents increased to 3.69 and 5.29 mg/g DM, respectively on the 5th day of germination. Total protein content decreased from 100.5 to 91.0 g/kg DM during germination. Increases in amylolytic (1.1 to 190.0 U/g DM) and proteolytic (0 to 0.12 U/g DM) activities were observed during germination. Effects of different concentrations of gibberellic acid on the germination of rice grains were evaluated and 0.1 g/L was found to promote germination. When effects of gibberellic acid (0.1 g/L) and surfactants were evaluated individually and together, higher germination rate was observed in the control experiment (grains germinated in distilled water), whereas giberellic acid and surfactants decreased the germination rate. Therefore, the flour obtained from the grains germinated for four days using distilled water to obtain high content of soluble materials and enzyme activities can be used in preparation of bakery items. | Subajiny VELUPPILLAI Ketheeswary NITHYANANTHARAJAH Seevaratnam VASANTHARUBA Sandrasegarampillai BALAKUMAR Vasanthy ARASARATNAM | 2009 | Rice science2009，16，3： | 14 |
| 2 | Antifungal activity of Aegle marmelos(L.) Correa(Rutaceae) leaf extract on dermatophytes显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of Aegle marmelos leaf extracts and fractions on the clinical isolates of dermatophytic fungi like Trichophyton mentagrophytes,Trichophyton rubrum,Microsporum canis,Microsporum gypseum and Epidermophyton floccosum.Methods:The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) of various extracts and fractions of the leaves of Aegle marmelos were measured using method of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS).Results:Aegle marmelos leaf extracts and fractions were found to have fungicidal activity against various clinical isolates of dermatophytic fungi.The MIC and MFC was found to be high in water and ethyl alcohol extracts and methanol fractions(200μg/mL) against dermatophytic fungi studied.Conclusions:Aegle marmelos leaf extracts significantly inhibites the growth of all dermatophytic fungi studied.If this activity is confirmed by in vivo studies and if the compound is isolated and identified,it could be a remedy for dermatophytosis. | Balakumar S Rajan S Thirunalasundari T Jeeva S | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011，1，4： | 8 |
| 3 | Ameliorative effect of combination of benfotiamine and fenofibrate in diabetes-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction and nephropathy in the rat显示文摘 | Pitchai Balakumar Vishal Arvind Chakkarwar Manjeet Singh | 2009 | Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry (-)2009，，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Antifungal activity of Ocimum sanctum Linn.(Lamiaceae) on clinically isolated dermatophytic fungi显示文摘Objective:To assess antifungal activity of Ocimum sanctum leaves against dermatophytic fungi. Methods:Antifungal activity of Ocimum sanctum leaves was measured by 38 A NCCLS method. Minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) of various extracts and fractions of Ocimum sanctum leaves were also determined.Results:Ocimum sanctum leaves possessed antifungal activity against clinically isolated dermatophytes at the concentration of 200μg/mL.MIC and MFC were high with water fraction(200μg/mL) against dermatophytic fungi used.Conclusions:Ocimum sanctum has antifungal activity,and the leaf extracts may be a useful source for dermatophytic infections. | Balakumar S Rajan S Thirunalasundari T Jeeva S | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2011，4，8： | 3 |
| 5 | Arsenic exposure and cardiovascular disorders : an overview 显示文摘 | Balakumar P Kaur J | 2009 | Cardiovasc Toxicol2009，9，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Multifarious molecular signaling cascades of cardiac hypertrophy: Can the muddy waters be cleared? 显示文摘 | Balakumar P Jagadeesh G | 2010 | Pharmacol Res2010，62，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Potential target sites to modulate vascular endothelial dysfunction: current perspectives and future directions 显示文摘 | Balakumar P Kaur T Singh M | 2008 | Toxicology2008，245，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Vascular endothelial dysfunction: a tug of war in diabetic nephropa- thy? 显示文摘 | Balakumar P Chakkarwar VA Krishan P | 2009 | Biomed Pharmacother2009，63，： | 1 |
| 9 | Multifarious molecular signaling cascades of cardiac hypertrophy:can the muddy waters be cleared?显示文摘 | Balakumar P Jagadeesh G | 2010 | Pharmacol Res2010，62，5： | 1 |
| 10 | Pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy:involvement of multifaceted signaling mechanism显示文摘 | Balakumar P Arora MK Reddy J | 2009 | J Cardiovasc Pharmacol2009，54，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Telmisartan in the management of diabetic nephropathy:a contemporary view显示文摘 | Balakumar P Bishnoi HK Mahadevan N | 2012 | Curr Diabetes Rev2012，8，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Modulation of cardiopro- tective effect of ischemic pre - and postconditioning in the hyperho- mocysteinemic rat heart 显示文摘 | Balakumar P Rohilla A Singh G | 2009 | Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol2009，31，2： | 1 |
| 13 | PPAR dual agonists: Are they opening Pandora’s Box?显示文摘 | Pitchai Balakumar Madhankumar Rose Subrahmanya S. Ganti Pawan Krishan Manjeet Singh | 2007 | Pharmacological Research2007，，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Emerging role of PPAR lig- ands in the management of diabetic nephropathy显示文摘 | Balakumar P Arora MK Singh M | 2009 | Pharmacol Res2009，60，3： | 1 |
| 15 | A Mach Number Study of the Richtmyer Meshkov Instability in a Varicose, Heavy-Gas Curtain 显示文摘 | Orlicz G C Balakumar B J Tomkins C D | 2009 | Phys Fluids2009，21，06： | 1 |
| 16 | Effect of mast cell stabilizers in hyperhomocysteinemia-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats 显示文摘 | Singh AP Singh M Balakumar P | 2008 | J Cardiovasc Pharmacol2008，51，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Turbulent mixing in a Richtmyer-Meshkov fluid layer after reshock: velocity and density statistics显示文摘 | Balakumar B Orlicz G Ristorcelli J | 2012 | J Fluid Mech2012，696，： | 1 |
| 18 | Pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy:involvement of multifaceted signaling mechanism显示文摘 | Balakumar P Arora MK Reddy J | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 19 | Ameliorative effect of combina-tion of benfotiamine and fenofibrate in diabetes-induced vascular endo-thelial dysfunction and nephropathy in the rat显示文摘 | Balakumar P Chakkarwar VA Singh M | | 0，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Recent advances in pharmacotherapy for diabetic nephropathy: Current perspectives and future directions显示文摘 | Pitchai Balakumar Mandeep Kumar Arora Subrahmanya S. Ganti Jayarami Reddy Manjeet Singh | 2009 | Pharmacological Research2009，，1： | 1 |
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