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| 1 | Enrichment-ELISA for Detection of Salmonella typhi From Food and Water Samples显示文摘Objective Development of monoclonal antibody based sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (sELISA) for rapid detection of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi (S. typhi) from food and water samples and optimization of enrichment procedures for use with the developed sELISA to increase the detection sensitivity of the assay. Methods Spleen cells from BALB/c mice immunized with flagellin (H=d) antigen of S. typhi were fused with Sp2/0 myeloma cells. The hybridoma cell line specific to H=d antigen was established, characterized and ascites raised against one of these clones. The hyperimmune serum to flagellin antigen was raised in New Zealand White rabbits. An sELISA was developed using polyclonal antibody as capture and monoclonal antibody as detection antibody. To design the efficient culture strategies for use with the sELISA, different pre-enrichment and enrichment broths were evaluated. The media included buffered peptone water (BPW) and brain heart infusion broth for pre-enrichment and selenite F broth and Rappaport-Vassiliadis broth as enrichment broths. The developed sELISA with preceding enrichment step in BPW (Enrichment-ELISA) was evaluated in various food samples artificially inoculated with S. typhi bacteria. Various food (30) and water (35) samples collected from field were also tested by Enrichment-ELISA and culture method. Results Out of four specific clones to H=d antigen, one clone (# 2/56, IgG2a isotype) was used in sELISA. The sELISA had the detection limit of 104-105 cfu of S. typhi. Of the various broths used with sELISA, BPW was found to yield maximum ELISA values. Enrichment-ELISA, when tested in artificially inoculated food samples, generally, could detect 102 S. typhi cfu/mL within 10 h from various food rinses (meat, vegetable) and milk samples. After overnight enrichment in BPW, as less as 2 bacteria per 10 mL of milk, meat rinse, and chicken rinse could be detected. Only one of the field samples (water) gave false positive result by Enrichment-ELISA. Conclusion In comparison to culture, the Enrichment-ELISA is a rapid, sensitive, and specific method for detection of S. typhi from food or water samples. This method may be used as rapid screening procedure for environmental monitoring during outbreak situation. | S. KUMAR K. BALAKRISHNA HV. BATRA | 2008 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2008，21，2： | 16 |
| 2 | Wx^mp基因背景下可溶性淀粉合成酶基因SSⅡa和去分支酶基因PUL对水稻蒸煮食味品质的影响显示文摘【目的】分析在同一主效基因(Wx^mp)背景下可溶性淀粉合成酶基因SSⅡa和去分支酶基因PUL对稻米蒸煮食味品质的影响,以期为水稻品质遗传改良提供依据。【方法】选择在SSⅡa和PUL存在多态性而其他淀粉合成酶相关基因没有多态性的半糯品系宁0145和粳稻品种武运粳21进行杂交,获得F2群体与F3株系。利用分子标记,选择含有Wx^mp基因的F2单株与F3株系,将这些F2单株与F3株系分成SSⅡa^nPUL^n、SSⅡa^nPUL^w、SSⅡa^wPUL^n和SSⅡa^wPUL^w4种基因型(n和w分别表示该基因来源于宁0145和武运粳21),分析不同基因型蒸煮食味品质性状的差异,探讨同一Wxmp基因背景下不同SSⅡa和PUL等位基因对蒸煮食味品质性状的影响。【结果】不同基因型间蒸煮食味品质性状均存在显著差异,来源于武运粳21的SSⅡa^w基因和PUL^w基因分别使直链淀粉含量增加0.29%~1.00%和0.62%~1.18%,且PUL的效应大于SSⅡa,两者间存在互作效应。SSⅡa^w基因和PUL^w基因降低胶稠度和崩解值,提高了热浆黏度、冷胶黏度、消减值和回复值,对糊化温度、峰值黏度和峰值时间的作用较小。【结论】明确了Wx^mp背景下SSⅡa和PUL基因对稻米蒸煮食味品质的遗传效应,该研究结果为SSⅡa和PUL基因的分子标记辅助选择改良稻米品质提供了理论依据。 | 姚姝 张亚东 刘燕清 赵春芳 周丽慧 陈涛 赵庆勇 朱镇 Balakrishna PILLAY 王才林 | 2020 | 中国水稻科学2020，34，3： | 12 |
| 3 | 水稻Wxmp背景下SSⅡa和SSⅢa等位变异及其互作对蒸煮食味品质的影响显示文摘为了明确Wxmp基因背景下不同半糯粳稻品质差异的原因,以淀粉合成酶基因SSⅡa和SSⅢa表现多态性而其他淀粉合成相关基因无多态性的武粳13和关东194 (Milky Princess)杂交后代衍生的64个半糯品系为材料,分析了Wxmp基因背景下, SSⅡa和SSⅢa基因等位变异对直链淀粉含量(amylose content, AC)、胶稠度(gel consistency, GC)、糊化温度(gelatinization temperature,GT)及RVA谱特征值的影响。结果表明,SSⅡa和SSⅢa等位变异对AC、GC、GT和RVA谱特征值都有显著影响,且2个基因间存在互作效应。SSⅡa2和SSⅢa2 (2表示该基因来源于非半糯亲本武粳13)有使AC增高的趋势,分别使AC提高1.87%和1.23%, 2年结果基本接近。单个SSⅡa和SSⅢa等位变异对GT无显著影响,而基因型SSⅡa1SSⅢa1(1表示该基因来源于半糯亲本关东194)的GT比SSⅡa2SSⅢa2高1.34℃,达显著水平,表明2个基因的互作对GT有显著影响。GC在不同基因型间均存在极显著差异, SSⅡa2和SSⅢa1可分别使GC增加8.74mm和9.62mm。从2个基因的互作效应来看,基因型SSⅡa2SSⅢa1的GC比基因型SSⅡa1SSⅢa2和SSⅡa2SSⅢa2分别增加10.64 mm和16.95 mm。SSⅡa2使最高黏度、热浆黏度、冷胶黏度、崩解值增加,回复值和消减值下降;而SSⅢa2的效应则相反。2个基因的互作效应,最高黏度、热浆黏度和冷胶黏度均以SSⅡa2SSⅢa1最大,崩解值和回复值均以SSⅡa2SSⅢa2最大,消减值SSⅡa2SSⅢa1最小。本研究结果为半糯粳稻蒸煮食味品质的改良提供了一定的理论依据。 | 姚姝 张亚东 刘燕清 赵春芳 周丽慧 陈涛 赵庆勇 朱镇 Balakrishna Pillay 王才林 | 2020 | 作物学报2020，46，11： | 11 |
| 4 | Impacts of heavy metals on 1,2-dichloroethane biodegradation in co-contaminated soil显示文摘1,2-Dichloroethane (DCA), a potential mutagen and carcinogen, is commonly introduced into the environment through its industrial and agricultural use. In this study, the impact of lead and mercury on DCA degradation in soil was investigated, owing to the complex co-contamination problem frequently encountered in most sites. 1,2-Dichloroethane was degraded readily in both contaminated loam and clay soils with the degradation rate constants ranging between 0.370-0.536 week1 and 0.309-0.417 week1, respectively. The presence of heavy metals have a negative impact on DCA degradation in both soil types, resulting in up to 24.11% reduction in DCA degradation within one week. Both biostimulation and treatment additives increased DCA degradation, with the best degradation observed upon addition of glucose and a combination of diphosphate salt and sodium chloride, leading to about 17.91% and 43.50% increase in DCA degradation, respectively. The results have promising potential for effective remediation of soils co-contaminated with chlorinated organics and heavy metals. However, the best bioremediation strategy will depend on the soil types, microbial population present in the soil matrices, nutrients availability and metal forms. | Ademola O. Olaniran Adhika Balgobind Balakrishna Pillay | 2009 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2009，21，5： | 9 |
| 5 | Differentiation of Crohn’s disease from intestinal tuberculosis in India in 2010显示文摘Differentiating intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn’s disease (CD) is an important clinical challenge of considerable therapeutic significance. The problem is of greatest magnitude in countries where tuberculosis continues to be highly prevalent, and where the incidence of CD is increasing. The final clinical diagnosis is based on a combination of the clinical history with endoscopic studies, culture and polymerase chain reaction for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, biopsy pathology, radiological investigations and response to therapy. In a subset of patients, surgery is required and intraoperative findings with pathological study of the resected bowel provide a definitive diagnosis. Awareness of the parameters useful in distinguishing these two disorders in each of the different diagnostic modalities is crucial to accurate decision making. Newer techniques, such as capsule endoscopy, small bowel enteroscopy and immunological assays for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, have a role to play in the differentiation of intestinal tuberculosis and CD. This review presents currently available evidence regarding the usefulness and limitations of all these different modalities available for the evaluation of these two disorders. | Anna Benjamin Pulimood Deepak Narayan Amarapurkar Ujjala Ghoshal Mathew Phillip Cannanore Ganesh Pai Duvvur Nageshwar Reddy Birender Nagi Balakrishna Siddhartha Ramakrishna | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，4： | 8 |
| 6 | A microscale optical implant for continuous in vivo monitoring of intraocular pressure显示文摘Intraocular pressure(IOP)is a key clinical parameter in glaucoma management.However,despite the potential utility of daily measurements of IOP in the context of disease management,the necessary tools are currently lacking,and IOP is typically measured only a few times a year.Here we report on a microscale implantable sensor that could provide convenient,accurate,ondemand IOP monitoring in the home environment.When excited by broadband near-infrared(NIR)light from a tungsten bulb,the sensor’s optical cavity reflects a pressure-dependent resonance signature that can be converted to IOP.NIR light is minimally absorbed by tissue and is not perceived visually.The sensor’s nanodot-enhanced cavity allows for a 3–5 cm readout distance with an average accuracy of 0.29 mm Hg over the range of 0–40 mm Hg.Sensors were mounted onto intraocular lenses or silicone haptics and secured inside the anterior chamber in New Zealand white rabbits.Implanted sensors provided continuous in vivo tracking of short-term transient IOP elevations and provided continuous measurements of IOP for up to 4.5 months. | Jeong Oen Lee Haeri Park Juan Du Ashwin Balakrishna Oliver Chen David Sretavan Hyuck Choo | 2017 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering2017，3，1： | 4 |
| 7 | An alternative,zeaxanthin epoxidase-independent abscisic acid biosynthetic pathway in plants显示文摘Abscisic acid(ABA)is an important carotenoid-derived phytohormone that plays essential roles in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses as well as in various physiological and developmental processes.In Arabidopsis,ABA biosynthesis starts with the epoxidation of zeaxanthin by the ABA DEFICIENT 1(ABA1)enzyme,leading to epoxycarotenoids;e.g.,violaxanthin.The oxidative cleavage of 9-cis-epoxycaro-tenoids,a key regulatory step catalyzed by 9-C/S-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE,forms xanthoxin,which is converted in further rea.ctions mediated by ABA DEFICIENT 2(ABA2),ABA DEFICIENT 3(ABA3),and ABSCISIC ALDEHYDE OXIDASE 3(AAO3)into ABA.By combining genetic and biochemical approaches,we unravel here an ABA1-independent ABA biosynthetic pathway starting upstream of zeaxanthin.We iden-tified the carotenoid cleavage products(i.e.,apocarotenoids,β-apo-11-carotenal,9-cis-β-apo-11-carotenal,3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal,and 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal)as intermediates of this ABA1-independent ABA biosynthetic pathway.Using labeled compounds,we showed thatβ-apo-11-carotenal,9-cis-β-apo-11-carotenal,and 3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal are successively converted into 9-cis-3-OH-β-apo-11-carotenal,xanthoxin,and finally into ABA in both Arabidopsis and rice.When applied to Arabidopsis,theseβ-apo-11-carotenoids exert ABA biological functions,such as maintaining seed dormancy and inducing the expression of ABA-responsive genes.Moreover,the transcdptomic analysis revealed a high overlap of differentially expressed genes regulated byβ-apo-11-carotenoids and ABA,suggesting thatβ-apo-11-carot-enoids exert ABA-independent regulatory activities.Taken together,our study identifies a biological function for the common plant metabolites,β-apo-11-carotenoids,extends our knowledge about ABA biosynthesis,and provides new insights into plant apocarotenoid metabolic networks. | Kun-Peng Jia Jianing Mi Shawkat Ali Hajime Ohyanagi Juan C.Moreno Abdugaffor Ablazov Aparna Balakrishna Lamis Berqdar Alessia Fiore Gianfranco Diretto Claudio Martínez Angel R.de Lera Takashi Gojobori Salim Al-Babili | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Gamma-glutamyl transferases: A structural, mechanistic and physiological perspective显示文摘Gamma glutamyl transferases (GGT ) 是从细菌发生到人的高度保存的酶。他们把终端 -glutamyl 残余从肽和酰胺移开。GGT 在哺乳动物在谷胱甘肽(一种主要细胞的抗氧化剂) 的动态平衡并且在 xenobiotics 的 detoxification 起一个重要作用。他们在象糖尿病,发炎, neurodegenerative 疾病和心血管的疾病一样的疾病被含有。在细菌的 GGT 的生理的角色仍然是不清楚的。任何东西都不越过生活系统对酶的强壮的保存的基础被知道。评论在进化关系上与强调集中于酶生理学,化学和酶的结构的性质。可得到的数据显示 GGT 家庭的成员分享普通结构的特征但是是机能上地异质的。 | Sharath BALAKRISHNA Asmita A. PRABHUNE | 2014 | Frontiers in Biology2014，9，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Aerobic dechlorination of cis- and trans-dichloroethenes by some indigenous bacteria isolated from contaminated sites in Africa显示文摘The innate toxicity of dichloroethenes(DCEs) and their tendency to be reduced to vinyl chloride(VC)(a known human carcinogen) is a cause for environmental concern. Aerobic bacteria capable of growth on cis- and trans-DCEs as sole carbon and energy sources were isolated by enrichment culture technique and identified to belong to the genera; Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter. Axenic and mixed cultures of the bacterial isolates utilized DCEs at concentrations above the maximum contaminant level allowable in drinking water by the Environmental Protection Agency. Their specific growth rate constant ranged significantly(P<0.05) between 0.346—0.552 and 0.461—0.667 d -1; while the maximum specific substrate utilization rate ranged significantly(P<0.05) between 20.01—29.79 and 31.40—42.83 nmol h -1 (mg of protein) -1 in cis- and trans-DCE, respectively. The optimum growth was observed at 30℃ and at a pH of 7.0 with up to 96% of the stoichiometric-expected chloride released. Serial adaptation positively affected the growth yields and dehalogenase activities of the organisms with multiple antibiotic patterns also demonstrated by the isolates. These findings therefore indicated the important roles that these organisms may play in the bioremediation of sites polluted with chlorinated ethene compounds in Africa. | Ademola O. Olaniran Dorsamy Pillay Balakrishna Pillay | 2004 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2004，16，6： | 2 |
| 10 | Association of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene T-786C promoter polymorphism with gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase-786 T > C promoter polymorphism in the etiology of gastric cancer(GC). METHODS: A total of 150 GC patients and 150 control subjects were included in the study. The information on demographic features was elicited with an informed consent from all the patients and control subjects using a structured questionnaire. Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infectivity status was tested in antral biopsies from all the subjects by rapid urease test following the method of Vaira et al. Genomic DNA was isolated from whole blood samples following the salting out method of Lahiri et al. Genotype analysis of the rs2070744 polymorphism was carried out by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction method. The genotypes were determined based on the appearance of bands on an agarose gel stained with ethidium bromide under ultraviolet gel documentation with the help of 100 bp ladder. Odds ratios and corresponding 95%CIs were determined using java stat online software. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the distribution of C allele(C vs T; P = 0.000, OR = 5.038) in patient group compared to the control subjects exhibiting a fivefold increased risk for GC. When the T/T and C/C genotypes were compared, there was an enhanced GC risk for individuals with C/C genotype(T/T vs C/C; P = 0.000). Among the demographic factors, smoking and alcoholism were the common risk factors in patients compared to the control subjects(P < 0.05). Patients with smoking and alcoholism developed cancer even in heterozygous T/C condition(smoking: P = 0.020 and alcoholism: P = 0.005). Individuals with H. pylori infection showed seven fold increased risk for cancer. All the patients with C/C genotype revealed a significant association between H. pylori infection and GC. Among the patients 2.4% of them revealed familial incidence of GC. No significant difference was noticed between cases and controls with regard to consanguinity(P = 0.473).CONCLUSION: The Present data suggest that eN OS-786 C/C genotype and C allele may be considered as potential risk factors in patients with GC. | Devulapalli Krishnaveni Bhayal Amar Chand Porika Shravan Kumar Malladi Uma Devi Macherla Ramanna Akka Jyothy Nallari Pratibha N Balakrishna Ananthapur Venkateshwari | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2015，7，7： | 2 |
| 11 | Nickel-induced oxidative stress in testis of mice: Evidence of DNA damage and genotoxic effects 显示文摘 | Kodipura D Balakrishna S Thimappa R | 2004 | J Androl2004，25，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Handoffs in Cellular Wireless Networks:The Daedalus Implementation and Experience显示文摘 | Balakrishna H | 1997 | Kluwer International Journal on Wireless Personal Communications1997，4，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Production and Characterization of Bioflocculants from Bacteria Isolated from Wastewater Treatment Plant in South Africa显示文摘 | Simphiwe P.Buthelezi Ademola O.Olaniran Balakrishna Pillay | | 0，，15： | 1 |
| 14 | Modeling of slip for wheeled mobile robots显示文摘 | GHOSAL A | 1995 | IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation1995，11，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Environmentally persistent free radicals induce airway hyperresponsiveness in neonatal rat lungs显示文摘 | Balakrishna S Saravia J Thevenot P | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Quantification of retinal nerve fiber layer thickness after unilateral acute primary angle closure in asian Indian eyes显示文摘 | Mansoori T Viswanath K Balakrishna N | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Fracture toughness pre- diction of brittle and ductile materials显示文摘 | Dr B Balakrishna Hari Krishna S | 2012 | Int J Eng Res Techn2012，1，5： | 1 |
| 18 | Erythrocyte aldose reductase activity and sorbitol levels in diabetic retinopathy显示文摘 | Reddy G B Satyanarayana A Balakrishna N | 2008 | Mol Vis2008，24，14： | 1 |
| 19 | Effect of Herbicides on Soil Microbial Biomass显示文摘 | SUBBAIAH H NANJAPPA H V BALAKRISHNA A N | 1994 | Crop Research Hisar1994，8，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of heat treatment on mechanical and ballistic properties of a high strength armour steel 显示文摘 | JENA P K MISHRA BIDYAPATI RAMESHBADU M BAHU ARVINDHA SINGH A K SIVAKUMAR K BHAT BALAKRISHNA T | 2010 | International Journal of Impact Engineering2010，37，3： | 1 |
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