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| 1 | Preservation solutions used during abdominal transplantation:Current status and outcomes显示文摘Organ preservation remains an important contributing factor to graft and patient outcomes. During donor organ procurement and transportation, cellular injury is mitigated through the use of preservation solutions in conjunction with hypothermia. Various preservation solutions and protocols exist with widespread variability among transplant centers. In this review of abdominal organ preservation solutions, evolution of transplantation and graft preservation are discussed followed by classification of preservation solutions according to the composition of electrolytes, impermeants, buffers, antioxidants, and energy precursors. Lastly, pertinent clinical studies in the setting of hepatic, renal, pancreas, and intestinal transplantation are reviewed for patient and graft survival as well as financial considerations. In liver transplants there may be some benefit with the use of histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate(HTK) over University of Wisconsin solution in terms of biliary complications and potential cost savings. Renal grafts may experience increased initial graft dysfunction with the use of Euro-Collins thereby dissuading its use in support of HTK which can lead to substantial cost savings. University of Wisconsin solution and Celsior are favored in pancreas transplants given the concern for pancreatitis and graft thrombosis associated with HTK. No difference was observed with preservation solutions with respect to graft and patient survival in liver, renal, and pancreas transplants. Studies involving intestinal transplants are sparse but University of Wisconsin solution infused intraluminally in combination with an intra-vascular washout is a reasonable option until further evidence can be generated. Available literature can be used to ameliorate extensive variation across centers while potentially minimizing graft dysfunction and improving associated costs. | Nicholas Latchana Joshua R Peck Bryan A Whitson Mitchell L Henry Elmahdi A Elkhammas Sylvester M Black | 2015 | World Journal of Transplantation2015，5，4： | 5 |
| 2 | Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis显示文摘 | Robert E Black Simon Cousens Hope L Johnson Joy E Lawn Igor Rudan Diego G Bassani Prabhat Jha Harry Campbell Christa Fischer Walker Richard Cibulskis Thomas Eisele Li Liu Colin Mathers | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9730： | 3 |
| 3 | Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis显示文摘 | Robert E Black Simon Cousens Hope L Johnson Joy E Lawn Igor Rudan Diego G Bassani Prabhat Jha Harry Campbell Christa Fischer Walker Richard Cibulskis Thomas Eisele Li Liu Colin Mathers | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9730)2010，，： | 2 |
| 4 | P recision L ivestock F arming: A n international review of scientific and commercial aspects显示文摘Precision Livestock Farming(PLF)is potentially one of the most powerful developments amongst a number of interesting new and upcoming technologies that have the potential to revolutionise the livestock farming industries.If properly implemented,PLF or Smart Farming could(1)improve or at least objectively document animal welfare on farms;(2)reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emission and improve environmental performance of farms;(3)facilitate product segmentation and better marketing of livestock products;(4)reduce illegal trading of livestock products;and(5)improve the economic stability of rural areas.However,there are only a few examples of successful commercialisation of PLF technologies introduced by a small number of commercial companies which are actively involved in the PLF commercialisation process.To ensure that the potential of PLF is taken to the industry,it is recommended to:(1)establish a new service industry;(2)verify,demonstrate and publicise the benefits of PLF;(3)better coordinate the efforts of different industry and academic organisations interested in the development and implementation of PLF technologies on farms;and(4)encourage the commercial sectors to assist with professionally managed product development. | T M Banhazi H Lehr J L Black H Crabtree P Schofield M Tscharke D Berckmans | 2012 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2012，5，3： | 2 |
| 5 | Unfrozen water contents of undisturbed and remolded Alaskan 显示文摘 | Tice A R Black P B Berg R L | 1989 | Cold Regions Science and Technology1989，17，： | 2 |
| 6 | The application of SHRIMP to Phanerozoic geochronology: a critical appraisal of four zircon standards显示文摘 | Lance P Black Sandra L Kamo lan S Williams | 2003 | Chemical Geology2003，200，： | 1 |
| 7 | Adenoviral mediated interferon-alpha 2b gene therapy suppresses the pro-angiogenic effect of vascular endothelial growth factor in superficial bladder cancer显示文摘 | Adam L Black PC Kassouf W | 2007 | J U rol2007，177，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Stress,inflammation and cardiovascular disease显示文摘 | Black P H Garbutt L D | 2002 | J Psychosom Res2002，52，： | 1 |
| 9 | Molecular design based on recognition at inorganic surfaces显示文摘 | Davey R J Black S N Bromley L A | 1991 | Nature1991，353，： | 1 |
| 10 | Human capital investments and productivity显示文摘 | Black S Lynch L M | 1996 | American Economic Review1996，86，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Clobal, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008 :A systematic analysis 显示文摘 | Black R E Cousens S Johnson H L | 2010 | Lancet2010，375，9730： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of stunting, diarrhoeal disease, and parasitic infection during infancy on cognition in late childhood: a follow-up study显示文摘 | Douglas S Berkman Andres G Lescano Robert H Gilman Sonia L Lopez Maureen M Black | 2002 | The Lancet2002，，9306： | 1 |
| 13 | Graphical tools for routine assessment of industrial alarm systems 显示文摘 | Kondaveetia S R Izadi I Shaha S L Black T Chen Tongwen | 2012 | Computers & Chemical Engineering2012，46，： | 1 |
| 14 | Component Testing, Characterization of Buckling-restrained Braces显示文摘 | Black C Makris N Aiken Seismic Evaluation and L | 2004 | Journal of Structural Engineering2004，130，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Four zircon ages from one rock: The history of a 3930 Ma-old granulite from Mount Sones,Enderby Land, Antarctica显示文摘 | Williams I S Compston W | 1986 | Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrol-ogy1986，94，： | 1 |
| 16 | The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention,detection,evaluation,and treatment of high blood pressure:the JNC 7 report显示文摘 | Chobanian A V Bakris G L Black H R | 2003 | JAMA2003，289，19： | 1 |
| 17 | Spring wheat response to tillage and nitrogen fertilization in rotation with sunflower and winter wheat 显示文摘 | Halvorson A D Black A L Krupinsky J M | 2000 | Agron J2000，95，： | 1 |
| 18 | Simplified model for steady- state and real - time ampacity of overhead conductors 显示文摘 | BLACK W Z REHBERG R L | 1985 | IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems1985，104，： | 1 |
| 19 | The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report 显示文摘 | CHOBANIAN A V BAKRIS G L BLACK H R | 2003 | JAMA2003，289，19： | 1 |
| 20 | The seventh report ofthe joint national committee on prevention,detection,evaluation,and treatment of high blood press ure:the JNC7report显示文摘 | Chobanian A V Bakris G L Black H R | | 0，，： | 1 |
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