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| 1 | Visible light optical coherence tomography measures retinal oxygen metabolic response to systemic oxygenation显示文摘The lack of capability to quantify oxygen metabolism noninvasively impedes both fundamental investigation and clinical diagnosis of a wide spectrum of diseases including all the major blinding diseases such as age-related macular degeneration,diabetic retinopathy,and glaucoma.Using visible light optical coherence tomography(vis-OCT),we demonstrated accurate and robust measurement of retinal oxygen metabolic rate(rMRO2)noninvasively in rat eyes.We continuously monitored the regulatory response of oxygen consumption to a progressive hypoxic challenge.We found that both oxygen delivery,and rMRO2 increased from the highly regulated retinal circulation(RC)under hypoxia,by 0.2860.08 μL min(^-1)(p,0.001),and 0.2060.04 μL min(^-1)(p,0.001)per 100 mmHg systemic pO2 reduction,respectively.The increased oxygen extraction compensated for the deficient oxygen supply from the poorly regulated choroidal circulation.Results from an oxygen diffusion model based on previous oxygen electrode measurements corroborated our in vivo observations.We believe that vis-OCT has the potential to reveal the fundamental role of oxygen metabolism in various retinal diseases. | Ji Yi Wenzhong Liu Siyu Chen Vadim Backman Nader Sheibani Christine M.Sorenson Amani A.Fawzi Robert A.Linsenmeier Hao F.Zhang | 2015 | Light(Science & Applications)2015，4，1： | 8 |
| 2 | Interspecific comparison of the flight performance between sparrowhawks and common buzzards migrating at the Falsterbo peninsula: A radar study显示文摘 | Gintaras MALMIGA Cecilia NILSSON Johan BACKMAN Thomas ALERSTAM | 2014 | Current Zoology2014，60，5： | 4 |
| 3 | Numerical and Experimental Modelling of Gas Flow and Heat Transfer in the Air Gap of an Electric Machine. Part II: Grooved Surfaces显示文摘The study deals with the cooling of a high-speed electric machine through an air gap with numerical and experimental methods. The rotation speed of the test machine is between 5000-4000 r/rain and the machine is cooled by a forced gas flow through the air gap. In the previous part of the research the friction coefficient was measured for smooth and grooved stator cases with a smooth rotor. The heat transfer coefficient was recently calculated by a numerical method and measured for a smooth stator-rotor combination. In this report the cases with axial groove slots at the stator and/or rotor surfaces are studied. Numerical flow simulations and measurements have been done for the test machine dimensions at a large velocity range. At constant mass flow rate the heat transfer coefficients by the numerical method attain bigger values with groove slots on the stator or rotor surfaces. The results by the numerical method have been confirmed with measurements. The RdF-sensor was glued to the stator and rotor surfaces to measure the heat flux through the surface, as well as the temperature. | Maunu KUOSA Petri SALLINEN Arttu REUNANEN Jari BACKMAN Jaakko LARJOLA Lasse KOSKELAINEN | 2005 | Journal of Thermal Science2005，14，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Single capillary oximetry and tissue ultrastructural sensing by dual-band dual-scan inverse spectroscopic optical coherence tomography显示文摘Measuring capillary oxygenation and the surrounding ultrastructure can allow one to monitor a microvascular niche and better understand crucial biological mechanisms.However,capillary oximetry and pericapillary ultrastructure are challenging to measure in vivo.Here we demonstrate a novel optical imaging system,dual-band dual-scan inverse spectroscopic optical coherence tomography(D2-ISOCT),that,for the first time,can simultaneously obtain the following metrics in vivo using endogenous contrast:(1)capillary-level oxygen saturation and arteriolar-level blood flow rates,oxygen delivery rates,and oxygen metabolic rates;(2)spatial characteristics of tissue structures at length scales down to 30 nm;and(3)morphological images up to 2mm in depth.To illustrate the capabilities of D2-ISOCT,we monitored alterations to capillaries and the surrounding pericapillary tissue(tissue between the capillaries)in the healing response of a mouse ear wound model.The obtained microvascular and ultrastructural metrics corroborated well with each other,showing the promise of D2-ISOCT for becoming a powerful new non-invasive imaging tool. | Rongrong Liu James A.Winkelmann Graham Spicer Yunxiao Zhu Aya Eid Guillermo A.Ameer Vadim Backman Ji Yi | 2018 | Light(Science & Applications)2018，7，1： | 4 |
| 5 | Fluid dynamic modeling of a free piston engine with labyrinth seals显示文摘Preliminary design and simulation of a free piston engine suitable for small-scale energy production in distributed energy systems is presented in this paper.The properties,particularly the properties of gas seals of the engine are simulated using a simulation program developed for this case,and the results are utilized in preliminary main design parameter selection.The engine simulation program was developed by combining and modifying the source codes of the simulation and calculation programs obtained from Helsinki University of Technology,Tampere University of Technology,and Lappeenranta University of Technology.Because of the contact-free labyrinth seal used in the piston,the efficiency of the motor is lower than the efficiency of a conventional motor with oil lubricated piston rings.On the other hand,the lack of bearing losses,and the lack of losses associated with a crankshaft system and a gearbox,as well as the lack of lubrication oil expenses,compensates this effect.As a net result,this new motor would perform slightly better than the conventional one.Being completely oil-free,it is very environmentally friendly,and its exhaust gases are completely free of oil residuals which are causing problems in normal gas motors. | Jaakko Larjola Juha Honkatukia Petri Sallinen Jari Backman | 2010 | Journal of Thermal Science2010，19，2： | 4 |
| 6 | Feasibility of Pulse Combustion in Micro Gas Turbines显示文摘In gas turbines, a fast decrease of efficiency appears when the output decreases; the efficiency of a large gas turbine (20…30 MW) is in the order of 40 %, the efficiency of a 30 kW gas turbine with a recuperator is in the order of 25 %, but the efficiency of a very small gas turbine (2…6 kW) in the order of 4…6 % (or 8…12 % with an optimal recuperator). This is mainly a result of the efficiency decrease in kinetic compressors, due to the Reynolds number effect. Losses in decelerating flow in a flow passage are sensitive to the Reynolds number effects. In contrary to the compression, the efficiency of expansion in turbines is not so sensitive to the Reynolds number; very small turbines are made with rather good efficiency because the flow acceleration stabilizes the boundary layer. This study presents a system where the kinetic compressor of a gas turbine is replaced with a pulse combustor. The combustor is filled with a combustible gas mixture, ignited, and the generated high pressure gas is expanded in the turbine. The process is repeated frequently, thus producing a pulsating flow to the turbine; or almost a uniform flow, if several parallel combustors are used and triggered alternately in a proper way. Almost all the compression work is made by the temperature increase from the combustion. This gas turbine type is investigated theoretically and its combustor also experimentally with the conclusion that in a 2 kW power size, the pulse flow gas turbine is not as attractive as expected due to the big size and weight of parallel combustors and due to the efficiency being in the order of 8 % to 10 %. However, in special applications having a very low power demand, below 1000 W, this solution has better properties when compared to the conventional gas turbine and it could be worth of a more detailed investigation. | Juha Honkatukia Esa Saari Timo Knuuttila Jaakko Larjola Jari Backman | 2012 | Journal of Thermal Science2012，21，5： | 2 |
| 7 | A geologically-based approach to map arsenic risk in crystalline aquifers:Analysis of the Tampere region, Finland显示文摘The study illustrates the critical role of accurate geological structural mapping to delineate crystalline aquifer zones more prone to high health risk due to elevated dissolved As in drinking wells.The analysis revisits the results from more than 1200 groundwater samples collected over ten years from domestic wells across the Tampere region (Finland).It is demonstrated that the highest dissolved As concentrations in the region (up to 2230 mg/L) are exclusively found near major faults and deformation zones (FDZs) detected via geophysical and geological surveys,and that a clear correlation exists between dissolved concentrations and the distance from the FDZs (r).Almost all values exceeding the drinking water limit (10 mg/L) occur at r < 8 km,while concentrations above 100 mg/L occur at r < 4 km.Solidphase As concentrations in bedrock show less dependency on FDZ than aqueous concentrations.This behavior is explained considering different mechanisms,which include enhanced sulfide oxidation and fracture connectivity,promoting preferential transport of dissolved As to FDZs and mixing of waters from different redox zones,mobilizing preferentially As(III) or As(V).Fe hydro-oxides may also precipitate/ dissolve preferentially because of FDZs,while residence time may influence the contact time between water and As-bearing minerals.It is concluded that the accurate mapping of FDZs,and in general of structural geology,provides an important preliminary information to identify where localized,sitespecific characterization of hydrogeology and geochemistry is more urgent to reduce As-related health risk from groundwater intake. | Daniele Pedretti Samrit Luoma Timo Ruskeeniemi Birgitta Backman | 2019 | Geoscience Frontiers2019，10，5： | 2 |
| 8 | Mapping of the locus of autosomal dominant amelogenesis imperfecta (AIH2) to a 4-Mb YAC contig on chromosome 4q11-q21显示文摘 | Karrman C Backman B Dixon M | 1997 | Genomics1997，39，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Autologous osteoarticular transfer from the proximal tibiofibular joint to the scaphoid and lunate facets in the treatment of severe diatal radial fractures:a report of two cases 显示文摘 | Mehin R Giachino AA Backman D | 2003 | J Hand Surg (Am)2003，28，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Endophytes:An emerging tool for biological control显示文摘 | BACKMAN P A SIKOYRA R A | 2008 | Biol Contr2008，46，： | 1 |
| 11 | Internal plate fixation of fractures:short history and recent developments显示文摘 | Uhthoff HK PortrasP Backman DS | 2006 | J Orhtop2006，11，2： | 1 |
| 12 | The usefulness of selected variables for predicting activity loyalty显示文摘 | Backman S J Crompton J L | 1991 | Leisure Science1991，，13： | 1 |
| 13 | Daclizumab prevents acute rejection and improves patient survival post transplantation:1 year pooled analysis显示文摘 | Ekberg H Backman L Tufverson G | 2000 | Transplant Int2000，13，： | 1 |
| 14 | Intraduodenal neuropeptide levels, but not plasma levels, vary in a cyclic fashion with the migrating motor complex 显示文摘 | Naslund E Backman L Theodorsson E | 1998 | Acta Physiol Scand1998，164，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of grapefruit juice dose on grapefruit juice-triazolam interaction: Repeated consumption prolongs triazolam half-life 显示文摘 | Lilja JJ Kivisto KT Backman JT | 2000 | Eur J Clin Pharmacol2000，56，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Effects of liquor heat treatment on black liquor combustion properties 显示文摘 | VAKKILAINEN E BACKMAN R FORSSEN M | 1999 | Pulp Pap Can1999，100，8： | 1 |
| 17 | Changes of cerebrospinal fluid monoamine metabolites during long-term antidepressant treatment显示文摘 | Backman J Alling C Alsen M | 2000 | Eur Neuropsychopharmacol2000，10，： | 1 |
| 18 | The anti-VEGF antibody bevacizumab potently reduces the growth rate of high- risk neuroblastoma xenografts 显示文摘 | Segerstrom L Fuchs D Backman U | 2006 | Pediatric Res2006，60，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Sintering mechanisms of FBC ashes显示文摘 | SKRIFVARS B J HUPA M BACKMAN R HILTUNEN M | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 20 | Monitoring of general knowledge : evidencefor preservation in early Alzheimer's disease 显示文摘 | Backman L Lipinska B | 1993 | Neuropsycholo-gia1993，31，4： | 1 |
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