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| 1 | History and evaluation of national-scale geochemical data sets for the United States显示文摘六国家规模,或近国家规模,为土壤的 geochemical 数据集合或溪流沉积为美国存在。这些最早,这里称为 Shacklette 数据集合,被从 1961 ~ 1975 进行的一个美国地质的调查(USGS ) 工程产生。这个工程使用了在整个有共同边界的美国在 1323 个地点作为采样媒介从大约 20 厘米的深度收集的土壤美国能源部的国家的铀资源评估 Hydrogeochemical 和流沉积侦察( NURE-HSSR )程序从 1975~1984 被进行并且收集了任何一个流沉积,在在有共同边界的美国和阿拉斯加的超过 378,000 个地点的湖沉积,或土壤。取样的区域代表了大约 65% 国家。从 1978 ~ 1982,自然资源保存服务(NRCS ) 在这个数据设置了的有共同边界的美国的主要成长庄稼的区域以内在地点从多重土壤地平线收集了样品包含超过 3000 件样品的分析。国家 Geochemical 调查,从 1997 ~ 2009 进行,把 NURE-HSSR 档案的样品的一个子集用作它的起点然后首先收集了溪流沉积的一个 USGS 工程与偶尔的土壤,在没被 NURE-HSSR 盖住的美国的部分编程序。这个数据集合为超过 70,000 件样品包含化学分析。与墨西哥地质的调查和加拿大的地质的调查合作, USGS 在 2007 为北美的土壤 Geochemical 风景工程开始了土壤采样。在在美国的超过 4800 个地点的三根地平线或深度的采样在 2010 被完成,并且化学分析当前是进行中的。NRCS 在 1990 年代开始了一个工程全部从选择 pedons 分析各种各样的土壤地平线这个数据设置了的美国当前从超过 1400 个地点包含数据。这份报纸(1 ) 以它的目的,样品收集协议,和分析方法讨论每个数据集合;并且(2 ) 为印射的国家规模的 geochemical 作为一个国家规模的 geochemical 数据库和它的实用性以它的适当评估每个数据集合。 | David B.Smith Steven M.Smith John D.Horton | 2013 | Geoscience Frontiers2013，4，2： | 8 |
| 2 | History and Progress of the North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project,2001-2010显示文摘In 2007,the U.S.Geological Survey,the Geological Survey of Canada,and the Mexican Geological Survey initiated a low-density(1 site per 1600 km2,13323 sites) geochemical and mineralogical survey of North American soils(North American Soil Geochemical Landscapes Project).Sampling and analytical protocols were developed at a series of workshops in 2003-2004 and pilot studies were conducted from 2004-2007.The ideal sampling protocol at each site includes a sample from 0-5 cm depth,a composite of the soil A horizon,and a sample from the soil C horizon.The <2-mm fraction of each sample is analyzed for Al,Ca,Fe,K,Mg,Na,S,Ti,Ag,Ba,Be,Bi,Cd,Ce,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Ga,In,La,Li,Mn,Mo,Nb,Ni,P,Pb,Rb,Sb,Sc,Sn,Sr,Te,Th,Tl,U,V,W,Y,and Zn by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry following a near-total digestion in a mixture of HCl,HNO3,HClO4,and HF.Separate methods are used for As,Hg,Se,and total C on this same size fraction.The major mineralogical components are determined by a quantitative X-ray diffraction method.Sampling in the conterminous U.S.was completed in 2010(c.4800 sites) with chemical and mineralogical analysis currently underway.In Mexico,approximately 66% of the sampling(871 sites) had been done by the end of 2010 with completion expected in 2012.After completing sampling in the Maritime provinces and portions of other provinces(472 sites,7.6% of the total),Canada withdrew from the project in 2010.Preliminary results for a swath from the central U.S.to Florida clearly show the effects of soil parent material and climate on the chemical and mineralogical composition of soils.A sample archive will be established and made available for future investigations. | David B.Smith William F.Cannon Laurel G.Woodruff Francisco Moreira Rivera Andrew N.Rencz Robert G.Garrett | 2012 | 地学前缘2012，19，3： | 7 |
| 3 | The IUGS/IAGC Task Group on Global Geochemical Baselines显示文摘The Task Group on Global Geochemical Baselines,operating under the auspices of both the International Union of Geological Sciences(IUGS) and the International Association of Geochemistry(IAGC),has the long-term goal of establishing a global geochemical database to document the concentration and distribution of chemical elements in the Earth's surface or near-surface environment.The database and accompanying element distribution maps represent a geochemical baseline against which future human-induced or natural changes to the chemistry of the land surface may be recognized and quantified.In order to accomplish this long-term goal,the activities of the Task Group include:(1) developing partnerships with countries conducting broad-scale geochemical mapping studies;(2) providing consultation and training in the form of workshops and short courses;(3) organizing periodic international symposia to foster communication among the geochemical mapping community;(4) developing criteria for certifying those projects whose data are acceptable in a global geochemical database;(5) acting as a repository for data collected by those projects meeting the criteria for standardization;(6) preparing complete metadata for the certified projects;and(7) preparing,ultimately,a global geochemical database.This paper summarizes the history and accomplishments of the Task Group since its first predecessor project was established in 1988. | David B.Smith Shaun Reeder Alecos Demetriades | 2012 | 地学前缘2012，19，3： | 5 |
| 4 | Vitamin A regulates intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle development:promoting high-quality beef production显示文摘During growth in cattle,the development of intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle is dependent upon cell hyperplasia(increased number of adipocytes)and hypertrophy(increased size of adipocytes).Based on the results of previous studies,other adipose tissue depots(e.g.,perirenal and subcutaneous)develop from the fetal stage primarily as brown adipose tissue.The hyperplastic stage of intramuscular adipose is considered to develop from late pregnancy,but there is no evidence indicating that intramuscular adipose tissue develops initially as brown adipose tissue.Hyperplastic growth of intramuscular adipose continues well into postweaning and is dependent on the timing of the transition to grain-based diets;thereafter,the late-stage development of intramuscular adipose tissue is dominated by hypertrophy.For muscle development,hyperplasia of myoblasts lasts from early(following development of somites in the embryo)to middle pregnancy,after which growth of muscle is the result of hypertrophy of myofibers.Vitamin A is a fat-soluble compound that is required for the normal immunologic function,vision,cellular proliferation,and differentiation.Here we review the roles of vitamin A in intramuscular adipose tissue and muscle development in cattle.Vitamin A regulates both hyperplasia and hypertrophy in in vitro experiments.Vitamin A supplementation at the early stage and restriction at fattening stage generate opposite effects in the beef cattle.Appropriate vitamin A supplementation and restriction strategy increase intramuscular adipose tissue development(i.e.,marbling or intramuscular fat)in some in vivo trials.Besides,hyperplasia and hypertrophy of myoblasts/myotubes were affected by vitamin A treatment in in vitro trials.Additionally,some studies reported an interaction between the alcohol dehydrogenase-1C(ADH1C)genotype and vitamin A feed restriction for the development of marbling and/or intramuscular adipose tissue,which was dependent on the timing and level of vitamin A restriction.Therefore,the feed strategy of vitamin A has the visible impact on the marbling and muscle development in the cattle,which will be helpful to promote the quality of the beef. | Dong Qiao Peng Stephen B.Smith Hong Gu Lee | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，3： | 5 |
| 5 | Renal artery embolization: clinical indications and experience from over 100 cases显示文摘 | Michael J.Schwartz Eric B.Smith David W.Trost E. DarracottVaughan | 2006 | BJU International2006，，4： | 2 |
| 6 | Ultrabright and Bioorthogonal Labeling of Cellular Targets Using Semiconducting Polymer Dots and Click Chemistry显示文摘 | ChangfengWu YuhuiJin ThomasSchneider Daniel R.Burnham Polina B.Smith Daniel T.Chiu | 2010 | Angewandte Chemie International Edition2010，，49： | 1 |
| 7 | Auditor “Subject To” Opinions, Disclaimers and Auditor Relations显示文摘 | David B.Smith | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model显示文摘 | S.Sitch B.Smith I. C.Prentice A.Arneth A.Bondeau W.Cramer J. O.Kaplan S.Levis W.Lucht M. T.Sykes K.Thonicke S.Venevsky | 2003 | Global Change Biology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Evaluation of ecosystem dynamics, plant geography and terrestrial carbon cycling in the LPJ dynamic global vegetation model显示文摘 | S.Sitch B.Smith I. C.Prentice A.Arneth A.Bondeau W.Cramer J. O.Kaplan S.Levis W.Lucht M. T.Sykes K.Thonicke S.Venevsky | 2003 | Global Change Biology2003，，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Deposit Insurance and Lender-of-Last-Resort Functions显示文摘 | Sleet C B.Smith | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Financial Intermediation and Endogenous Growth显示文摘 | 0Bencivenga V B.Smith | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 12 | Dietary substitution of soybean oil with coconut oil in the absence of dietary antibiotics supports growth performance and immune function in nursery and grower pigs显示文摘Background:We hypothesized that supplementation of nursery and grower pig diets with coconut oil in the absence of antibiotics would yield maintenance of glucose homeostasis,growth performance,and immune function similar to what is achieved with nursery and grower pig diets containing antibiotics.Pigs received the same base treatment diets from d24(weaning)to d71 of age and had blood and fecal samples collected on d24,d31,d45 and d71 for measurement of whole blood glucose,serum insulin,cortisol and cytokines,and fecal microbiome.Pigs had weekly weights and daily feed consumption measured throughout the study.Animals were euthanized at d71 and subcutaneous fat and ileal contents were collected for assessment for fatty acids and microbiome,respectively.Diet treatments consisted of 2%soybean oil plus antibiotics(ABX;n=22),2%soybean oil without antibiotics(NABX;n=22),and 2%coconut oil without antibiotics(COC;n=22).Statistical analysis examined the effect of diet within each timepoint using a repeated measures ANOVA.Results:Pigs fed COC diet had decreased serum insulin levels,maintained feed intake,feed conversion and weight gain,and,based on serum cytokines and fecal microbiome,were immunologically similar to ABX-fed pigs.However,NABX-fed pigs performed similarly to the ABX-fed pigs in all parameters except for serum cytokines.Additionally,there was no difference in the incidence of diarrhea between any of the diet treatments.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that dietary antibiotics are not necessary to maintain growth performance in nursery and grower pigs.However,dietary antibiotics appear to modulate circulating cytokine levels.Dietary coconut oil is neither harmful nor helpful to growth performance or immune function in nursery and grower pigs but does modulate serum insulin levels.Therefore,while coconut oil fed at 2%by weight is a suitable substitute for dietary antibiotics,this study suggests that no substitute for dietary antibiotics is needed at all. | Andrea G.Braundmeier-Fleming Cassandra S.Skenandore Lesly Gil Victoria Jacobsen Melissa Cregger Taylor Badger Mallory Karr Guoyao Wu Stephen B.Smith Annie E.Newell-Fugate | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，2： | 1 |
| 13 | μ介子转化电子装置超导磁体低温系统显示文摘μ介子转化为电子的试验装置(MECO)将安装在美国布鲁克海文国家实验室的交变磁场梯度同步加速器中。一台4.5K千瓦制冷量的氦制冷设备将为MECO试验中的四个大型的超导螺线管磁体提供冷量,针对MECO中超导磁体的性能特点及要求,主要讨论了该低温系统中每个超导磁体的冷却方法以及相应氦制冷机的流程设计方案。 | 杜宏鹏 王莉 贾林祥 汤宏明 B.Smith A.Zhukovsky | 2008 | 低温与超导2008，36，2： | 0 |
| 14 | 碳酸盐岩储层的构造控制热液蚀变显示文摘本期(2006年11期)《AAPG Bulletin》专辑的内容是碳酸盐岩及其储层的构造控制热液蚀变。这种蚀变涉及碳酸盐主岩的一系列岩相变化,包括硫化物矿床、热液白云岩和淋溶石灰岩,它在很多情况下都会对储层的类型、几何形态、性能和分布产生重大影响。在北美地区,热液白云岩(HTD)储层的勘探和开发已有很长历史,其最早的油气发现是在美国东北部的奥陶系莱马-印第安纳(Lima-Indiana)和其它构造带(Hurley和Budros,1990;Wickstrom等,1992),而目前在美国东北部和加拿大东部的密歇根盆地和阿巴拉契亚盆地北部的特伦顿-布莱克里弗(Trenton-BlackRiver)成藏层带及其他层位,仍继续有油气发现。 | Langhorne B.Smith Jr. Graham R.Davies 白振瑞(译) | 2007 | 石油地质科技动态2007，，5： | 0 |
| 15 | 纽约州上奥陶统特伦顿-布莱克里弗群热液白云岩储层的成因和特性显示文摘过去的十年来,在纽约州中南部上奥陶统布莱克里弗(BlackRiver)组的横向不连续白云岩中先后发现了20多个新气田。这些白云岩出现在地震资料可以识别的深入基底的扭断层附近。解释认为,分布在狭长的以断层为界的构造低地及其周围的大多数气田都属于负花状构造。断层远处的地层是不渗透的石灰岩,它们构成了有关储层的侧向封闭层。在多数情况下,这些断层消失在上覆的特伦顿(Trenton)组石灰岩和尤蒂卡(Utica)组页岩内。孔隙度主要发育于内壁覆盖有鞍状白云石的孔洞、角砾和裂缝带中。在本次研究所描述的布莱克里弗群岩心中,基质孔隙度不常见。
深入基底断层附近的白云岩不规则分布以及地球化学和流体包裹体的分析都支持鞍状和基质白云岩具有与断层有关的热液成因。因为处于反常规的构造环境(即构造低地对构造高地),此类成藏层带多年来都没有被发现。如能采用适当的构造-地层-成岩作用综合模型,就有可能在纽约州的布菜克里弗群和全球的碳酸盐岩地层中发现更多的热液白云岩天然气藏。 | Langhorne B.Smith Jr. 白振瑞(译) | 2007 | 石油地质科技动态2007，，5： | 0 |
| 16 | SafeHTML:是敌是友?——有了它,浏览HTML文档会更加安全吗?显示文摘微软在2001年6月的文档“Incorrect Attachment Processing in Exchange Server 5.5 Outlook Web Access Can Run Script”中介绍了SafeHTML。第一个在基本代码中引入SafeHTML的Exchange版本是Exchange Server2003,之前的Exchange 2000 Server和Exchange 55都需要安装一个更新来激活这个功能。 | Michael B.Smith 薛玮(译者) | 2009 | Windows IT Pro Magazine(国际中文版)2009，，4： | 0 |
| 17 | 身无双翼亦能飞显示文摘以下是一位13岁美国小女孩的骑马经历,看完之后,大家是不是也跃跃欲试呢?这个春天,让我们随她一起,策马扬鞭踏青去! | Elizabeth B.Smith 菜菜 | 2007 | 疯狂英语(初中天地)2007，，4： | 0 |
| 18 | 模拟训练中的自动化武力对抗显示文摘对于军事模拟训练的成功应用,逼真的武力对抗是很关键的。不幸的是,一些因素使得仿真武力对抗的人工控制难以实现甚至不可能实现。本文探讨了这些因素并讨论了在强交互性情形下,自动交互式目标(AIT)如何帮助训练演习控制者(TEC)提供有效、真实的武力对抗。原型远程AIT处理系统(RAPS)的特性说明了如何根据TEC对自动化实体的要求来设计一个AIT系统。RAPS可为现有系统或新系统提供对AIT的遥控,其优良的特性能使TEC自由地选择和控制AIT进行个别训练演习和全体船员的熟练演习。 | Philip S.Anton Kenneth L.McAdow David B.Smith Paul F.Lehner Cdr.Michael A.Sharp 刘庆文 | 1996 | 舰船指挥控制系统1996，，3： | 0 |
| 19 | 罐车牵引梁失效容限分析全尺寸验证试验显示文摘介绍了用于铁道车辆的全尺寸多轴液压伺服台——模拟加载器 ,以及建立在裂纹分析方法基础上的失效容限分析 ,并以北美铁路罐车工业所承担的罐车牵引梁研究项目为例 ,采用模拟加载器来验证失效容限分析。 | Keith B.smith 陈嘉佑 | 2001 | 国外铁道车辆2001，38，4： | 0 |
| 20 | 遗传亲属辨认:蜜蜂辨别全姊妹和半姊妹显示文摘 | 颜伟玉 饶波 Wayne M.Getz Katherine B.Smith | 2002 | 养蜂科技2002，，6： | 0 |
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