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| 1 | Focal liver lesions:Practical magnetic resonance imaging approach显示文摘With the widespread of cross-sectional imaging, a growth of incidentally detected focal liver lesions(FLL) has been observed. A reliable detection and characterization of FLL is critical for optimal patient management. Maximizing accuracy of imaging in the context of FLL is paramount in avoiding unnecessary biopsies, which may result in post-procedural complications. A tremendous development of new imaging techniques has taken place during these last years. Nowadays, Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) plays a key role in management of liver lesions, using a radiation-free technique and a safe contrast agent profile. MRI plays a key role in the non-invasive correct characterization of FLL. MRI is capable of providing comprehensive and highly accurate diagnostic information, with the additional advantage of lack of harmful ionizing radiation. These properties make MRI the mainstay for the noninvasive evaluation of focal liver lesions. In this paper we review the state-of-the-art MRI liver protocol, briefly discussing different sequence types, the unique characteristics of imaging non-cooperative patients and discuss the role of hepatocyte-specific contrast agents. A review of the imaging features of the most common benign and malignant FLL is presented, supplemented by a schematic representation of a simplistic practical approach on MRI. | António P Matos Fernanda Velloni Miguel Ramalho Mamdoh AlObaidy Aruna Rajapaksha Richard C Semelka | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，16： | 6 |
| 2 | Selenium supplementation in thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: an update显示文摘·The therapeutic effect of selenium(Se)has already been proven in thyroid disease and thyroid associated ophthalmopathy(TAO).In spite of clear scientific proof of its benefits in TAO,there appears to be no clear agreement among the clinicians regarding its optimum dose,duration of the treatment,efficacy and safety to date.In this review,the author summarises the findings of 135 English language articles published on this subject over the past four decades from 1973 to 2013.The regulation and metabolism of thyroid hormones require a steady supply of Se and recent studies have revealed several possible mechanisms by which Se improves the severity of thyroid disease and TAO.These mechanisms include 1)inhibitory effect of HLA-DR molecule expression on thyrocytes;2)profound reductions of thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)receptor antibodies(TSHR-Ab)and TPO antibodies(TPO-Ab);3)prevention of dysregulation of cell-mediated immunity and B cell function;4)neutralising reactive oxygen species(ROS)and inhibition of redox control processes required for the activation,differentiation and action of lymphocytes,macrophages,neutrophils,natural killer cells involved in both acute and chronic orbital inflammation in TAO;5)inhibition of expression of proinflammatory cytokines and 6)inhibition of prostaglandin and leukotriene synthesis.An increased oxidative stress has been observed in both acute and chronic phases of thyroid disease with raised tissue concentrations of ROS.The benefits of Se supplementation in individuals with TAO appear to be proportionate to the degree of systemic activity of the thyroid disease.The maximal benefit of Se supplementation is therefore seen in thesubjects who are hyperthyroid.Restoration of euthyroidism is one of the main goals in the management of TAO and when anti-thyroid drugs are combined with Se,the patients with Graves'disease(GD)and autoimmune thyroiditis(AIT)achieved euthyroidism faster than those treated with anti-thyroid drugs alone.Se status of normal adult humans can vary widely and Se supplementation may confer benefit only if serum Se levels are insufficient.The author recommends that serum Se levels of patients with TAO to be assessed prior to and during Se supplementation at regular intervals to avoid potential iatrogenic chronic Se overdose. | Aruna Dharmasena | 2014 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2014，7，2： | 5 |
| 3 | High level of urokinase plasminogen activator contributes to cholangiocarcinoma invasion and metastasis显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) invasion and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. METHODS: uPA expression in CCA tissue was determined by immunohistochemistry. The level of uPA from two CCA cell lines (HuCCA-1 and KKU-M213) and a noncancer immortalized cholangiocyte cell line (H69) was monitored by plasminogen-gelatin zymography and western blotting, whereas that of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) protein and uPA receptor (uPAR)mRNA was monitored by western blotting and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Two independent methods were employed to suppress uPA function: a synthetic uPA inhibitor (B428) and silencing of uPA gene expression using siRNA. In vitro invasion of the uPA-disrupted cells was assessed by Matrigel-coated Transwell assay. RESULTS: The immunohistochemical study showed that 75.3% (131/174) of CCA tissues expressed uPA. High uPA expression was correlated with lymphatic invasion and metastasis of CCA patients. Plasminogen-gelatin zymography of the conditioned media and cell-surface eluates showed that both CCA cell lines, but not H69, expressed both secreted and membrane-bound forms of uPA. Although the two CCA cell lines, HuCCA-1 and KKU-M213, expressed a relatively high level of uPA and uPAR, the latter exhibited a much lower degree of in vitro invasiveness, correlating with a high expression of PAI-1 in the latter, but not in the former. Suppressing uPA function with a specific uPA inhibitor, B428, or with siRNA against uPA reduced in vitro invasiveness of KKU-M213 cells, demonstrating the requirement for uPA in the invasiveness of CCA cells. Therefore, our in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that uPA is an important requirement for the invasion process of CCA. CONCLUSION: uPA expression correlates with lymphatic invasion and metastasis in vivo and is required for CCA cell invasion in vitro , suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target. | Parichut Thummarati Sitsom Wijitburaphat Aruna Prasopthum Apaporn Menakongka Banchob Sripa Rutaiwan Tohtong Tuangporn Suthiphongchai | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，3： | 4 |
| 4 | Chemopreventive effect of apple and berry fruits against colon cancer显示文摘Colon cancer arises due to the conversion of precancerous polyps(benign)found in the inner lining of the colon.Prevention is better than cure,and this is very true with respect to colon cancer.Various epidemiologic studies have linked colorectal cancer with food intake.Apple and berry juices are widely consumed among various ethnicities because of their nutritious values.In this review article,chemopreventive effects of these fruit juices against colon cancer are discussed.Studies dealing with bioavailability,in vitro and in vivo effects of apple and berry juices are emphasized in this article.A thorough literature survey indicated that various phenolic phytochemicals present in these fruit juices have the innate potential to inhibit colon cancer cell lines.This review proposes the need for more preclinical evidence for the effects of fruit juices against different colon cancer cells,and also strives to facilitate clinical studies using these juices in humans in large trials.The conclusion of the review is that these apple and berry juices will be possible candidates in the campaign against colon cancer. | Saravana Kumar Jaganathan Muthu Vignesh Vellayappan Gayathri Narasimhan Eko Supriyanto Dyah Ekashanti Octorina Dewi Aqilah Leela T Narayanan Arunpandian Balaji Aruna Priyadarshini Subramanian Mustafa Yusof | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，45： | 3 |
| 5 | Remote sensing classification of western Sierra Leone using landsat TM and ETM+显示文摘The study examines the changes of land cover/use resources for the period under investigation.An unsupervised vegetation classification is being performed that provides five distinctive classes and thus assesses these changes in five broad land cover classes-high/moist forests,forest regrowth,mixed savanna,bare land/ grass and water.The remote sensing images used in this work are both images of TM and ETM+in different time periods(1986 to 2001)to determine land cover/use changes.A fairly accuracy report is recorded after performing the unsupervised classification,which shows vegetation has been depleted for over the years.Changes created are mostly human and to a lesser extent environment.Human activities are mainly encroachment thus altering the landscape through activities such as population growth,agriculture,settlements,etc.and environment due to some perceive climatic changes.This vegetation classification highlights the importance to acquire and publish information about the country's partial vegetation cover and vegetation change including vegetation maps and other basic vegetation influencing factors,leading to an understanding of its evolution for a period. | Aruna V.F.Conteh | 2012 | Global Geology2012，15，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Studies on Epoxidised Castor Oil as Co-Plasticizer with Epoxidised Soyabean Oil for PVC Processing显示文摘An acidic cation exchange resin has been used to prepare epoxidised castor oil(ECO)which was used as a co-plasticizer with epoxidised soyabean oil(ESBO)for processing polyvinyl chloride(PVC).The structure of ECO was confirmed and its physico chemical properties were evaluated.PVC/(ESBO&ECO)blends were prepared by melt mixing and compression molded into sheets.The specimens were evaluated for tensile properties,impact strength and hardness.While the tensile strength did not vary much,the elongation reduced with the replacement of ESBO with ECO.Dynamic mechanical studies revealed that the glass transition temperature increased with incorporation of ECO,however,the storage modulus was not altered much.Replacing 20%of ESBO with ECO resulted in blends with desired thermal and mechanical properties without affecting the processability of PVC. | Gouni Thirupathiah Sukanya Satapathy Aruna Palanisamy | 2019 | Journal of Renewable Materials2019，7，8： | 3 |
| 7 | Effect of Alstonia scholaris bark extract on testicular function of Wistar rats显示文摘Aim:To evaluate the antifertility effect of Alstonia scholaris bark extract in male rats.Methods:In male Wistar rats Alstonia scholaris bark extract was given by oral route at a dose of 200mg/day for60days,The fertility and testicular function were assessed by mating tests,sperm motility,sperm concentration,biochemical indices and testicular cell population dynamics.Results:Oral feeding with the extract at a dose of 200mg/day for the period of 60days did not cause body weight loss,while the weights of testes,epididymides,seminal vesicle and ventral prostate were significantly reduced.The production of step-19 spermatids was reduced by 79.6%in treated rats.The popu-lation of preleptotene and pachytene spermatocytes were decrased by61.9%and60.1%,respectively.Spematogo-nia and Sertoli cell population were also affected.The seminiferous tubule and Leydig cell nuclear area were reduced significantly(P<0.01)when compared to the controls..Reduced sperm count and motility yesulted in a total supprs-sion of fertility.A significant fall in the protein and sialic acid content of the testes,epididymides,seminal vesicle and ventral prostate as well as glycogen content of testes were also noticed.The fructose content in the seminal vesicle was lowered whereas the testicular cholesterol was elevated as compared with the controls.The following com-pounds were obtained from the extract with chromatographic separation over Si-gel column;α-amyrin,β-amyrin,lupiol acetate,venenative,rhazine and yohimbine,Conclusion:At the dose level employed,Alstonia scholaris bark extract has a significant antifertility effect in male rast;the primary site of action may be post meiotic germ cells(Step19spermatids). | R. S. Gupta Rakhi Sharma Aruna Sharma A.K. Bhatnager M.P. Dobhal Y.C. Joshi M.C. Sharma | 2002 | Asian Journal of Andrology2002，4，3： | 3 |
| 8 | Progress in the research and development of nerve conduits显示文摘The reconstruction after peripheral nerve damage, especially for long‐segment nerve defects, remains a clinical challenge. Autologous nerve graft transplantation is an efficient method for the repair of peripheral nerve defects, but the involved com‐plications and shortcomings have greatly limited the clinical efficacy of treatments offered to patients with nerve defects. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic strategies and explore alternatives to autologous nerve transplantation in clinical practice, based on the knowledge of the peripheral nerve regeneration mechanism and biological histocompatibility principles. With significant advances in the research and application of nerve conduits, they have been used to repair peripheral nerve injury for several decades. In this paper, the study background of nerve conduits, their applications in clinic, status of conduit material research and construction of tissue‐engineered artificial nerves were reviewed. | Xiyuan Wang Lin Chen Qiang Ao Aruna Sharma Hari Shanker Sharma | 2015 | Translational Neuroscience and Clinics2015，1，2： | 2 |
| 9 | Aberrant crypt focus and fragile histidine triad protein in sporadic colorectal carcinoma显示文摘AIM:To characterize aberrant crypt focus (ACF) in adjoining mucosa in sporadic colorectal carcinoma and to evaluate fragile histidine triad (Fhit) protein and Ki67. METHODS:ACF was identified grossly and classified histologically in 75 resected specimens. ACF was typed into hyperplastic ACF (HACF) and dysplastic ACF (DACF). Sections of ACF, carcinoma and normal colonic mucosa as control were studied for Fhit and Ki67 expressions by immunohistochemistry and were grouped according to staining intensity and the number of positive stained cells observed in different histological groups. Comparison was done between the different groups by Pearson's χ 2 test and γ test for the ordinal data. P value < 0.05 was considered as significant.RESULTS:Age range was 40 to 86 years in males (mean = 43.36) and 45 to 70 years in females (mean = 56). HACF was identified in all cases studied in the non-tumorous colonic mucosa; ACF was observed as non-contiguous scattered foci, which supports the hypothesis of acquisition of single focus monoclonality by colonic epithelial cells in tumor generation. Twenty-four (32%) had DACF and were observed as closure to carcinoma foci. Intensity of Fhit expression:(1) HACF 40% exhibited strong intensity, similar to normal, moderate in 36% and weak in 24%; (2) DACF strong in 25%, moderate in 37.5% and weak in 37.5%; and (3) carcinoma negative in 16%, strong in 43% and moderate and weak in 28.5% each. Significant difference was observed in intensity of the Fhit protein expressions by HACF and DACF (P < 0.05). Tumor in older patients showed a stronger Fhit intensity compared to younger patients (P = 0.036). Vegetarian diet intake and nonsmokers showed stronger Fhit intensities. Advanced stage tumor, non-vegetarian diet and younger age was associated with loss of Fhit protein. Ki67 positivity was an extended crypt pattern in HACF and DACF showed extension up to the neck region of the crypts and surface epithelium. Carcinomas showed a marked increase in Ki67 expression (P < 0.05). Fhit protein had an inverse association with Ki67 expression. CONCLUSION:Weaker Fhit intensity was associated with smoking, non-vegetarian diet intake and increasing Ki67 expression. Loss of Fhit protein expression is possibly influenced by environmental factors like smoking and non-vegetarian diet intake. | Kim Vaiphei Aruna Rangan Rajinder Singh | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2012，4，12： | 2 |
| 10 | Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial显示文摘 | Paul M Ridker Aruna Pradhan Jean G MacFadyen Peter Libby Robert J Glynn | 2012 | 2012 (9841)2012，，9841： | 2 |
| 11 | Studies on Recovery Efficiencies of Phenols from Phenol Fraction Using Alkali Treatment显示文摘 | S. Aruna Kumari Goruganthula Venkata Subrahmanya Sarma G. M. J. Raju J. V. S. Murty C. BhaskaraSarma | 2013 | Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering2013，7，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Cardiovascular benefits and diabetes risks of statin therapy in primary prevention: an analysis from the JUPITER trial显示文摘 | Paul M Ridker Aruna Pradhan Jean G MacFadyen Peter Libby Robert J Glynn | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，9841： | 2 |
| 13 | Elongated Copper Nanoparticles Coated with a Zwitterionic Surfactant 显示文摘 | R A Salkar P Jeevanandam G Kataby S T Aruna | 2000 | Phys Chem B2000，104，： | 1 |
| 14 | Stem Cell Transplantation in Living Donor Renal Transplantation for Minimization of Immunosuppression显示文摘 | Aruna V. Vanikar Hargovind L. Trivedi | 2012 | Transplantation Journal2012，，8： | 1 |
| 15 | Aqueous Dispersions of Polyurethane Cationomers:A New Approach for Hydrophobic Modification and Crosslinking显示文摘 | Sundar S Aruna Venkateshwarlu U | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Growth and evolution of high-technology business incubation in China 显示文摘 | Aruna Chandra Chia-An Chao | 2011 | Human Systems Management2011，，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Optimization of conditions for preparing leaf protein concentrate from refuse tea 显示文摘 | Aruna RPGA Abeysinghe ISB Jayaweera CD | 2007 | Journal of Food Science and Technology ( Mysore)2007，44，4： | 1 |
| 18 | GIS based malaria informa- tion management system for urban malaria scheme in India显示文摘 | Aruna S Nagpal BN Saxena R | 2003 | Com Met Pro Bio2003，71，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Fiber forming poly(urethane acylsemicarbazides)with photochromic behavior显示文摘 | Aruna P Saimani S Ganga R | 2004 | Journal of Macromolecular Science Part A-pure and Applied Chemistry2004，7，： | 1 |
| 20 | PEGylated gold nanoparticles conjugated to monoclonal F19 antibodies as targeted labeling agents for human pancreatic carcinoma tissue 显示文摘 | Wolfgang E Gary C Aruna S | 2008 | ACS Nano2008，2，11： | 1 |
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