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| 1 | Variation in needle and cone traits in natural populations of Pinus yunnanensis显示文摘Pinus yunnanensis Franch. is a major component of coniferous forests in southwestern China. Little is known about its intraspecific variation. Morphological variations in needle and cone traits of P. yunnanensis were analyzed to quantify variability among and within natural populations.Seven traits were measured on 10 needles collected from 30 trees in each of the 18 sampled populations of P. yunnanensis. Four cone traits were measured in 221 individual trees from nine populations. The results showed that there were significant differences(p \ 0.01) both among populations and within populations in each needle and cone trait.The proportion of phenotypic variation of nearly all needle and cone traits was over 50 % within populations, which showed trees within populations accounted for a majority of the total variation. The needle traits showed higher variability within population than cone traits. Variability in theneedle traits was correlated with geo-climatic parameters(longitude, latitude, altitude, temperature, and precipitation).Needle length and the ratio of needle length to fascicle sheath length showed clinal variation in response to latitudinal and altitudinal gradients. A hierarchical classification of all populations based on needle traits led to the formation of four major groups. The findings provide important genetic information for the evaluation of variation. Moreover, it will assist in management of genetic diversity of P. yunnanensis. | Yulan Xu Keith Woeste Nianhui Cai Xiangyang Kang Genqian Li Shi Chen Anan Duan | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，1： | 15 |
| 2 | Germination and early seedling growth of Pinus densata Mast.provenances显示文摘We studied seed germination and early seedling growth of Pinus densata to explore the range of variability within the species and to inform afforestation practices.Phenotypes were evaluated at a forest tree nursery under conditions that support Pinus yunnanensis, one of the presumed parental species of P. densata. Seeds were collected from 20 open-pollinated trees within each of eight autochthonous populations representing the natural distribution of P. densata in China to assess variation in germination traits and early seedling growth, and to examine the relationships among these traits. Results showed that seeds from all populations germinated and seedlings established successfully. There were significant differences among populations in 13 of 14 traits evaluated. Seed germination and early seedling growth were strongly related to seed size and seed weight. Bigger seeds germinated earlier and faster than small seeds, and seedling size was positively correlated with seed size. Some germination traits were strongly and significantly correlated with climatic variables associated with the provenance of the studied populations. Based on these observations, we conclude there were large, significant, and biologically important differences among P. densata populations in seed germination and seedling growth traits. The observed variability probably reflects a high degree of adaptive differentiation among populations that is likely to be relevant for future afforestation. | Yulan Xu Nianhui Cai Bin He Ruili Zhang Wei Zhao Jianfeng Mao Anan Duan Yue Li Keith Woeste | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Genetic structure of needle morphological and anatomical traits of Pinus yunnanensis显示文摘Pinus yunnanensis Franch. is an particular conifer tree species in Yunnan–Guizhou plateau in southwest China. The morphological and anatomical traits of needles are important to evaluate geographic variation and population dynamics of conifer species. Seedlings from seven populations of P. yunnanensis were analyzed, looking at 22 morphological and anatomical needle traits. The results showed that variations among and within populations were significantly different for all traits and the variance components within populations were generally higher than that among populations in the most tested needle traits. The proportions of three-needle fascicle were significantly different among populations. The traits related to needle size in both morphology and anatomy were positive with latitude and negative with annual temperature and precipitation. Ratio indices, including mesophyllarea/vascular bundle area, mesophyll area/resin canals area, vascular bundle area/resin canals area and mesophyll area/(resin canals area and vascular bundle area), were negatively correlated with elevation and positively correlated with the annual mean temperature, showing some fitness feature for the populations. Needle traits were more significantly correlated with longitude than with other four environmental factors. Needle length was significantly correlated with almost all environmental factors. First four principal components accounted for 81.596 % of the variation with eigenvalues [1; the differences among populations were mainly dependent on needle width,stomatal density, section areas of vascular bundle, total resin canals, and mesophyll, as well as area ratio traits.Seven populations were divided into three categories by Euclidean distance. Variations in needle traits among the populations have shown systematic microevolution in terms of geographic impact on P. yunnanensis. This study would provide empirical data to characterize adaptation and genetic variation of P. yunnanensis, which would be helpful for management of genetic resources and reasonable utilization of them in future. | Yujie Huang Jianfeng Mao Zhiqiang Chen Jingxiang Meng Yulan Xu Anan Duan Yue Li | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Variation in seed and seedling traits and their relations to geo-climatic factors among populations in Yunnan Pine(Pinus yunnanensis)显示文摘Differences in seed germination and seedling growth among populations of Pinus yunnanensis Franch.were quantified to provide information for use in the regeneration,reforestation,and improvement of this species.Seed germination and seedling growth traits at the nursery stage were investigated at the population level.We evaluated relationships between pairs of measured traits as well as the association between measured traits and geoclimatic variables including longitude,latitude,elevation,temperature and precipitation.Seedling growth showed significant differences although a low magnitude of variation was found in the seed germination traits among the populations.Some populations with strong and stable growth(e.g.,the Baoshan population) may be selected as superior seed sources for regeneration and reforestation.Germination percentage was negatively correlated with elevation,and positively with precipitation.In addition,germination index,vigor index and seedling height were positively correlated with precipitation.Seed germination index,cotyledon number and length,and seedling diameter were significantly and positively correlated with seed weight.Strong correlations between pairs of traits will be helpful in early evaluations for the selection of certain prominent traits. | Nianhui Cai Yulan Xu Shi Chen Bin He Genqian Li Yue Li Anan Duan | 2016 | Journal of Forestry Research2016，27，5： | 2 |
| 5 | A Whole-brain Map of Long-range Inputs to GABAergic Interneurons in the Mouse Caudal Forelimb Area显示文摘The caudal forelimb area(CFA)of the mouse cortex is essential in many forelimb movements,and diverse types of GABAergic interneuron in the CFA are distinct in the mediation of cortical inhibition in motor information processing.However,their long-range inputs remain unclear.In the present study,we combined the monosynaptic rabies virus system with Cre driver mouse lines to generate a whole-brain map of the inputs to three major inhibitory interneuron types in the CFA.We discovered that each type was innervated by the same upstream areas,but there were quantitative differences in the inputs from the cortex,thalamus,and pallidum.Comparing the locations of the interneurons in two subregions of the CFA,we discovered that their long-range inputs were remarkably different in distribution and proportion.This whole-brain mapping indicates the existence of parallel pathway organization in the forelimb subnetwork and provides insight into the inhibitory processes in forelimb movement to reveal the structural architecture underlying the functions of the CFA. | Zhuonan Duan Anan Li Hui Gong Xiangning Li | 2020 | Neuroscience Bulletin2020，36，5： | 1 |
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