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| 1 | Insulin resistance is associated with subclinical vascular disease in humans显示文摘Insulin resistance is associated with subclinical vascular disease that is not justified by conventional cardiovascular risk factors,such as smoking or hypercholesterolemia.Vascular injury associated to insulin resistance involves functional and structural damage to the arterial wall that includes impaired vasodilation in response to chemical mediators,reduced distensibility of the arterial wall(arterial stiffness),vascular calcification,and increased thickness of the arterial wall.Vascular dysfunction associated to insulin resistance is present in asymptomatic subjects and predisposes to cardiovascular diseases,such as heart failure,ischemic heart disease,stroke,and peripheral vascular disease.Structural and functional vascular disease associated to insulin resistance is highly predictive of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.Its pathogenic mechanisms remain undefined.Prospective studies have demonstrated that animal protein consumption increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and predisposes to type 2 diabetes(T2D)whereas vegetable protein intake has the opposite effect.Vascular disease linked to insulin resistance begins to occur early in life.Children and adolescents with insulin resistance show an injured arterial system compared with youth free of insulin resistance,suggesting that insulin resistance plays a crucial role in the development of initial vascular damage.Prevention of the vascular dysfunction related to insulin resistance should begin early in life.Before the clinical onset of T2D,asymptomatic subjects endure a long period of time characterized by insulin resistance.Latent vascular dysfunction begins to develop during this phase,so that patients with T2D are at increased cardiovascular risk long before the diagnosis of the disease. | María M Adeva-Andany Eva Ameneiros-Rodríguez Carlos Fernández-Fernández Alberto Domínguez-Montero Raquel Funcasta-Calderón | 2019 | World Journal of Diabetes2019，10，2： | 14 |
| 2 | Subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance is a predictor of death in liver cirrhosis显示文摘AIM:To determine if subclinical abnormal glucose tolerance(SAGT)has influence on survival of non-diabetic patients with liver cirrhosis.METHODS:In total,100 patients with compensatedliver cirrhosis and normal fasting plasma glucose were included.Fasting plasma insulin(FPI)levels were measured,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed.According to OGTT results two groups of patients were formed:those with normal glucose tolerance(NGT)and those with SAGT.Patients were followed every three months.The mean follow-up was932 d(range of 180-1925).Survival was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meyer method,and predictive factors of death were analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model.RESULTS:Of the included patients,30 showed NGT and70 SAGT.Groups were significantly different only in age,INR,FPI and HOMA2-IR.Patients with SAGT showed lower 5-year cumulated survival than NGT patients(31.7%vs 71.6%,P=0.02).Differences in survival were significant only after 3 years of follow-up.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and Model for EndStage Liver Disease(MELD)scores were independent predictors of death.The causes of death in 90.3%of cases were due to complications related to liver disease.CONCLUSION:SAGT was associated with lower survival.SAGT,Child-Pugh B,and high Child-Pugh and MELD scores were independent negative predictors of survival. | Diego García-Compeán Joel Omar Jáquez-Quintana Fernando Javier Lavalle-González José Alberto González-González Linda Elsa Mu?oz-Espinosa Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-PérezEndocrinology Service and Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital 'Dr. José E. González' and Medical School Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Monterrey 64320 México Héctor J Maldonado-Garza | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 12 |
| 3 | Role of monocytes and macrophages in experimental and human acute liver failure显示文摘Acute liver failure (ALF) is a devastating clinical syndrome characterised by progressive encephalopathy, coagulopathy, and circulatory dysfunction, which commonly leads to multiorgan failure and death. Central to the pathogenesis of ALF is activation of the immune system with mobilisation of cellular effectors and massive production of cytokines. As key components of the innate immune system, monocytes and macrophages are postulated to play a central role in the initiation, progression and resolution of ALF. ALF in humans follows a rapidly progressive clinical course that poses inherent difficulties in delineating the role of these pivotal immune cells. Therefore, a number of experimental models have been used to study the pathogenesis of ALF. Here we consider the evidence from experimental and human studies of ALF on the role of monocytes and macrophages in acute hepatic injury and the ensuing extrahepatic manifestations, including functional monocyte deactivation and multiple organ failure. | Lucia A Possamai Charalambos Gustav Antoniades Quentin M Anstee Alberto Quaglia Diego Vergani Mark Thursz Julia Wendon | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，15： | 12 |
| 4 | Regorafenib monotherapy for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer (CORRECT): an international, multicentre, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Axel Grothey Eric Van Cutsem Alberto Sobrero Salvatore Siena Alfredo Falcone Marc Ychou Yves Humblet Olivier Bouché Laurent Mineur Carlo Barone Antoine Adenis Josep Tabernero Takayuki Yoshino Heinz-Josef Lenz Richard M Goldberg Daniel J Sargent Frank Ciho | 2012 | The Lancet2012，，： | 10 |
| 5 | Hepatic abscess induced by foreign body:Case report and literature review显示文摘Hepatic abscess due to perforation of the gastrointestinal tract caused by ingested foreign bodies is uncommon. Pre-operative diagnosis is difficult as patients are often unaware of the foreign body ingestion and symptoms and imagiology are usually non-specific. The authors report a case of 62-year-old woman who was admitted with fever and abdominal pain. Further investigation revealed hepatic abscess, without resolution despite antibiotic therapy. A liver abscess resulting from perforation and intra-hepatic migration of a bone coming from the pilorum was diagnosed by surgery. The literature concerning foreign body-induced perforation of the gastrointestinal tract complicated by liver abscess is reviewed. | Sofia A Santos Sara CF Alberto Elsa Cruz Eduardo Pires Tomás Figueira lia Coimbra José Estevez Mário Oliveira Luís Novais Joo R Deus | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，9： | 10 |
| 6 | How important is donor age in liver transplantation?显示文摘The age of liver donors has been increasing in the past several years because of a donor shortage. In the United States, 33% of donors are age 50 years or older, as are more than 50% in some European countries. The impact of donor age on liver transplantation(LT) has been analyzed in several studies with contradictory conclusions. Nevertheless, recent analyses of the largest databases demonstrate that having an older donor is a risk factor for graft failure. Donor age is included as a risk factor in the more relevant graft survival scores, such as the Donor Risk Index, donor age and Model for End-stage Liver Disease, Survival Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation, and the Balance of Risk. The use of old donors is related to an increased rate of biliary complications and hepatitis C virus-related graft failure. Although liver function does not seem to be significantly affected by age, the incidence of several liver diseases increases with age, and the capacity of the liver to manage or overcome liver diseases or external injuries decreases. In this paper, the importance of age in LT outcomes, the role of donor age as a risk factor, and the influence of aging on liver regeneration are reviewed. | Alberto Lué Estela Solanas Pedro Baptista Sara Lorente Juan J Araiz Agustin Garcia-Gil M Trinidad Serrano | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，21： | 10 |
| 7 | Use of butyrate or glutamine in enema solution reduces inflammation and fibrosis in experimental diversion colitis显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether butyrate or glutamine enemas could diminish inflammation in experimental diversion colitis.METHODS:Wistar specific pathogen-free rats were submitted to a Hartmann's end colostomy and treated with enemas containing glutamine,butyrate,or saline.Enemas were administered twice a week in the excluded segment of the colon from 4 to 12 wk after the surgical procedure.Follow-up colonoscopy was performed every 4 wk for 12 wk.The effect of treatment was evaluated using video-endoscopic and histologic scores and measuring interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-alpha,and transforming growth factor beta production in organ cultures by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:Colonoscopies of the diverted segment showed mucosa with hyperemia,increased number of vessels,bleeding and mucus discharge.Treatment with either glutamine or butyrate induced significant reductions in both colonoscopic(P < 0.02) and histological scores(P < 0.01) and restored the densities of collagen fibers in tissue(P = 0.015;P = 0.001),the number of goblet cells(P = 0.021;P = 0.029),and the rate of apoptosis within the epithelium(P = 0.043;P = 0.011) to normal values.The high levels of cytokines in colon explants from rats with diversion colitis significantly decreased to normal values after treatment with butyrate or glutamine.CONCLUSION:The improvement of experimental diversion colitis following glutamine or butyrate enemas highlights the importance of specific luminal nutrients in the homeostasis of the colonic mucosa and supports their utilization for the treatment of human diversion colitis. | Rodrigo Goulart Pacheco Christiano Costa Esposito Lucas CM Müller Morgana TL Castelo-Branco Leonardo Pereira Quintella Vera Lucia A Chagas Heitor Siffert P de Souza Alberto Schanaider | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，32： | 9 |
| 8 | Renal cell carcinoma: Evolving and emerging subtypes显示文摘Our knowledge of renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is rapidly expanding. For those who diagnose and treat RCC, it is important to understand the new developments. In recent years, many new renal tumors have been described and defined, and our understanding of the biology and clinical correlates of these tumors is changing. Evolving concepts in Xp11 translocation carcinoma, mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma, multilocular cystic clear cell RCC, and carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma are addressed within this review. Tubulocystic carcinoma, thyroid-like follicular carcinoma of kidney, acquired cystic disease-associated RCC, and clear cell papillary RCC are also described. Finally, candidate entities, including RCC with t(6;11) translocation, hybrid oncocytoma/chromophobe RCC, hereditary leiomyomatosis and RCC syndrome, and renal angiomyoadenomatous tumor are reviewed. Knowledge of these new entities is important for diagnosis, treatment and subsequent prognosis. This review provides a targeted summary of new developments in RCC. | Suzanne M Crumley Mukul Divatia Luan Truong Steven Shen Alberto G Ayala Jae Y Ro | 2013 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2013，1，9： | 7 |
| 9 | Speckle tracking echocardiography to assess regional ventricular function in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy显示文摘AIM To explore regional systolic strain of midwall and endocardial segments using speckle tracking echocardiography in patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM).METHODS We prospectively assessed 20 patients(mean age 53 ± 16 years,range:18-81 years,10 were male),with apical HCM. We measured global longitudinal peak systolic strain(GLPSS) in the midwall and endocardium of the left ventricle. RESULTS The diastolic thickness of the 4 apical segments was 16.25 ± 2.75 mm. All patients had a normal global systolicfunction with a fractional shortening of 50% ± 8%. In spite of supernormal left ventricular(LV) systolic function,midwall GLPSS was decreased in all patients,more in the apical(-7.3% ±-8.8%) than in basal segments(-15.5% ±-6.93%),while endocardial GLPPS was significantly greater and reached normal values(apical:-22.8% ±-7.8%,basal:-17.9% ±-7.5%). CONCLUSION This study shows that two-dimensional strain was decreased mainly confined to the mesocardium,while endocardium myocardial deformation was preserved in HCM and allowed to identify subclinical LV dysfunction. This transmural heterogeneity in systolic strain had not been previously described in HCM and could be explained by the distribution of myofibrillar disarray in deep myocardial areas. The clinical application of this novel finding may help further understanding of the pathophysiology of HCM. | María Cristina Saccheri Tomás Francisco Cianciulli Luis Alberto Morita Ricardo JoséMéndez Martín Alejandro Beck Juan Enrique Guerra Alberto Cozzarin Luciana Jimena Puente Lorena Romina Balletti Jorge Alberto Lax | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，4： | 7 |
| 10 | Therapeutic and prophylactic thalidomide in TNBS-induced colitis: Synergistic effects on TNF-α, IL-12 and VEGF production显示文摘AIM: To evaluated the therapeutic and prophylactic effect of thalidomide on 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis. Thalidomide has been reported to downregulate the expression of tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α), IL-12, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), hallmarks of intestinal inflammation in Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided in five groups of ten animals each. Four groups received a rectal infusion of TNBS in ethanol. The first group was sacrificed 7 d after colitis induction. The second and third groups received either thalidomide or placebo by gavage and were sacrificed at 14 d. The fourth group received thalidomide 6 h before TNBS administration, and was sacrificed 7 d after induction. The fifth group acted as the control group and colitis was not induced. Histological inflammatory scores of the colon were performed and lamina propria CD4+ T cells, macrophages, and VEGF+ cells were detected by immunohistochemistry. TNF-a and IL-12 were quantified in the supernatant of organ cultures by ELISA. RESULTS: Significant reduction in the inflammatory score and in the percentage of VEGF+ cells was observed in the group treated with thalidomide compared with animals not treated with thalidomide. Both TNF-αand IL-12 levels were significantly reduced among TNBS induced colitis animals treated with thalidomide compared with animals that did not receive thalidomide. TNF-αlevels were also significantly reduced among the animals receiving thalidomide prophylaxis compared with untreated animals with TNBS-induced colitis. Intestinal levels of TNF-αand IL-12 were significantly correlated with the inflammatory score and the number of VEGF+ cells. CONCLUSION: Thalidomide significantly attenuates TNBS-induced colitis by inhibiting the intestinal production of TNF-α, IL-12, and VEGF. This effect may support the use of thalidomide as an alternate approach in selected patients with CD. | Ana Teresa Carvalho Heitor Souza Antonio Jose Carneiro Morgana Castelo-Branco Kalil Madi Alberto Schanaider Flavia Silva Fernando Antonio Pereira Júnior Márcia G Pereira Cláudio Tortori Ilana Dines Jane Carvalho Eduardo Rocha Celeste Elia | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，15： | 6 |
| 11 | Fatty acid intake in relation to reproductive hormones and testicular volume among young healthy men显示文摘新兴的证据建议饮食的脂肪可以影响阴囊的功能。然而,大多数这域上的出版文学为阴囊的功能把精液质量参数用作唯一的代理。我们在健康的年轻西班牙的人之中与传播繁殖荷尔蒙层次和阴囊的体积检验了胖吸入的协会。这是在在西班牙的 Murcia 区域在 2010 年 10 月和 2011 年 11 月之间进行的 209 个健康男志愿者之中的代表性的研究。参加者在生活方式上完成了问询表,饮食,并且吸烟,并且各经历了物理考试,并且提供了一件血样品。线性回归被用来检验在每种丰满的酸类型和繁殖荷尔蒙层次和阴囊的体积之间的协会。Monounsaturated 丰满的酸吸入相反地与计算免费睾丸激素,全部的睾丸激素,和 inhibin B 的浆液血层次被联系。一个积极协会在多元不堡和的吸入之间被观察丰满的酸,特别地 omega-6 多元不堡和丰满的酸,和 luteinizing 荷尔蒙集中。另外, trans 的吸入丰满的酸与更低的全部的睾丸激素和计算免费睾丸激素集中被联系(P 趋势 = 0.01 和 0.02,分别地) 。omega-3 多元不堡和的吸入丰满的酸断然与阴囊的体积有关当时 omega-6 多元不堡和的吸入丰满的酸和 trans 丰满的酸相反地与阴囊的体积有关。这些数据建议那胖吸入,并且特别地终止 3 的吸入,终止 6,并且 trans 丰满的酸,可以影响阴囊的功能。 | Lidia Minguez-Alarcon Jorge E Chavarro JJaime Mendiola Manuela Roca Cigdem Tanrikut Jesus Vioque Niels Jorgensen Alberto M Torres-Cantero | 2017 | Asian Journal of Andrology2017，19，2： | 5 |
| 12 | Effects of cellulase and xylanase enzymes mixed with increasing doses of Salix babylonica extract on in vitro rumen gas production kinetics of a mixture of corn silage with concentrate显示文摘An in vitro gas production(GP) technique was used to investigate the effects of combining different doses of Salix babylonica extract(SB) with exogenous fibrolytic enzymes(EZ) based on xylanase(X) and cellulase(C), or their mixture(XC; 1:1 v/v) on in vitro fermentation characteristics of a total mixed ration of corn silage and concentrate mixture(50:50, w/w) as substrate. Four levels of SB(0, 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 m L g–1 dry matter(DM)) and four supplemental styles of EZ(1 μL g–1 DM; control(no enzymes), X, C and XC(1:1, v/v) were used in a 4×4 factorial arrangement. In vitro GP(m L g–1 DM) were recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h of incubation. After 72 h, the incubation process was stopped and supernatant p H was determined, and then filtered to determine dry matter degradability(DMD). Fermentation parameters, such as the 24 h gas yield(GY24), in vitro organic matter digestibility(OMD), metabolizable energy(ME), short chain fatty acid concentrations(SCFA), and microbial crude protein production(MCP) were also estimated. Results indicated that there was a SB?EZ interaction(P<0.0001) for the asymptotic gas production(b), the rate of gas production(c), GP from 6 to 72 h, GP2(P=0.0095), and GP4(P=0.02). The SB and different combination of enzymes supplementation influenced(P<0.001) in vitro GP parameters after 12 h of incubation; the highest doses of SB(i.e., 1.8 m L g–1 DM), in the absence of any EZ, quadratically increased(P<0.05) the initial delay before GP begins(L) and GP at different incubation times, with lowering b(quadratic effect, P<0.0001) and c(quadratic effect, P<0.0001; linear effect, P=0.0018). The GP was the lowest(P<0.05) when the highest SB level was combined with cellulose. There were SB?EZ interactions(P<0.001) for OMD, ME, the partitioning factor at 72 h of incubation(PF72), GY24, SCFA, MCP(P=0.0143), and p H(P=0.0008). The OMD, ME, GY24 and SCFA with supp lementation of SB extract at 1.8 m L g–1 DM were higher(P<0.001) than the other treatments, however,PF72 was lower(quadratic effect, P=0.0194) than the other levels. Both C and X had no effect(P>0.05) on OMD, p H, ME, GY24, SCFA and MP. The combination of SB with EZ increased(P<0.001) OMD, ME, SCFA, PF72 and GP24, whereas there was no impact on p H. It could be concluded that addition of SB extract, C, and X effectively improved the in vitro rumen fermentation, and the combination of enzyme with SB extract at the level of 1.2 m L g–1 was more effective than the other treatments. | Abdelfattah Z M Salem German Buendía-Rodríguez Mona M M Elghandour María A Mariezcurrena Berasain Francisco J Pea Jiménez Alberto B Pliego Juan C V Chagoyán María A Cerrillo Miguel A Rodríguez | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，1： | 4 |
| 13 | Systemic, renal, and hepatic hemodynamic derangement in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis显示文摘 | Luis Ruiz-del-Arbol Jesús Urman Javier Fernández Mónica González Miguel Navasa Alberto Monescillo Agustín Albillos Wladimiro Jiménez Vicente Arroyo | 2003 | Hepatology2003，，5： | 4 |
| 14 | Effects of the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin and tillage practices on yield-scaled nitrous oxide emission from a maize field in Iran显示文摘Nitrification inhibitors can effectively decrease nitrification rates and nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emission while increasing crop yield under certain conditions.However,there is no information available on the effects of nitrification inhibitors and tillage practices on N_(2)O emissions from maize cropping in Iran.To study how tillage practices and nitrapyrin(a nitrification inhibitor)affect N_(2)O emission,a split factorial experiment using a completely randomized block design with three replications was carried out in Northeast Iran,which has a cold semiarid climate.Two main plots were created with conventional tillage and minimum tillage levels,and two nitrogen(N)fertilizer(urea)management systems(with and without nitrapyrin application)were created as subplots.Tillage level did not have any significant effect on soil ammonium(NH_(4)^(+))and nitrate(NO_(3)^(-))concentrations,cumulative amount and yield-scaled N_(2)O emission,and aboveground biomass of maize,whereas nitrapyrin application showed significant effect.Nitrapyrin application significantly reduced the cumulative amount of N_(2)O emission by 41%and 32%in conventional tillage and minimum tillage practices,respectively.A reduction in soil NO_(3)^(-)concentration by nitrapyrin was also observed.The average yield-scaled N_(2)O emission was 13.6 g N_(2)O-N kg^(-1)N uptake in both tillage systems without nitrapyrin application and was significantly reduced to 7.9 and 8.2 g N_(2)O-N kg^(-1)N uptake upon the application of nitrapyrin in minimum tillage and conventional tillage practices,respectively.Additionally,nitrapyrin application increased maize biomass yield by 4%and 13%in the minimum tillage and conventional tillage systems,respectively.Our results indicate that nitrapyrin has a potential role in reducing N_(2)O emission from agricultural systems where urea fertilizers are broadcasted,which is common in Iran due to the practice of traditional farming. | Azam BORZOUEI Ulo MANDER Alar TEEMUSK Alberto SANZ-COBENA Mohammad ZAMAN Dong-Gill KIM Christoph MÜLLER Ali Askary KELESTANIE Parvaneh SAYYAD AMIN Ebrahim MOGHISEH Khadim DAWAR Ana Gabriela PÉREZ-CASTILLO | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，2： | 4 |
| 15 | Addition of statins to the standard treatment in patients with cirrhosis:Safety and efficacy显示文摘This review summarizes the safety and efficacy of statins in patients with cirrhosis.Due to concerns about the safety of statins in patients with impaired liver function,they have recently been investigated as a potential treatment option in cirrhosis.The most clinically significant adverse event is statin-related myopathy,and this may be related to the high serum statin concentrations in the setting of severely impaired liver function.Rhabdomyolysis is the most serious and potentially life-threatening manifestation.It has recently been demonstrated that the recommended dose of simvastatin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis would be 20 mg/d because higher values,such as 40 mg/d,are associated with many adverse events,especially muscle injury.Likewise,simvastatin should not be administered to patients with Model for End-stage Liver Disease score>12 and/or Child-Pugh class C because of the high risk of severe muscle injury.Due to the pleiotropic effects,the focus on statins has shifted from being considered harmful to something useful.Through these effects,statins could prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality in cirrhotic patients.Observational studies in large populations of patients with cirrhosis have shown that treatment with statins to decrease high cholesterol levels was associated with a reduced risk of hepatic decompensation,hepatocellular carcinoma development and death.The few randomized controlled trials in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension showed that statins lower portal pressure,quite likely through a reduction in hepatic resistance.Another large randomized controlled trial in patients with variceal bleeding showed that simvastatin in addition to standard of care did not prevent rebleeding but improved survival rate.Despite these encouraging outcomes,the quality of the evidence regarding the use of statins is low or very low due to the observational characteristics of most of the studies involved.Therefore,it is advisable to perform further randomized controlled trials on a large series of patients with hard clinical endpoints,using different statin types and varying doses.The objectives would be to prevent liver-related morbidity and mortality rather than treating cirrhosis complications to take additional information that makes it possible to add statins to the standard of care of these patients. | Alberto E Muñoz Florencia D Pollarsky Mónica Marino Mariano Cartier Horacio Vázquez Pablo Salgado Gustavo Romero | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，28： | 4 |
| 16 | Open label trial of granulocyte apheresis suggests therapeutic efficacy in chronically active steroid refractory ulcerative colitis显示文摘AIM:To study the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of a granulocyte adsorptive type apheresis system for the treatment of patients with chronically active ulcerative colitis despite standard therapy.METHODS: An open label multicenter study was carried out in 39 patients with active ulcerative colitis (CAI6-8) despite continuous use of steroids (a minimum total dose of 400 mg prednisone within the last 4 wk).Patients received a total of five aphereses using a granulocyte adsorptive technique (Adacolumn(R), Otsuka Pharmaceutical Europe, UK). Assessments at wk 6 and during follow-up until 4 mo comprised clinical (CAI) and endoscopic (EI) activity index, histology, quality of life(IBDQ), and laboratory tests.RESULTS: Thirty-five out of thirty-nine patients were qualified for intent-to-treat analysis. After the apheresis treatment at wk 6, 13/35 (37.1%) patients achieved clinical remission and 10/35 (28.6%) patients had endoscopic remission (CAI<4, EI<4). Quality of life (IBDQ) increased significantly (24 points, P<0.01)at wk 6. Apheresis could be performed in all but one patient. Aphereses were well tolerated, only one patient experienced anemia.CONCLUSION: In patients with steroid refractory ulcerative colitis, five aphereses with a granulocyte/monocyte depleting filter show potential short-term efficacy. Tolerability and technical feasibility of the procedure are excellent. | Wolfgang Kruis Axel Dignass Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen Julia Morgenstern Joachim M(o|¨)ssner Stephan Schreiber Maurizio Vecchi Alberto Malesci Max Reinshagen Robert L(o|¨)fberg | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，44： | 4 |
| 17 | The importance of avoiding unnecessary right ventricular pacing in clinical practice显示文摘Symptomatic bradycardia is effectively treated with the implantation of a cardiac pacemaker. Although a highly successful therapy, during recent years there has been a focus on the negative effects associated with longterm pacing of the apex of the right ventricle(RV). It has been shown in both experimental and clinical studies that RV pacing leads to ventricular dyssynchrony, similar to that of left bundle branch block, with subsequent detrimental effects on cardiac structure and function, and in some cases adverse clinical outcomes such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure and death. There is substantial evidence that patients with reduced left ventricular function(LVEF) are at particular high risk of suffering the detrimental clinical effects of long-term RV pacing. The evidence is, however, incomplete, coming largely from subanalyses of pacemaker and implantable cardiac defibrillator studies. In this group of patients with reduced LVEF and an expected high amount of RV pacing, biventricular pacing(cardiac resynchronization therapy) devices can prevent the negative effects of RV pacing and reduce ventricular dyssynchrony. Therefore, cardiac resynchronization therapy has emerged as an attractive option with promising results and more clinical studies are underway. Furthermore, specific pacemaker algorithms, which minimize RV pacing, can also reduce the negative effects of RV stimulation on cardiac function and may prevent clinical deterioration. | Finn Akerstrm Miguel A Arias Marta Pachón Jesús Jiménez-López Alberto Puchol Justo Juliá-Calvo | 2013 | World Journal of Cardiology2013，5，11： | 3 |
| 18 | Effects of probiotic bacteria on gastrointestinal motility in guinea-pig isolated tissue显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the intestinal motility changes evoked by 8 bacterial strains belonging to Bifidobacterium , Lactobacillus and Streptococcus genera within the probiotic preparation VSL#3. METHODS: Ileum and proximal colon segments isolated from guinea-pigs were used as a study model. Entire cells and cell fractions (cell debris, cell wall fraction, cytoplasmatic fraction, proteinaceous and non- proteinaceous cytoplasmatic components) of VSL#3 strains and, as controls, Escherichia coli, Salmonella aboni and Bacillus licheniformis were tested in this in vitro model. RESULTS: Among the bacterial cell fractions tested, only the cytoplasmatic fraction modified intestinal motility. Lactobacillus strains stimulated the contraction of ileum segment, whereas all probiotic strains tested induced proximal colon relaxation response. The non-proteinaceous cytoplasmatic components were responsible for the colon relaxation. CONCLUSION: The results obtained in this study suggest that the proximal colon relaxation activity showed by the probiotic bacteria could be one of the possible mechanisms of action by which probiotics exert their positive effects in regulating intestinal motility. | Matteo Massi Pierfranco Ioan Roberta Budriesi Alberto Chiarini Beatrice Vitali Karen M Lammers Paolo Gionchetti Massimo Campieri Anthony Lembo Patrizia Brigidi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，37： | 3 |
| 19 | Management of Helicobacter pylori infection in Latin America: A Delphi technique-based consensus显示文摘AIM: To optimize diagnosis and treatment guidelines for this geographic region, a panel of gastroenterologists, epidemiologists, and basic scientists carried out a structured evaluation of available literature.METHODS: Relevant questions were distributed among the experts, who generated draft statements for consideration by the entire panel. A modified three-round Delphi technique method was used to reach consensus. Critical input was also obtained from representatives of the concerned medical community. The quality of the evidence and level of recommendation supporting each statement was graded according to United States Preventive Services Task Force criteria.RESULTS: A group of ten experts was established. The survey included 15 open-ended questions that were distributed among the experts, who assessed the articles associated with each question. The levels of agreement achieved by the panel were 50% in the first round, 73.3% in the second round and 100% in the third round. Main consensus recommendations included:(1) when available, urea breath and stool antigen test(HpSA) should be used for non-invasive diagnosis;(2) detect and eradicate Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in all gastroscopy patients to decrease risk of peptic ulcer disease, prevent o retard progression in patients with preneoplastic lesions, and to prevent recurrence in patients treated for gastric cancer;(3) further investigate implementation issues and health outcomes of H. pylorieradication for primary prevention of gastric cancer in high-risk populations;(4) prescribe standard 14-d triple therapy or sequential therapy for first-line treatment;(5) routinely assess eradication success post-treatment in clinical settings; and(6) select second- and third-line therapies according to antibiotic susceptibility testing.CONCLUSION: These achievable steps toward better region-specific management can be expected to improve clinical health outcomes. | Antonio Rollan Juan Pablo Arab M Constanza Camargo Roberto Candia Paul Harris Catterina Ferreccio Charles S Rabkin Juan Cristóbal Gana Pablo Cortés Rolando Herrero Luisa Durán Apolinaria García Claudio Toledo Alberto Espino Nicole Lustig Alberto Sarfatis Catalina Figueroa Javier Torres Arnoldo Riquelme | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，31： | 2 |
| 20 | Dendritic cell deficiencies persist seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection显示文摘Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus(SARS-CoV)-2 infection induces an exacerbated inflammation driven by innate immunity components.Dendritic cells(DCs)play a key role in the defense against viral infections,for instance plasmacytoid DCs(pDCs),have the capacity to produce vast amounts of interferon-alpha(IFN-α).In COVID-19 there is a deficit in DC numbers and IFN-αproduction,which has been associated with disease severity.In this work,we described that in addition to the DC deficiency,several DC activation and homing markers were altered in acute COVID-19 patients,which were associated with multiple inflammatory markers.Remarkably,previously hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients remained with decreased numbers of CD1c+myeloid DCs and pDCs seven months after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Moreover,the expression of DC markers such as CD86 and CD4 were only restored in previously nonhospitalized patients,while no restoration of integrinβ7 and indoleamine 2,3-dyoxigenase(IDO)levels were observed.These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunological sequelae of COVID-19. | Alberto Pérez-Gómez Joana Vitallé Carmen Gasca-Capote Alicia Gutierrez-Valencia María Trujillo-Rodriguez Ana Serna-Gallego Esperanza Muñoz-Muela María de los Reyes Jiménez-Leon Mohamed Rafii-El-Idrissi Benhnia Inmaculada Rivas-Jeremias Cesar Sotomayor Cristina Roca-Oporto Nuria Espinosa Carmen Infante-Domínguez Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas Alberto Fernández-Villar Alexandre Pérez-González Luis Fernando López-Cortés Eva Poveda Ezequiel Ruiz-Mateos JoséMiguel Cisneros Sonsoles Salto-Alejandre Judith Berastegui-Cabrera Pedro Camacho-Martínez Carmen Infante-Domínguez Marta Carretero-Ledesma Juan Carlos Crespo-Rivas Eduardo Márquez JoséManuel Lomas Claudio Bueno Rosario Amaya JoséAntonio Lepe Jerónimo Pachón Elisa Cordero Javier Sánchez-Céspedes Manuela Aguilar-Guisado Almudena Aguilera Clara Aguilera Teresa Aldabo-Pallas Verónica Alfaro-Lara Cristina Amodeo Javier Ampuero María Dolores Avilés Maribel Asensio Bosco Barón-Franco Lydia Barrera-Pulido Rafael Bellido-Alba Máximo Bernabeu-Wittel Candela Caballero-Eraso Macarena Cabrera Enrique Calderón Jesús Carbajal-Guerrero Manuela Cid-Cumplido Yael Corcia-Palomo Juan Delgado Antonio Domínguez-Petit Alejandro Deniz Reginal Dusseck-Brutus Ana Escoresca-Ortega Fátima Espinosa Nuria Espinosa Michelle Espinoza Carmen Ferrándiz-Millón Marta Ferrer Teresa Ferrer Ignacio Gallego-Texeira Rosa Gámez-Mancera Emilio García Horacio García-Delgado Manuel García-Gutiérrez María Luisa Gascón-Castillo Aurora González-Estrada Demetrio González Carmen Gómez-González Rocío González-León Carmen Grande-Cabrerizo Sonia Gutiérrez Carlos Hernández-Quiles Inmaculada Concepción Herrera-Melero Marta Herrero-Romero Luis Jara Carlos Jiménez-Juan Silvia Jiménez-Jorge Mercedes Jiménez-Sánchez Julia Lanseros-Tenllado Carmina López Isabel López Álvaro López-Barrios Luis F.López-Cortés Rafael Luque-Márquez Daniel Macías-García Guillermo Martín-Gutiérrez Luis Martín-Villén JoséMolina Aurora Morillo María Dolores Navarro-Amuedo Dolores Nieto-Martín Francisco Ortega María Paniagua-García Amelia Peña-Rodríguez Esther Pérez Manuel Poyato Julia Praena-Segovia Rafaela Ríos Cristina Roca-Oporto Jesús F.Rodríguez María Jesús Rodríguez-Hernández Santiago Rodríguez-Suárez Ángel Rodríguez-Villodres Nieves Romero-Rodríguez Ricardo Ruiz Zida Ruiz de Azua Celia Salamanca Sonia Sánchez Víctor Manuel Sánchez-Montagut César Sotomayor Alejandro Suárez Benjumea Javier Toral | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，9： | 2 |
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