|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | 哀牢山-红河剪切带左行走滑作用起始时间约束--点苍山高温糜棱岩的显微构造与热年代学证据显示文摘位于哀牢山-红河剪切带NW延伸方向上的点苍山变质杂岩体遭受强烈的左行走滑剪切变形、变质作用改造,岩石中保存了典型的高温矿物组合以及由它们构成的宏观和微观高温变形构造特征,其中糜棱岩中具有极其发育的长石矿物拉伸线理而形成典型的L与LS型构造岩是其一个明显的特征。本文对点苍山地区高温糜棱岩主要矿物开展了显微构造与矿物变形、变形机制及组构分析,并对于遭受高温糜棱岩化改造的一个花岗质岩体开展了SHRIMP锆石U-Pb定年分析。结果表明岩石中长石、角闪石、石英等主要矿物具有典型的达角闪岩相条件下的高温晶质塑性变形和动态生长特征,它们也为走滑剪切变形活动提供了充分的微观构造证据。对于点苍山高温糜棱岩化改造的眼球状或似斑状二长花岗岩的显微构造分析结果表明,这套花岗质岩石从走滑剪切前期岩浆的侵位之后经历了早期强烈的岩浆期后交代作用—亚岩浆流动—高温固态塑性剪切变形的递进演化过程。由此可见,岩浆的上升与就位受左行走滑剪切作用的制约,岩体又遭受了强烈剪切变形改造。同时对这套构造前期就位花岗质岩石中的锆石进行定年分析,获得33.88±0.32Ma的岩浆结晶年龄,为此,我们有充分的理由认为,在点苍山地区哀牢山-红河剪切带左行走滑剪切作用的起始时间至少应该为早渐新世30.88±0.32Ma。 | 曹淑云 刘俊来 Bernd LEISS Axel VOLLBRECHT 邹运鑫 赵春强 | 2009 | 地质学报2009，83，10： | 42 |
| 2 | 大别超高压变质带的进变质、超高压和退变质时代的准确限定:以双河大理岩中榴辉岩锆石SHRIMP U-Pb定年为例显示文摘在大别超高压变质带的双河地区存在一种特殊类型的榴辉岩,该类榴辉岩主要以似层状、条带状以及不规则透镜体赋存于大理岩中。矿物组成主要为石榴石、绿辉石以及少量的金红石、白云石、菱镁矿等。沿石榴石和绿辉石边缘常退变为角闪石+斜长石等,有的岩石完全退变为斜长角闪岩。激光拉曼和阴极发光综合分析表明,该类榴辉岩中的锆石可划分为两种类型:继承性碎屑锆石和变质锆石。继承性碎屑锆石十分少见,阴极发光图象具有明显的双层结构,即强发光的核和弱发光的边,核部和边部的包体矿物分别为Pl+Ap和Qtz+Pl。SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果表明。继承性碎屑锆石核部记录的207Pb/206Pb年龄为2701±15Ma,Th/U比值明显偏高为1.05,稀土元素配分模式显示重稀土明显富集,具有典型岩浆结晶锆石的特点;边部记录的207Pb/206Pb年龄为1801±12Ma-1753±22Ma,Th/U比值则明显偏低,为0.19-0.22之间,稀土元素配分模式显示重稀土相对平坦,具有典型变质锆石的特点。上述特征表明该类继承性碎屑锆石可能来源于太古代的基底,并经历了早元古代变质热事件的改造。新生的变质锆石无论是矿物包体还是阴极发光图象均与继承性碎屑锆石存在明显差异。有的变质增生锆石具有弱发光的核(阴极发光图象呈灰色)和强发光的边(阴极发光图象呈白色)。核部包体矿物组合为Qtz +Grt+Omp+Phe+Dol+Ap,具有典型石英榴辉岩相矿物组合特征,而边部则保存含柯石英的超高压包体矿物组合Coe+Grt +Omp+Mgs+Arg+Ap,表明该类锆石的核部和边部分别形成于俯冲进变质阶段和超高压变质阶段。另一部分变质增生锆石具有强发光的核(阴极发光图象呈白色)和弱发光的边(阴极发光图象呈黑色)。核部保存的标志性超高压包体矿物组合为Coe+Grt+Omp+Mgs+Arg+Ap,边部则保存Qtz+Cal等退变矿物组合,有的则缺乏矿物包体,表明该类锆石自超高压变质阶段开始生长,并经历了后期退变质作用的改造。从不同微区矿物包体组合的性质及其转变特征可以明显看出,自石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段到超高压峰期变质阶段存在下列转变反应:Qtz→Coe和Dol→Mgs+Arg;而自超高压峰期变质阶段到后期退变质阶段则存在下列退变反应:Coe→Qtz和Arg→Cal。SHRIMP U-Pb定年结果表明,含石英榴辉岩相矿物包体的锆石微区记录的206Pb/238U年龄为249-241Ma,加权平均值为244±4Ma,代表了深俯冲石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段的变质年龄;含柯石英等超高压矿物包体的锆石微区记录的206Pb/238U年龄为239-231Ma,加权平均值为234±3Ma,代表超高压阶段的峰期变质年龄;而含石英和方解石的退变边记录的206Pb/238U年龄为219-211Ma,加权平均值为216±6Ma,应代表后期折返阶段的角闪岩相退变质年龄。上述两类变质增生锆石微区的Th/U比值和稀土元素配分模式十分相似,Th/U比值变化于0.02- 0.18之间,稀土元素配分模式显示重稀土相对平坦,稀土元素总量明显低于继承性碎屑锆石,具有典型变质锆石的特点。根据锆石微区矿物包体的化学成分,采用Grt-Omp和Grt-Omp-Phe温压计,结合前人的变质反应实验资料的综合分析,确定榴辉岩的原岩在深俯冲过程的石英榴辉岩相进变质阶段的变质温压条件为T=588-668℃,P=1.7-1.8GPa;超高压峰期阶段的温压条件为T=784-849℃,P>5.5GPa;而构造折返过程中角闪岩相退变质阶段的温压条件为T=550-720℃,P=0.8~1.4GPa。由此可见,大别超高压变质岩的原岩——元古代(部分可能为太古代)的陆壳物质在早三叠纪发生俯冲至55- 60km深处,并经历了石英榴辉岩相变质作用。随后这些变质岩石继续深俯冲至165~175km的地幔深处,于中三叠纪发生了超高压变质作用,石英榴辉岩相矿物组合转变为超高压榴辉岩相矿物组合。最后这些超高压变质岩石发生构造折返,至晚三叠纪抬升到约30km的中下地壳深度,并经历了角闪岩相退变质作用的改造,超高压榴辉岩相矿物组合退变为角闪岩相矿物组合。由此推断,大别超高压变质带俯冲和折返速率分别为11-12km Myr-1和7.5-8.1km Myr-1。该项成果不仅确定了大别超高压变质地体的石英榴辉岩相进变质-超高压榴辉岩相峰期变质-角闪岩相退变质的年代谱系,而且对于重塑大别超高压变质地体的快速俯冲-折返的动力学模式有着重要的科学意义。 | 刘福来 薛怀民 许志琴 梁风华 Axel Gerdes | 2006 | 岩石学报2006，22，7： | 39 |
| 3 | Nat Genet:单细胞分析解开结直肠癌细胞的神秘面纱显示文摘结合单细胞基因组学和计算机技术,一个研究团队(包括来自杰克逊实验室(JAx)单细胞生物学主任Paul Robson博士在内)鉴定出了11种结直肠癌肿瘤的癌细胞组成及邻近的非癌细胞。这对于更好的肿瘤靶向诊断和治疗很重要。”使用单细胞测序。”JAX科学家、这篇发表在Nature Genetics上的文章共同第一作者Elise Courtois说道。”我们可以根据肿瘤中的细胞组成将结直肠癌进一步分类。因为每种亚型的肿瘤病人生存率存在差别,我们的方法将为肿瘤医生提供更多的关于肿瘤预后和治疗的信息。” | Huipeng Li, Elise T Courtois, Debarka Sengupta, Yuliana Tan Shyam Prabhakar Elise T Courtois, Yuliana Tan Paul Robson Debarka Sengupta Kok Hao Chen, Jolene Jie Lin Goh Paul Jongjoon Choi Say Li Kong, Axel M Hillmer Iain Beehuat Tan Clarinda Chua Iain Beehuat Tan Lim Kiat Hon Wah Siew Tan Mark Wong Lawrence J K Wee Iain Beehuat Tan Paul Robson Paul Robson Paul Robson | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，15： | 37 |
| 4 | Liver-specific gene expression in mesenchymal stem cells is induced by liver cells显示文摘AIM: The origin of putative liver cells from distinct bone marrow stem cells, e.g. hematopoietic stem cells or multipotent adult progenitor cells was found in recent in vitro studies. Cell culture experiments revealed a key role of growth factors for the induction of liver-specific genes in stem cell cultures. We investigated the potential of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from bone marrow to differentiate into hepatocytic cells in vitro. Furthermore,we assessed the influence of cocultured liver cells on induction of liver-specific gene expression.METHODS: Mesenchymal stem cells were marked with green fluorescent protein (GFP) by retroviral gene transduction. Clonal marked MSC were either cultured under liver stimulating conditions using fibronectin-coated culture dishes and medium supplemented with SCF, HGF,EGF, and FGF-4 alone, or in presence of freshly isolated rat liver cells. Cells in cocultures were harvested and GFP+ or GFP- cells were separated using fluorescence activated cell sorting. RT-PCR analysis for the stem cell marker Thy1 and the hepatocytic markers CK-18, albumin, CK-19,and AFP was performed in the different cell populations.RESULTS: Under the specified culture conditions, rat MSC cocultured with liver cells expressed albumin-, CK-18,CK-19, and AFP-RNA over 3 weeks, whereas MSC cultured alone did not show liver specific gene expression.CONCLUSION: The results indicate that (1) rat MSC from bone marrow can differentiate towards hepatocytic lineage in vitro, and (2) that the microenvironment plays a decisive role for the induction of hepatic differentiation of rMSC. | Claudia Lange Philipp Bassler Michael V. Lioznov Helge Bruns Dietrich Kluth Axel R. Zander Henning C. Fiegel | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，29： | 31 |
| 5 | 废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库构建的基础问题探索显示文摘废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库的构建既可有效利用废弃煤矿地下空间,又可实现风能、光能等可再生能源的大规模利用,还可防止废弃矿井地质灾害的发生。全面阐述了废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库的概念与构建技术,根据地下水库所处的工程与应力环境,指出了构建废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库至少有2个科学问题需要解决:一是水文地质、水化学特征与地下水循环过程对选址的影响;二是围岩体-支护结构的稳定性和密闭性对建设和运行的影响,并全面综述了废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库技术框架及研究现状。针对上述问题,结合废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库建设的矿井地下空间利用途径、岩体稳定性及地下水库库容、巷道围岩长期变形及支护的时效性与水循环对水源及水质的保障等方面的研究现状,分别从地下水库库容、地下水循环、围岩稳定性与水质因素等4个方面进行研究,揭示了废弃矿井抽水蓄能地下水库构建的关键因素,即准确计算地下水库特征库容,掌握地下空间有效库容的变化规律;良好的水循环既可保证地下水库合理的库容,又能保证水动力过程不影响工程的安全;明确矿井水文地质特征及水库密闭性、地下空间围岩稳定性及应对措施,保证地下水库合理库容及工程安全;实时全空间矿井水品监测、水污染预测与防治,保障地下水水质安全及抽水蓄能设备安全使用的需要。最后以江苏权台煤矿为例,指出在原有矿井基础上改建为矿井抽水蓄能电站需要采取的措施,论证了废弃矿井地下空间作为抽水蓄能的地下水库利用的可行性,为废弃矿井地下水库构建基础问题进行了有益的探索。 | 卞正富 周跃进 曾春林 黄赳 浦海 AXEL Preusse 张保生 HABIL Christoph Bruecker 白海波 孟庆彬 陈宁 | 2021 | 煤炭学报2021，46，10： | 27 |
| 6 | Epithelial restitution and wound healing in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Inflammatory bowel disease is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa. The mucosal epithelium of the alimentary tract constitutes a key element of the mucosal barrier to a broad spectrum of deleterious substances present within the intestinal lumen including bacterial microorganisms, various dietary factors, gastrointestinal secretory products and drugs. In addition, this mucosal barrier can be disturbed in the course of various intestinal disorders including inflammatory bowel diseases. Fortunately, the integrity of the gastrointestinal surface epithelium is rapidly reestablished even after extensive destruction. Rapid resealing of the epithelial barrier following injuries is accomplished by a process termed epithelial restitution, followed by more delayed mechanisms of epithelial wound healing including increased epithelial cell proliferation and epithelial cell differentiation. Restitution of the intestinal surface epithelium is modulated by a range of highly divergent factors among them a broad spectrum of structurally distinct regulatory peptides, variously described as growth factors or cytokines. Several regulatory peptide factors act from the basolateral site of the epithelial surface and enhance epithelial cell restitution through TGF-β-dependent pathways. In contrast, members of the trefoil factor family (TFF peptides) appear to stimulate epithelial restitution in conjunction with mucin glycoproteins through a TGF-β-independent mechanism from the apical site of the intestinal epithelium. In addition, a number of other peptide molecules like extracellular matrix factors and blood clotting factors and also non- peptide molecules including phospholipids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), adenine nucleotides, trace elements and pharmacological agents modulate intestinal epithelial repair mechanisms. Repeated damage and injury of the intestinal surface are key features of various intestinaldisorders including inflammatory bowel diseases and require constant repair of the epithelium. Enhancement of intestinal repair mechanisms by regulatory peptides or other modulatory factors may provide future approaches for the treatment of diseases that are characterized by injuries of the epithelial surface. | Andreas Sturm Axel U Dignass | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，3： | 24 |
| 7 | Hepatocytic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in cocultures with fetal liver cells显示文摘瞄准:为了与胎儿的肝细胞(FLC ) 和可能性在合作文化调查间充质的干细胞(MSC ) 的 hepatocytic 区别膨胀,区分了 hepatocytic 房间。方法:MSC 被制动火箭与绿荧光灯的蛋白质(GFP ) 标记病毒的基因转导变异。同种细胞的显著 MSC 在用与干细胞补充的fibronectin涂的培养皿和媒介刺激条件的肝下面是也有教养的因素( SCF ), hepatocyte 生长因素( HGF ),表皮的生长因素( EGF ),和成纤维细胞生长因素 4 ( FGF-4 )独自一个,或在刚孤立的 FLC 的存在。在合作文化的房间被收获,并且 GFP+ 或 GFP- 房间用荧光被分开激活的房间排序。为肝 specific 标记 cytokeratin-18 (CK-18 ) 的反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR )( 法新社) ,白朊,和 alpha-fetoprotein 在不同房间人口被执行。结果:在指定文化条件下面,与 FLC co 有教养的老鼠 MSC 超过二个星期表示了白朊, CK-18,和 AFP-RNA。在 wk 3, MSC 失去了 hepatocytic 基因表示,可能由于 cocultured FLC 的增生。FLC 也在合作文化和一个很高的生长潜力显示出稳定的肝 specific 基因表情。结论:从骨髓的老鼠 MSC 能面对 FLC 在试管内区分 hepatocytic 房间,在合作文化的 MSC 的存在也为 FLC 的扩大和区别提供有益的环境。 | Claudia Lange Helge Bruns Dietrich Kluth Axel R Zander Henning C Fiegel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，15： | 23 |
| 8 | Epidural anesthesia improves pancreatic perfusion and decreases the severity of acute pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To study the safety of epidural anesthesia(EA),its effect on pancreatic perfusion and the outcome of patients with acute pancreatitis(AP).METHODS: From 2005 to August 2010,patients with predicted severe AP [Ranson score ≥ 2,C-reactive protein > 100 or necrosis on computed tomography(CT)] were prospectively randomized to either a group receiving EA or a control group treated by patientcontrolled intravenous analgesia. Pain management was evaluated in the two groups every eight hours using the visual analog pain scale(VAS). Parameters for clinical severity such as length of hospital stay,use of antibiotics,admission to the intensive care unit,radiological/clinical complications and the need for surgical necrosectomy including biochemical data were recorded. A CT scan using a perfusion protocol was performed on admission and at 72 h to evaluate pancreatic blood flow. A significant variation in blood flow was defined as a 20% difference in pancreatic perfusion between admission and 72 h and was measured in the head,body and tail of the pancreas.RESULTS: We enrolled 35 patients. Thirteen were randomized to the EA group and 22 to the control group. There were no differences in demographic characteristics between the two groups. The Balthazar radiological severity score on admission was higher in the EA group than in the control group(mean score 4.15 ± 2.54 vs 3.38 ± 1.75,respectively,P = 0.347) and the median Ranson scores were 3.4 and 2.7 respectively(P = NS). The median duration of EA was 5.7 d,and no complications of the epidural procedure were reported. An improvement in perfusion of the pancreas was observed in 13/30(43%) of measurements in the EA group vs 2/27(7%) in the control group(P = 0.0025). Necrosectomy was performed in 1/13 patients in the EA group vs 4/22 patients in the control group(P = 0.63). The VAS improved during the first ten days in the EA group compared to the control group(0.2 vs 2.33,P = 0.034 at 10 d). Length of stay and mortality were not statistically different between the 2 groups(26 d vs 30 d,P = 0.65,and 0% for both respectively).CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that EA increases arterial perfusion of the pancreas and improves the clinical outcome of patients with AP. | Samira M Sadowski Axel Andres Philippe Morel Eduardo Schiffer Jean-Louis Frossard Alexandra Platon Pierre-Alexandre Poletti Leo Bühler | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，43： | 21 |
| 9 | Herbal traditional Chinese medicine and its evidence base in gastrointestinal disorders显示文摘Herbal traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is used to treat several ailments, but its efficiency is poorly documented and hence debated, as opposed to modern medicine commonly providinge ffective therapies. The aim of this review article is to present a practical reference guide on the role of herbal TCM in managing gastrointestinal disorders, supported by systematic reviews and evidence based trials. A literature search using herbal TCM combined with terms for gastrointestinal disorders in Pub Med and the Cochrane database identified publications of herbal TCM trials. Results were analyzed for study type, inclusion criteria, and outcome parameters. Quality of placebo controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials was poor, mostly neglecting stringent evidence based diagnostic and therapeutic criteria. Accordingly, appropriate Cochrane reviews and meta-analyses were limited and failed to support valid, clinically relevant evidence based efficiency of herbal TCM in gastrointestinal diseases, including gastroesophageal reflux disease, gastric or duodenal ulcer, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. In conclusion, the use of herbal TCM to treat various diseases has an interesting philosophical background with a long history, but it received increasing skepticism due to the lack of evidence based efficiency as shown by high quality trials; this has now been summarized for gastrointestinal disorders, with TCM not recommended for most gastrointestinal diseases. Future studies should focus on placebo controlled, randomized, double-blind clinical trials, herbal product quality and standard criteria for diagnosis, treatment, outcome, and assessment of adverse herb reactions. This approach will provide figures of risk/benefit profiles that hopefully are positive for at least some treatment modalities of herbal TCM. Proponents of modern herbal TCM best face these promising challenges of pragmaticmodern medicine by bridging the gap between the two medicinal cultures. | Rolf Teschke Albrecht Wolff Christian Frenzel Axel Eickhoff Johannes Schulze | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，15： | 19 |
| 10 | 西藏甲玛铜多金属矿区成矿斑岩的岩浆混合作用:石英及长石斑晶新证据显示文摘西藏甲玛矿区斑岩内石英和长石斑晶的阴极发光(CL)特征及元素含量变化有效记录了岩浆演化、混合及补给事件。石英斑晶的显微生长结构表明,原始岩浆经历过2次铁镁质岩浆混合作用。根据石英斑晶中Ti含量的变化可知,在2次溶蚀前后,石英结晶温度分别增高了约110℃和80℃。此外,斜长石斑晶的反环带及其Ba、Sr、Fe等元素的浓度梯度、钾长石的镶边结构、黑云母的筛状结构等,都有效地证明了铁镁质岩浆与长英质岩浆混合作用的存在。根据这些研究结果,初步构建了该矿区岩浆混合作用模型,并推测了岩浆混合过程。在16Ma左右,岩石圈地幔拆沉,软流圈物质上涌导致正常下地壳部分熔融,产生了含Mo的钾质岩浆。原始岩浆房内形成了第Ⅰ世代自形的高温石英晶体核。软流圈上涌诱发了含大量地幔组分的新生镁铁质下地壳部分熔融,产生了含Cu、富水、高f(O2)的埃达克质岩浆熔体,并与含Mo的长英质岩浆发生了第1次岩浆混合作用。在此过程中,早期石英核部溶蚀,形成了高Ti的溶蚀表面。这些高f(O2)的混合岩浆在浅部地壳形成了大型岩浆房,并排泄出含Cu、Mo岩浆流体。在岩浆房中,石英晶体形成了均匀的生长环带和第Ⅱ世代的石英斑晶核。地幔减薄和岩石圈拆沉直接引起了地壳强烈伸展,形成了垂直于碰撞带的正断层系统和裂谷,使岩浆房内部的压力急剧减小,岩浆快速侵位。岩浆房的突然腾空,诱发了地幔物质上涌,造成了第2次基性岩浆的混入,促使第Ⅰ世代和第Ⅱ世代石英斑晶的边缘发生溶蚀。正是两次基性岩浆的加入,为成矿提供了大量的Cu、S。这是形成甲玛超大型铜多金属矿床不可或缺的因素。 | 彭惠娟 汪雄武 Müller Axel 秦志鹏 侯林 周云 | 2011 | 矿床地质2011，30，2： | 18 |
| 11 | 真空有载分接开关在高压直流换流变压器中的运用显示文摘 | 沈大中 Axel Kraemer Dieter Dohnal | 2007 | 变压器2007，44，1： | 16 |
| 12 | 真空有载分接开关在高压直流换流变压器中的运用显示文摘有载分接开关(on-load tap-changers,OLTC)是高压直流输电线路中现代换流变压器不可或缺的设备,可对系统的电压变化进行补偿,优化变频器控制角,并使高压直流系统降压运行成为可能。但开关操作时产生的电流具有陡峭的非正弦波形,不仅增加了开关切换的负荷,也增加了开关的容量和尺寸,而且开关频繁操作对维护提出了很高的要求。比较了换流变压器和电力变压器OLTC的操作条件。真空开关技术的引入使得真空OLTC除了可以消除油的污染外,还具备独特的优势,可承受高切换负荷,可用在高压直流换流变压器上,OLTC的容量配置可以优化调整等。真空OLTC免维护的操作次数可高达600 000次,维护工作可降至最低限度,大幅提升了换流变压器的可靠性和可用率。通过优化OLTC额定容量可以节省开关的体积和重量,有助于开发超高压直流换流变压器。 | 沈大中 Axel Kraemer Dieter Dohnal | 2011 | 南方电网技术2011，5，1： | 16 |
| 13 | 青藏高原20世纪后40年潜在蒸散趋势及其空间分布(英文)显示文摘气候变化研究主要集中在温度和降水的长期变化趋势及其影响方面,对于控制陆地生态系统和大气之间的质能交换的重要气候因子——蒸散,研究相对较少。蒸散在气候系统中扮演着重要角色,它是多个气候因子综合作用的结果,如日照、温度、风速、湿度等。蒸散也是陆地和大气间能量、水汽传送和气候变化监测的敏感因子。蒸散的变化趋势更能反映气候变化的状况,并对农业生产、流域开发和人民生活产生重要影响。论文分析了青藏高原及其周边的101个气象台站在20世纪后40年Penman-Monteith潜在蒸散(PET)的变化趋势及其空间分布。研究显示青藏高原PET在所有季节呈现减少的趋势,年平均PET倾向率为-13.1mm/10年或年总量的2.0%。在PET整体负的趋势下,1970和1980年代在平均值上的波动幅度大约是在600到700mm范围。青藏高原空间性的趋势分布随季节性波动全年仍保持稳定。PET减小趋势的台站冬春(80%)多于夏秋(58%)。尽管总体趋势是负的,但有些台站PET表现还是正的趋势,最大年的正负PET趋势台站在柴达木盆地的南部,分别是84.8mm/10年和-79.5mm/10年。论文还进一步探索了青藏高原不同气候因子对PET趋势的影响。在青藏高原,风速是影响PET趋势最重要的因子,相对湿度次之,而日照时数的变化作用不明显。由于青藏高原上稳定的日间温度限制了温度趋势对PET的影响。因此,负蒸散趋势被认为与地区性季风环流强度的降低有关,而非日照时间的减少。也就是说,降低的PET趋势显示出与全球变暖情景中预测的水文循环增强相反。由于不均匀的青藏高原气象台站分布,进一步的探索最好增加遥感方法获取没有台站地区的PET数据,以便对整个青藏高原PET的时空分布进行深入研究。 | 陈沈斌 刘允芬 Axel Thomas | 2008 | 自然资源学报2008，23，6： | 15 |
| 14 | Importance of performance status for treatment outcome in advanced pancreatic cancer显示文摘Despite progress in the treatment of advanced and metastatic pancreatic cancer (PC), the outcome of this disease remains dismal for the majority of patients. Given the moderate efficacy of treatment, prognostic factors may help to guide treatment decisions. Several trials identified baseline performance status as an important prognostic factor for survival. Unfit patients with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) below 70% only have a marginal benefit from chemotherapy with gemcitabine (Gem) and may often benefit more from optimal supportive care. Once, however, the decision is taken to apply chemotherapy, KPS may be used to select either mono- or combination chemotherapy. Patients with a good performance status (KPS = 90%-100%) may have a significant and clinically relevant survival benefit from combination chemotherapy. By contrast, patients with a poor performance status (KPS ≤ 80%) have no advantage from intensified therapy and should rather receive single-agent treatment. | Stefan Boeck Axel Hinke Ralf Wilkowski Volker Heinemann | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，2： | 14 |
| 15 | Percutaneous left atrial appendage closure:Technical aspects and prevention of periprocedural complications with the watchman device显示文摘Transcatheter closure of the left atrial appendage has been developed as an alternative to chronic oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation, and as a primary therapy for patients with contraindications to chronic oral anticoagulation. The promise of this new intervention compared with warfarin has been supported by several, small studies and two pivotal randomized trial with the Watchman Device. The results regarding risk reduction for stroke have been favourable although acute complications were not infrequent. Procedural complications, which are mainly related to transseptal puncture and device implantation, include air embolism, pericardial effusions/tamponade and device embolization. Knowledge of nature, management and prevention of complications should minimize the risk of complications and allow transcatheter left atrial appendage closure to emerge as a therapeutic option for patients with atrial fibrillation at risk for cardioembolic stroke. | Sven M bius-Winkler Nicolas Majunke Marcus Sandri Norman Mangner Axel Linke Gregg W Stone Ingo D hnert Gerhard Schuler Peter B Sick | 2015 | World Journal of Cardiology2015，7，2： | 14 |
| 16 | Metabolic and Phenotypic Responses of Greenhouse-Grown Maize Hybrids to Experimentally Controlled Drought Stress显示文摘到象干旱一样的不能生活的压力的改编是农业上的重要获得相关庄稼相似玉米。在在干旱是一个很主导的应力因素的气候的地区种的庄稼的提高的干旱公差的开发因此在植物繁殖起一个必要作用。以前的研究证明玉米收益潜力和提高的压力忍耐是联系特点。在这研究,我们为他们在一个温室实验处理干旱应力的能力分析了六个不同玉米混血儿。我们能从从不同机关与新陈代谢的数据在浇得好的条件下面并且在水限制下面测量的 morphophysiological 参数联合数据。这些不同机关拥有了不同代谢物作文,与显示最可观的 metabolome 变化追随者水缺乏的叶片。虽然我们能在干旱应力下面在代谢物层次显示出一般增加,包括在 TCA 周期的氨基酸,糖,糖白酒,和中介变化,这些变化不在以前基于领域试用数据被指定了为干旱容忍或易受影响的玉米混血儿之间是微分的。这里描述的数据与相当不同的生长源于一个温室实验的事实调节与相比这个领域里的可以解释忍耐为什么组织的天赋不能在这研究被证实。然而,我们能加亮象其层次某些生理的特点地相关很好的代谢物一样显示了保存回答到干旱的几代谢物。 | Sandra Witt Luis Galicia Jan Lisec Jill Cairns Axel Tiessen Jose Luis Araus Natalia Palacios-Rojas Alisdair R. Fernie | 2012 | Molecular Plant2012，5，2： | 12 |
| 17 | Rhizosphere Microbes as Essential Partners for Plant Stress Tolerance显示文摘Ever since plants colonized land,they evolved mechanisms to respond to changing environmental conditions and settle in extreme habitats.Recent studies show that several plant species require microbial associations for stress tolerance and survival.Although many plants lack the adaptive capability to adapt to stress conditions,the ability of a variety of plants to adapt to stress conditions often appears to depend on their association with certain microbes,raising a number of questions:What distinguishes the microbes and plants that can adapt to extreme environmental conditions? Can all plants improve stress tolerance when associated with appropriate microbial partners? Answers to these questions should modify our concepts of plant physiology and could lead to new ways towards a sustainable agriculture. | Axel de Zelicourt Mohamed AI-Yousif Heribert Hirt | 2013 | Molecular Plant2013，6，2： | 12 |
| 18 | Second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis Part 1: Definitions and diagnosis显示文摘 | Axel Dignass Rami Eliakim Fernando Magro Christian Maaser Yehuda Chowers Karel Geboes Gerassimos Mantzaris Walter Reinisch Jean-Frederic Colombel Severine Vermeire Simon Travis James O. Lindsay Gert Van Assche | 2012 | Journal of Crohn’s and Colitis2012，，10： | 12 |
| 19 | 关节镜下采用自体髌韧带重建前交叉韧带显示文摘目的 :研究和评估关节镜下采用自体髌韧带重建前交叉韧带在前交叉韧带损伤病人中的应用价值。方法 :对 36例前交叉韧带损伤病人行镜视下自体髌韧带重建前叉韧带术。结果 :36例均获随诊 ,时间 6~ 11个月 ,平均 8.6个月 ,根据 40分量化评定标准 ,随诊结果优 10例 (2 7.8% ) ,良 19例 (5 2 .8% ) ,可 7例 (19.4% )。结论 :关节镜视下行前交叉韧带重建术具有损伤少 ,术后固定时间短 ,功能恢复快的特点 ,是值得推荐的治疗方法。 | 林宏生 查振刚 Axel Ekkernkamp | 2001 | 中国内镜杂志2001，7，6： | 11 |
| 20 | 马克斯·普朗克创新与竞争研究所就欧盟委员会“关于构建欧洲数据经济征求意见书”的立场声明显示文摘马克斯·普朗克创新与竞争研究所是一家在马克斯·普朗克学会之下设立的研究机构,自五十一年前设立以来,一直致力于在既已确立的科学原理基础之上对知识产权和竞争法的分析与发展进行研究.马克斯·普朗克创新与竞争研究所承担着该领域内基础问题的研究.基于其卓著的研究贡献,马克斯·普朗克创新与竞争研究所发起并引领着德国、欧洲以及国际层面重要的立法及理论研究。 | Josef Drexl Reto M.Hilty Jure Globocnik Franziska Greiner Daria Kim Heiko Richter Peter R.Slowinski Gintar? Surblyt? Axel Walz Klaus Wiedemann 刘维 张嘉莹 | 2017 | 电子知识产权2017，，7： | 11 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员