|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | Diagnosis and management of insulinoma显示文摘Insulinomas,the most common cause of hypoglycemia related to endogenous hyperinsulinism,occur in 1-4 people per million of the general population.Common autonomic symptoms of insulinoma include diaphroresis,tremor,and palpitations,whereas neuroglycopenenic symptoms include confusion,behavioural changes,personality changes,visual disturbances,seizure,and coma.Diagnosis of suspected cases is based on standard endocrine tests,especially the prolonged fasting test.Non-invasive imaging procedures,such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,are used when a diagnosis of insulinoma has been made to localize the source of pathological insulin secretion.Invasive modalities,such as endoscopic ultrasonography and arterial stimulation venous sampling,are highly accurate in the preoperative localization of insulinomas and have frequently been shown to be superior to noninvasive localization techniques.The range of techniques available for the localization of insulinomas means thatblind resection can be avoided.Intraoperative manual palpation of the pancreas by an experienced surgeon and intraoperative ultrasonography are both sensitive methods with which to finalize the location of insulinomas.A high proportion of patients with insulinomas can be cured with surgery.In patients with malignant insulinomas,an aggressive medical approach,including extended pancreatic resection,liver resection,liver transplantation,chemoembolization,or radiofrequency ablation,is recommended to improve both survival and quality of life.In patients with unresectable or uncontrollable insulinomas,such as malignant insulinoma of the pancreas,several techniques should be considered,including administration of ocreotide and/or continuous glucose monitoring,to prevent hypoglycemic episodes and to improve quality of life. | Takehiro Okabayashi Yasuo Shima Tatsuaki Sumiyoshi Akihito Kozuki Satoshi Ito Yasuhiro Ogawa Michiya Kobayashi Kazuhiro Hanazaki | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，6： | 78 |
| 2 | Clinicopathological characteristics in the differential diagnosis of hepatoid adenocarcinoma:A literature review显示文摘Hepatoid adenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare but important special type of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma with clinicopathological presentation mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and prompt and correct diagnosis can be a challenge, especially in endemic areas with a high incidence of HCC. To date, HAC has only been reported in case series or single case reports, so we aimed to review the clinicopathological characteristics of HAC to obtain a more complete picture of this rare form of extrahepatic adenocarcinoma. All the articles about HAC published from 2001 to 2011 were reviewed, and clinicopathological findings were extracted for analysis. A late middle-aged male with high serum α-fetoprotein and atypical image finding of HCC should raise the suspicion of HAC, and characteristic pathological immunohistochemical stains can help with the differential diagnosis. Novel immunohistochemical markers may be useful to clearly differentiate HAC from HCC. Once metastatic HAC is diagnosed, the primary tumor origin should be identified for adequate treatment. The majority of HAC originates from the stomach, so panendoscopy should be arranged first. | Jiann-Sheng Su Yu-Tso Chen Ren-Ching Wang Chun-Ying Wu Shou-Wu Lee Teng-Yu Lee | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，3： | 75 |
| 3 | Current clinical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumor显示文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs) are the most common malignant subepithelial lesions(SELs) of the gastrointestinal tract. They originate from the interstitial cells of Cajal located within the muscle layer and are characterized by over-expression of the tyrosine kinase receptor KIT. Pathologically, diagnosis of a GIST relies on morphology and immunohistochemistry [KIT and/or discovered on gastrointestinal stromal tumor 1(DOG1) is generally positive]. The prognosis of this disease is associated with the tumor size and mitotic index. The standard treatment of a GIST without metastasis is surgical resection. A GIST with metastasis is usually only treated by tyrosine kinase inhibitors without radical cure; thus, early diagnosis is the only way to improve its prognosis. However, a GIST is usually detected as a SEL during endoscopy, and many benign and malignant conditions may manifest as SELs. Conventional endoscopic biopsy is difficult for tumors without ulceration. Most SELs have therefore been managed without a histological diagnosis. However, a favorable prognosis of a GIST is associated with early histological diagnosis and R0 resection. Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) and EUS-guided fine needle aspiration(EUSFNA) are critical for an accurate diagnosis of SELs. EUSFNA is safe and effective in enabling an early histological diagnosis and adequate treatment. This review outlines the current evidence for the diagnosis and management of GISTs, with an emphasis on early management of small SELs. | Kazuya Akahoshi Masafumi Oya Tadashi Koga Yuki Shiratsuchi | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，26： | 70 |
| 4 | Specific molecular markers in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND: The carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a multi-factorial, multistep and complex process. Its prognosis is poor, and early diagnosis and monitoring metastasis of HCC is of the utmost importance. Circulating diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers could be used in proper postoperative treatment of patients at an early stage of HCC development. This review summarizes recent studies of the specific biomarkers in diagnosis and monitoring metastasis or postoperative recurrence of HCC. DATA SOURCES: An English-language literature search was conducted using MEDLINE (June 1998 to September 2006) on researches of some valuable specific biomarkers in diagnosis and monitoring metastasis or postoperative recurrence of HCC. RESULTS: Hepatoma tissues can synthesize various tumor-related proteins, polypeptides, and isoenzymes, such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), hepatoma-specific gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (HS-GGT), etc, and then secrete into blood. The valuable early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers could predict the development and metastases of HCC. Recent researches have confirmed that circulating hepatoma-specific AFP subfraction, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, HS-GGT, and free insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-Ⅱ may be more specific markers than total AFP level for early diagnosis for HCC. The circulating genetic markers such as AFP-mRNA, TGF-β1-mRNA, IGF-Ⅱ-mRNA, etc from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HCC patients have been most extensively used in monitoring distal metastasis or postoperative recurrence of HCC. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatoma tissues synthesize and secrete valuable molecular markers into blood. The analyses of circulating hepatoma-specific biomarkers are usefulto early diagnosis of HCC or monitoring metastasis or postoperative recurrence of HCC. | Yao, Deng-Fu Dong, Zhi-Zhen Yao, Min | 2007 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2007，6，3： | 55 |
| 5 | Diagnostic value of AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱin hepatocellular carcinoma according to total-AFP显示文摘AIM:To evaluate diagnostic value ofα-fetoprotein (AFP)-L3 and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ)in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). METHODS:One hundred and sixty-eight patients during routine HCC surveillance were included in this study.Of the 168 patients,90(53.6%)had HCC including newly developed HCC(n=82)or recurrent HCC after treatment(n=8).Sera were obtained during their first evaluation for HCC development and at the time of HCC diagnosis before commencing HCC treatment.HCC was diagnosed by histological examination,appropriate imaging characteristics-computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging.Control sera were collected from 78 patients with benign liver disease(BLD),which were obtained during routine surveillance with a suspicion of HCC.AFP,AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱwere measured in the same serum by microchip capillary electrophoresis and liquid-phase binding assay on a micro-total analysis system Wako i30 auto analyzer.The performance characteristics of three tests and combined tests for the diagnosis of HCC were obtained using receiver operating characteristic curves in all populations and subgroups with AFP<20 ng/mL. RESULTS:Of 90 HCC patients,38(42.2%)patients had AFP<20 ng/mL,20(22.2%)patients had AFP 20-200 ng/mL and 32(35.6%)patients had AFP>200 ng/mL.Of the 78 BLD patients,74(94.9%)patients had AFP<20 ng/mL.After adjustment for age and HBV infection status,AFP-L3 levels were higher in HCC than in BLD among patients with low AFP levels(<20 ng/mL)(P<0.001).In a total of 168 patients,areas under the curve(AUC)for HCC were 0.879,0.887,0.801 and 0.939 for AFP,AFP-L3,PIVKA-Ⅱand the combined markers,respectively.The combined AUC for three markers showed higher value than the AUCs of individual marker(P<0.05).AFP-L3 had higher AUC value than PIVKA-Ⅱfor HCC detection in entire patients(P =0.043).With combination of AFP-L3(cut-off>5%) and PIVKA-Ⅱ(cut-off>40 AU/L),the sensitivity were 94.4%and specificity were 75.6%in all patients.In 112 patients with low AFP levels(<20 ng/mL),AUCs of AFP-L3,PIVKA-Ⅱand combine AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱtests were 0.824,0.774 and 0.939,respectively. AFP-L3 with a cut-off value of 5%showed sensitivity of 71.1%and specificity of 83.8%,and PIVKA-Ⅱwith a cut-off value of 40 AU/L had sensitivity of 57.9%and specificity of 95.9%in patients with low AFP levels. The combination of AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱincreased the sensitivity and specificity up to 92.1%and 79.7%, respectively,in low AFP group.Combined markers detected 81.8%of early stage HCC(Union for Inter-national Cancer Control stageⅠ),86.7%of small sized tumor(<2 cm)and 91.7%of single tumor of HCC in the low AFP group.In multivariate analysis,AFP-L3 was correlated with AFP and tumor size,and PIVKA-Ⅱwas correlated with laboratory tests including serum aspartate aminotransferase,total bilirubin,platelets and albumin levels.PIVKA-Ⅱhad no correlation with AFP,AFP-L3 or tumor characteristics. CONCLUSION:Combined determination of AFP-L3 and PIVKA-Ⅱcould improve the diagnostic value for HCC detection in patients with or without increased AFP levels. | Jong Young Choi Seung Won Jung Hee Yeon Kim Myungshin Kim Yonggoo Kim Dong Goo Kim Eun-Jee Oh | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，3： | 55 |
| 6 | Inhibitory effect of IGF-Ⅱ antisense RNA on malignant phenotype of hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘INIRODUCTIONAccording to the therapeutic effect and strategy ofantisense RNA for hepatoccllular carcinoma(HCC),we have specifically synthesized partialcDNA of human insulin-like growth factor Ⅱ(IGF-Ⅱ)and constructed IGF-Ⅱ cDNA antisenseeukaryotic expression vector.The constructedvector was introduced into hepatoma cell lineSMMC-7721 to block the intrinsic IGF-Ⅱexpression.The biological behavior changes ofhepatoma cells were observed.All these | Dong Hua Yang Ming Qing Zhang Jiang Du Chong Xu Oiao Ming Liang Ji Fang Mao Han Rong Qin Zi Rong Fan Department of Gastroenterology,Zhujiang Hospital,the First Military Medical University,Guangzhou 510282,China Laboratory of Molecular Biology,Zhujiang Hospital,the First Military Medical University,Guangzhou,China Departrnent of Biochemistry,the Second Military Medical University,Shanghai,China | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，2： | 54 |
| 7 | Role of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in gastric cancer: An indepth literature review显示文摘Gastric cancer remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and one of the leading cause for cancerrelated deaths. Gastric adenocarcinoma is a multifactorial disease that is genetically, cytologically and architecturally more heterogeneous than other gastrointestinal carcinomas.The aberrant activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the development and progression of a significant proportion of gastric cancer cases. This review focuses on the participation of the Wnt/b-catenin pathway in gastric cancer by offering an analysis of the relevant literature published in this field. Indeed, it is discussed the role of key factors in Wnt/β-catenin signaling and their downstream effectors regulating processes involved in tumor initiation, tumor growth, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Available data indicate that constitutive Wnt signalling resulting from Helicobacter pylori infection and inactivation of Wnt inhibitors(mainly by inactivating mutations and promoter hypermethylation) play an important role in gastric cancer. Moreover, a number of recent studies confirmed CTNNB1 and APC as driver genes in gastric cancer. The identification of specific membrane, intracellular, and extracellular components of the Wnt pathway has revealed potential targets for gastric cancer therapy. High-throughput 'omics' approaches will help in the search for Wnt pathway antagonist in the near future. | Miguel Angel Chiurillo | 2015 | World Journal of Experimental Medicine2015，5，2： | 58 |
| 8 | Molecular mechanism about lymphogenous metastasis of hepatocarcinoma cells in mice显示文摘AIM To investigate the correlation between lymphogenous metastasis and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity and the expression of Fas Iigand of tumor cells in lymph nodes.METHODES Fifty-six inbred 615-mice were equally divided into 2 groups and inoculated with Hca-F and Hca-P cells. Their lymph node metastatic rates were examined.Growth fraction of lymphocytes in host lymph nodes was detected by flow cytometry. The Hca-F and Hca-P cells were cultured with extract of lymph node, liver or spleen.The quantity of MMPs in these supernatants was examined by zymographic analysis. The expression of Fas ligand,PCNA, Bcl-2 protein of Hca-F and Hca-P cells in the mice were examined by immunohistochemistry. The apoptosis signals of macrophages in lymph nodes were observed with in situ DNA fragmentation.RESULTS On the 28th day post-inoculation, the lymph node metastatic rate of Hca-F was 80% (16/20), whereas that of Hca-P was 25% (5/20). The growth fraction of lymphocytes was as follows: in the Hca-F cells, the proliferating peak of lymphocytes appeared on the 14th day post-inoculation and then decreased rapidly, while in HcaP cells, the peak appeared on the 7th day post-inoculation and then kept at a high level. With the extract of lymph node, the quantity of the MMP-9 activity increased (P<0.01) and active MMP-9 and MMP-2 were produced by both Hca-F and Hca-P tumor cells, which did not produce MMPs without the extract of lymph node or with the extracts of the liver and spleen. The expression of Fas Ligand of Hca-F cells was stronger than that of Hca-P cells (P<0.01). The expressions of PCNA and Bcl-2 protein of Hca-F cells in the tumors of inoculated area were the same as that of Hca-P cells. In situ DNA fragmentation showed that the positive signals of macrophages were around HcaF cells.CONCLUSION Secretion of MMPs which was associated with metastatic ability of Hca-F and Hca-P tumor cells depends on the environment of lymph nodes. The increased expression of Fas ligand protein of Hca-F tumor cells with high lymphogenous metastatic potential in lymph nodes may help tumor cells escape from being killed by host lymphocytes. | Li Hou Ying Li Yong-Hua Jia Bo Wang Yi Xin Mao-Ying Ling Shen Lü Department of Pathology,Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116027,Liaoning Province,ChinaDepartment of Biochemistry,Dalian Medical University,Dalian 116027,Liaoning Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 47 |
| 9 | Biomolecular basis of the role of diabetes mellitus in osteoporosis and bone fractures显示文摘Osteoporosis has become a serious health problem throughout the world which is associated with an increased risk of bone fractures and mortality among the people of middle to old ages.Diabetes is also a major health problem among the people of all age ranges and the sufferers due to this abnormality increasing day by day.The aim of this review is to summarize the possible mechanisms through which diabetes may induce osteoporosis.Diabetes mellitus generally exerts its effect on different parts of the body including bone cells specially the osteoblast and osteoclast,muscles,retina of the eyes,adipose tissue,endocrine system specially parathyroid hormone(PTH) and estrogen,cytokines,nervous system and digestive system.Diabetes negatively regulates osteoblast differentiation and function while positively regulates osteoclast differentiation and function through the regulation of different intermediate factors and thereby decreases bone formation while increases bone resorption.Some factors such as diabetic neuropathy,reactive oxygen species,Vitamin D,PTH have their effects on muscle cells.Diabetes decreases the muscle strength through regulating these factors in various ways and ultimately increases the risk of fall that may cause bone fractures. | Bipradas Roy | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，4： | 41 |
| 10 | 菝葜活性成份对慢性盆腔炎大鼠子宫组织肿瘤坏死因子-ɑ和白介素-4的影响显示文摘目的探讨菝葜活性成份治疗慢性盆腔炎的作用机制。方法采用化学烧伤的方法建立慢性盆腔炎大鼠模型。对70只大鼠随机分为模型对照组,假手术组,空白对照组,菝葜活性成份高、中、低剂量组,金刚藤胶囊组。治疗14 d后,观察子宫肿胀率和抑制率,酶联免疫法检测各组大鼠子宫组织中TNF-α和IL-4的表达情况。结果光学显微镜下观察显示:菝葜活性成份高、中、低剂量组能降低大鼠子宫内膜的炎症细胞,促进其病变上皮细胞增生修复,减轻浆膜充血水肿。与模型对照组比较,菝葜活性成份高、中剂量组能降低慢性盆腔模型大鼠子宫的肿胀率(P<0.01);菝葜活性成份高、中、低剂量组子宫组织中TNF-α的含量明显降低(P<0.01);菝葜活性成份高、中剂量组子宫组织中IL-4的含量明显升高(P<0.01),菝葜活性成份低剂量组子宫组织中IL-4的含量升高(P<0.05)。结论菝葜活性成份能影响慢性盆腔炎大鼠子宫的肿胀率及子宫组织中TNF-α、IL-4的水平,这可能是菝葜活性成份治疗慢性盆腔炎症和缓解盆腔粘连的药理作用机制之一。 | 罗艳琴 马云 宋路瑶 罗红成 侯连兵 | 2014 | 南方医科大学学报2014，34，2： | 41 |
| 11 | Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and its role in oncogenesis of human gastric carcinoma显示文摘AIM To establish the role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the oncogenesisof human gastric carcinoma more directly.METHODS The expression of VEGF and its receptor kinase-domain insert containing receptor (KDR) in human gastric cancer tissue were observed by immunohistochemical staining. VEGF levels were manipulated in human gastric cancer cell using eukaryotic expression constructs designed to express the complete VEGF165 complimentary DNA in either the sense or antisense orientation. The biological changes of the cells were observed in which VEGF was up-regulated or downregulated.RESULTS VEGF-positive rate was 50%, and VEGF was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and membrane of the tumor cells, while KDR was mainly located in the membrane of vascular endothelial cells in gastric cancer tissues and peri-cancerous tissue. In 2 cases of 50 specimens, the gastric cancer cells expressed KDR,localized in both the cytoplasm and membrane.Introduction of VEGF165 antisense into human gastric cancer cells ( SGC-7901, immunofluorescence intensity,31.6%)) resulted in a significant reduction in VEGFspecific messenger RNA and total and cell surface VEGF protein ( immunofluorescence intensity, 8.9%)(P<0.05). Conversely, stable integration of VEGF165 in the sense orientation resulted in an increase in cellular and cell surface VEGF (immunofluorescence intensity,75.4%) (P<0.05). Lowered VEGF levels were associated with a marked decrease in the growth of nude mouse xenografted tumor (at 33 days postimplantation, tomor volume: 345.40 ± 136.31 mm3) (P<0.05 vs control SGC7901 group: 1534.40 ± 362.88 mm3), whereas up-regulation of VEGF resulted in increased xenografted tumor size (at 33 days postimplantation, tomor volume: 2350.50 ± 637.70mm3) (P<0.05 vs control SGC-7901 group).CONCLUSION This study provides direct evidence that VEGF plays an important role in the oncogenesis of human gastric cancer. | Du-Hu Liu Xue-Yong Zhang Dai-Ming Fan Yu-Xin Huang Jin-Shan Zhang Wei-Quan Huang Yuan-Qiang Zhang Qing-Sheng Huang Wen-Yu Ma Yu-Bo Chai Ming Jin Institute of Digestive Disease,Xijing Hospital,~2 Department of Gastroenterology,Tangdu Hospital,~3Department of Histology and Embryology,~4 Department of Microbiology,~5 Department of Biochemistry,Fourth Military Medical University,Xi’an 710033,Shaanxi Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 37 |
| 12 | Preoperative biliary drainage in hilar cholangiocarcinoma: When and how?显示文摘Hilar cholangiocarcinoma is a tumor of the extrahepatic bile duct involving the left main hepatic duct, the right main hepatic duct, or their confluence. Biliary drainage in hilar cholangiocarcinoma is sometimes clinically challenging because of complexities associated with the level of biliary obstruction. This may result in some adverse events, especially acute cholangitis. Hence the decision on the indication and methods of biliary drainage in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma should be carefully evaluated. This review focuses on the optimal method and duration of preoperative biliary drainage(PBD) in resectable hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Under certain special indications such as right lobectomy for Bismuth type ⅢA or Ⅳ hilar cholangiocarcinoma, or preoperative portal vein embolization with chemoradiation therapy, PBD should be strongly recommended. Generally, selective biliary drainage is enough before surgery, however, in the cases of development of cholangitis after unilateral drainage or slow resolving hyperbilirubinemia, total biliary drainage may be considered. Although the optimal preoperative bilirubin level is still a matter of debate, the shortest possible duration of PBD is recommended. Endoscopic nasobiliary drainage seems to be the most appropriate method of PBD in terms of minimizing the risks of tract seeding and inflammatory reactions. | Woo Hyun Paik Nerenthran Loganathan Jin-Hyeok Hwang | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2014，6，3： | 37 |
| 13 | Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the role of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in cirrhotic patients who have hepatic and renal impairment with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis(SBP).METHODS:We prospectively studied 120 cirrhotic patients with SBP and 80 cirrhotic patients with sterile ascitic fluid.They included 144 males and 56 females with ages ranging between 34 and 62 years.The diagnosis of cirrhosis was established by clinical and laboratory criteria that did not require histological confirmation.The severity of underlying liver disease was evaluated using Pugh's modification of Child's criteria(Child-Pugh scores).Ascitic fluid was sent to the laboratory for cell count,culture,sensitivity testing,and measurement of chemical elements(i.e.,albumin,glucose).Specimens were inoculated into aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles.Serum and ascitic fluid were also collected in sterile tubes at study entry(before the initiation of antibiotic treatment) and 48 h later.Assays for TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum and ascitic fluid were performed with an immunoenzymometric assay using manufacture's instructions.RESULTS:Cytokine levels in serum and ascitic fluid were significantly higher in the patients with SBP.(plasma TNF-α:135.35 ng/mL ± 11.21 ng/mL vs 92.86 ng/mL ± 17.56 ng/mL,P < 0.001;plasma IL-6:32.30 pg/mL ± 7.07 pg/mL vs 12.11 pg/mL ± 6.53 pg/mL,P < 0.001;ascitic fluid TNF-α:647.54 ± 107.11 ng/mL vs 238.43 ng/mL ± 65.42 ng/mL,P < 0.001);ascitic fluid IL-6:132.84 ng/mL ± 34.13 vs 40.41 ± 12.85 pg/mL,P < 0.001).About 48(40%) cirrhotic patients with SBP developed renal and hepatic impairment and showed significantly higher plasma and ascitic fluid cytokine levels at diagnosis of infection.[(plasma TNF-α:176.58 ± 17.84 vs 135.35 ± 11.21 ng/mL)(P < 0.001) and(IL-6:57.83 ± 7.85 vs 32.30 ± 7.07 pg/mL)(P < 0.001);ascitic fluid TNF-α:958.39 ± 135.72 vs 647.54 ± 107.11 ng/mL,(P < 0.001),ascitic fluid IL-6:654.74 ± 97.43 vs 132.84 ± 34.13 pg/mL,(P < 0.001)].Twenty nine patients(60.4%) with SBP and renal impairment died whereas,only four patients(5.55%) with SBP but without renal impairment died from gastrointestinal hemorrhage(P < 0.0005).CONCLUSION:It appears that TNF-α production may enhance liver cell injury and lead to renal impairment.This correlated well with the poor prognosis and significantly increased mortality associated with SBP in cirrhotic patients. | Muhammed AM Suliman Fawzy MH Khalil Salam SA Alkindi Anil V Pathare Ali AA Almadhani Neveen AAI Soliman | 2012 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2012，3，5： | 39 |
| 14 | Diagnosis of subepithelial tumors in the upper gastrointestinal tract by endoscopic ultrasonography显示文摘Endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS) is the most accurate procedure for detecting and diagnosing subepithelial tumors,due to its higher sensitivity and specificity than other imaging modalities.EUS can characterize lesions by providing information on echogenic origin,size,borders,homogeneity,and the presence of echogenic or anechoic foci.Linear echoendoscopes,and recently also electronic radial echoendoscopes,can be used with color Doppler or power Doppler to assess the vascular signals from subepithelial masses,and thus permit the differentiation of vascular structures from cysts,as well as the assessment of the tumor blood supply.However,the diagnostic accuracy of EUS imaging alone has been shown to be low in subepithelial lesions with 3rd and 4th layers.It is also difficult to differentiate exactly between benign and malignant tumors and to gain an accurate picture of histology using EUS.On the other hands,EUS guided fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA) can provide samples for cytologic or histologic analysis.Hypoechoic lesions of the 3rd and the 4th EUS layers,more than in 1 cm diameter are recommended,and histologic confirmation using endoscopic submucosal resection or EUSFNA should be obtained when possible.Therefore,EUSFNA plays an important role in the clinical management of subepithelial tumors.Furthermore improvements in endoscopic technology are expected to be more useful modalities in differential diagnosis and discrimination between benign and malignant subepithelial | Hiroki Sakamoto Masayuki Kitano Masatoshi Kudo | 2010 | World Journal of Radiology2010，2，8： | 40 |
| 15 | Changes of gut bacteria and immune parameters in liver transplant recipients显示文摘BACKGROUND: Liver transplantation is one of the most effective therapeutic options for patients with end-stage liver diseases, and gut microbiota is actively involved in potential infections in pretransplant and posttransplant patients. However, the diversity of gut microbiota and its relationship with the immune parameter of liver transplantation recipients are not well understood. METHODS: We collected fresh feces and blood samples from 190 participants in China from November 2004 to May 2008, including 28 healthy volunteers, 51 cirrhotic patients and 111 liver-transplanted patients. Six interesting gut bacteria, plasma endotoxin, serum cytokines (i.e., tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6) and fecal secretory IgA (SIgA) were investigated by real-time quantitative PCR, chromogenic limulus amoebocyte assay, sandwich-type enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay, respectively. RESULTS: All Eubacteria, Bifidobacterium spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Lactobacillus spp. were significantly lower in the liver transplantation recipients while Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus spp. were significantly higher (P<0.05). Except for Enterococcus spp., other bacteria showed a tendency to restore to normal level along with the time after liver transplantation. Plasma endotoxin, interleukin-6 and fecal SIgA in cirrhotic patients increased significantly, but not in liver transplantation recipients. Plasma endotoxin and interleukin-6 were negatively correlated with all Eubacteria and the Bacteroides-Prevotella group, while tumor necrosis factor alpha was not significantly correlated with these six gut bacteria in cirrhotic patients.CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that abundant gut bacteria were altered significantly in both cirrhotic and liver transplantation patients, while plasma endotoxin and interleukin-6 increased remarkably in cirrhotic patients, showing significant correlations with gut microbiota. Interestingly, our data show a tendency for these gut bacteria to restore to normal levels in liver transplantation recipients. | Zhong-Wen Wu, Zong-Xin Ling, Hai-Feng Lu, Jian Zuo, Ji-Fang Sheng, Shu-Sen Zheng and Lan-Juan Li State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases Key Lab of Combined Multiorgan Transplantation, Ministry of Public Health, Key Lab of Organ Transplantation and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery , First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China | 2012 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2012，11，1： | 37 |
| 16 | Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma:clinical analysis of 11 cases显示文摘BACKGROUND:Primary hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma (PHNEC) is extremely rare,and fewer than 300 cases have been reported in the English/Chinese-language literature,therefore it is difficult to make a proper diagnosis and determine a therapeutic approach.METHODS:Eleven PHNEC patients were admitted to our hospital between January 1996 and May 2008.Laboratory examination,digestive endoscopy,B-ultrasonography,CT,MRI,or PET-CT were performed on the patients for preoperative diagnosis.All patients received liver resection.Some patients received transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE),percutaneous ethanol injection treatment (PEIT),or octreotide injection when a recurrence was found.The patients' clinical data were recorded and all patients were followed up.RESULTS:The patients were confirmed pathologically as having PHNEC.Their median follow-up time was 33 months (12-107 months).All patients survived,and the longest postoperative survival time was 107 months,the longest diseasefree survival time was 98 months,the 1-year survival rate was 100%,and the 1-year recurrence rate was 45.5% (5/11).CONCLUSIONS:Since PHNEC is easy to confuse with hepatocellular carcinoma,careful screening of symptoms is needed to avoid misdiagnosis.Resection is the first choice of treatment for PHNEC and provides the most favorable outcomes including long-term survival.Other treatment such as TACE and PEIT can be considered as well,especially when a tumor recurs. | Huang, Yang-Qing Xu, Feng Yang, Jia-Mei Huang, Bin | 2010 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2010，9，1： | 36 |
| 17 | Detection of serum tumor markers in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer显示文摘BACKGROUND: Although a variety of tumor markers areavailable for diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, their sensitivityand specificity have not yet been ideal. The aims of thisstudy was to detect a panel of serum tumor markers and toevaluate their significance in the diagnosis and prognosis ofpancreatic cancer patients.METHODS: Eight serum tumor markers including AFP,CEA, CA-50, CA72-4, CA-125, CA153, CA19-9 and CA242were detected in 129 patients with pancreatic cancer by usingchemiluminescence immunoassay, immunofluorescence as-say and immunoradiometric assay, respectively. The levelsof these markers were compared in 99 patients with non-pancreatic malignant tumor, 63 patients with other benigndiseases, and 27 patients with pancreatic cancer after pan-createctomy.RESULTS: Among the 8 tumor markers, CA19-9, CA242,CA-50, and CA72-4 were more sensitive in the diagnosis ofpancreatic cancer. Parallel combined testing could increasethe diagnostic sensitivity to 89.2%, and serial combined exa-mination could increase the diagnostic specificity to 92.3%.The serum tumor markers levels were decreased significant-ly after radical tumor resection.CONCLUSIONS: Serum CA19-9, CA242, CA-50, andCA72-4 are the preferred tumor markers to be used in thediagnosis and follow-up of operated cases of pancreaticcancer. Testing of a panel of multiple serum tumor mark-ers may increase the sensitivity and specificity in the diag-nosis of pancreatic cancer. | Xiao-Ting Jiang, Hou-Quan Tao and Shou-Chun Zou Clinical Medical Laboratory and Depart-ment of Surgery , Zhejiang Provincial People’ sHospital, Hangzhou 310014 , China | 2004 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2004，3，3： | 35 |
| 18 | Novel image-enhanced endoscopy with i-scan technology显示文摘i-scan technology is the newly developed imageenhanced endoscopy technology from PENTAX,Japan.This consists of three types of algorithms:surface enhancement (SE),contrast enhancement (CE),and tone enhancement (TE).SE enhances light-dark contrast by obtaining luminance intensity data for each pixel and applying an algorithm that allows detailed observation of a mucosal surface structure.CE digitally adds blue color in relatively dark areas,by obtaining luminance intensity data for each pixel and applying an algorithm that allows detailed observation of subtle irregularities around the surface.Both enhancement functions work in real time without impairing the original color of the organ,therefore,SE and CE are suitable for screening endoscopy to detect gastrointestinal tumors at an early stage.TE dissects and analyzes the individual RGB components of a normal image.The algorithm then alters the color frequencies of each component and recombines the components to a single,new color image.This is designed to enhance minute mucosal structures and subtle changes in color.TE works in real time and consists of three modes such as TE-g for gastric tumors,TE-c for colonic tumors,and TE-e for esophageal tumors.TE is suitable mainly for detailed examination of the lesions that are detected in a screening endoscopy.i-scan technology leads us to easier detection,diagnosis and treatment of gastroi ntestinal diseases. | Shinya Kodashima Mitsuhiro Fujishiro | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，9： | 35 |
| 19 | Endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/T1b esophageal neoplasms: A systematic review显示文摘AIM: To investigate potential therapeutic recommendations for endoscopic and surgical resection of T1a/ T1b esophageal neoplasms. METHODS: A thorough search of electronic databases MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed and Cochrane Library, from 1997 up to January 2011 was performed. An analysis was carried out, pooling the effects of outcomes of 4241 patients enrolled in 80 retrospective studies. For comparisons across studies, each reporting on only one endoscopic method, we used a random effects meta-regression of the log-odds of the outcome of treatment in each study. 'Neural networks' as a data mining technique was employed in order to establish a prediction model of lymph node status in superficial submucosal esophageal carcinoma. Another data mining technique, the 'feature selection and root cause analysis', was used to identify the most impor-tant predictors of local recurrence and metachronous cancer development in endoscopically resected patients, and lymph node positivity in squamous carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) separately in surgically resected patients. RESULTS: Endoscopically resected patients: Low grade dysplasia was observed in 4% of patients, high grade dysplasia in 14.6%, carcinoma in situ in 19%, mucosal cancer in 54%, and submucosal cancer in 16% of patients. There were no significant differences between endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the following parameters: complications, patients submitted to surgery, positive margins, lymph node positivity, local recurrence and metachronous cancer. With regard to piecemeal resection, ESD performed better since the number of cases was significantly less [coefficient: -7.709438, 95%CI: (-11.03803, -4.380844), P < 0.001]; hence local recurrence rates were significantly lower [coefficient: -4.033528, 95%CI: (-6.151498, -1.915559),P < 0.01]. A higher rate of esophageal stenosis was observed following ESD [coefficient: 7.322266, 95%CI: (3.810146, 10.83439), P < 0.001]. A significantly greater number of SCC patients were submitted to surgery (log-odds, ADC: -2.1206 ± 0.6249 vs SCC: 4.1356 ± 0.4038, P < 0.05). The odds for re-classification of tumor stage after endoscopic resection were 53% and 39% for ADC and SCC, respectively. Local tumor recurrence was best predicted by grade 3 differentiation and piecemeal resection, metachronous cancer development by the carcinoma in situ component, and lymph node positivity by lymphovascular invasion. With regard to surgically resected patients: Significant differences in patients with positive lymph nodes were observed between ADC and SCC [coefficient: 1.889569, 95%CI: (0.3945146, 3.384624), P<0.01). In contrast, lymphovascular and microvascular invasion and grade 3 patients between histologic types were comparable, the respective rank order of the predictors of lymph node positivity was: Grade 3, lymphovascular invasion (L+), microvascular invasion (V+), submucosal (Sm) 3 invasion, Sm2 invasion and Sm1 invasion. Histologic type (ADC/SCC) was not included in the model. The best predictors for SCC lymph node positivity were Sm3 invasion and (V+). For ADC, the most important predictor was (L+). CONCLUSION: Local tumor recurrence is predicted by grade 3, metachronous cancer by the carcinoma insitu component, and lymph node positivity by L+. T1b cancer should be treated with surgical resection. | George Sgourakis Ines Gockel Hauke Lang | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，9： | 40 |
| 20 | 非哺乳期乳腺炎的免疫学研究进展显示文摘乳腺慢性炎症是一种临床上较少见的乳腺炎性疾病,又称非哺乳期乳腺炎,近几年发病率有明显上升趋势。但由于临床医生对该病认识不足,且病因不明,从而导致目前对该病的检出率低,治愈率低。目前认为非哺乳期乳腺炎是一个免疫相关性疾病,有多种细胞及细胞因子参与疾病的发生、发展过程。各类细胞因子在非哺乳期乳腺炎的疾病进展的不同阶段,其血浆含量不同,并有一定规律。本文就肿瘤坏死因子-α,NK细胞,干扰素-γ,CD4+T细胞亚群,树突状细胞及趋化因子与非哺乳期乳腺炎之间的关系进行综述。 | 张超杰 孔成 | 2014 | 大连医科大学学报2014，36，4： | 39 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员