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| 1 | 我国水环境农药污染现状及健康影响研究进展显示文摘农药在农业生产上做出了极大的贡献,但随着农药使用量的逐年加大,使农药易经雨水冲淋或经地面径流等途径进入水环境。水环境中的残留农药破坏了水生态系统,对水生生物造成严重的危害,从而对人类健康构成威胁。目前,水体农药污染状况逐渐受到了人们的广泛关注。笔者介绍了我国水体中常见的残留农药种类,综述了我国河流、地下水、海洋等不同水体中的农药污染现状以及农药对水生生物与人类健康的影响,为我国开展相关研究提供参考依据。 | 孙肖瑜 王静 金永堂 | 2009 | 环境与健康杂志2009，26，7： | 26 |
| 2 | 烟草及其制品中砷的形态分析显示文摘为了测定烟草中砷(As)的形态,采用超声溶剂萃取、高效液相色谱(HPLC)与电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)联用技术建立了亚砷酸[As(Ⅲ)]、砷酸[As(V)]、二甲基肿酸(DMA)、甲基胂酸(MMA)、砷甜菜碱(AsB)和砷胆碱(AsC)6种形态As的分离分析方法。结果表明:采用HamiltonPRPX-100(250mm×4.1mm,10μm)阴离子交换柱、15mmol/L(NH4)2HPO4(pH6.0)等度洗脱,6种不同形态As在15min内实现了基线分离,线性范围不小于两个数量级,检出限0.44~0.98μg/L,加标回收率85.19%~87.31%,相对标准偏差(RSDs,n=5)2.45%~3.56%。烟草中As含量较低,且部分以低毒的DMA、MMA形态存在;超声溶剂提取能同时提取烟草中的有机As和无机As,较客观地反映样品中As的形态分布。该方法准确、可靠,适合于评价烟草中As的形态,可为烟草的安全性评价提供参考。 | 张建平 刘秀彩 黄朝章 刘泽春 许寒春 谢卫 | 2013 | 烟草科技2013，46，6： | 7 |
| 3 | Influence of selenium induced oxidative stress on spermatogenesis and lactate dehydrogenase-X in mice testis显示文摘Aim: To evaluate the effect of oxidative stress on the spermatogenesis and lactate dehydrogenase-X (LDH-X) activity in mouse testis. Methods: For creating different levels of oxidative stress in mice, three selenium (Se) level diets were fed in separate groups for 8 weeks. Group 1 animals were fed yeast-based Se-deficient (0.02 ppm) diet. Group 2 and Group 3 animals were fed with the same diet supplemented with 0.2 ppm and 1 ppm Se as sodium selenite, respectively. After 8 weeks, biochemical and histopathological observations of the testis were carried out. LDH-X levels in the testis were analyzed by western immunoblot and ELISA. Results: A significant decrease in testis Se level was observed in Group 1 animals, whereas it was enhanced in Group 3 as compared to Group 2. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was significantly reduced in both the liver and testis in Group 1, but not in Group 2 and 3. A significant increase in the testis glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity was observed in Group 1,whereas no significant change was seen in Groups 2 and 3. Histological analysis of testis revealed a normal structure in Group 2. A significant decrease in the germ cell population in Group 1 was observed as compared to Group 2 with the spermatids and mature sperm affected the most. Decrease in the lumen size was also observed. In the Se-excess group (Group 3), displacement of germ cell population was observed. Further, a decrease in the LDH-X level in testis was observed in Group 1. Conclusion: Excessive oxidative stress in the Se deficient group, as indicated by changes in the GSH-Px/GST activity, affects the spermatogenic process with a reduction in mature sperm and in turn the LDH-X level. (Asian J Androl 2004 Sep; 6: 227-232) | Parminder Kaur M.P.Bansal | 2004 | Asian Journal of Andrology2004，6，3： | 6 |
| 4 | Free radical scavenger effect of rebamipide in sperm processing and cryopreservation显示文摘Alm:To study the effect of rebamipide added to semen samples and cryoprotectant on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Methods: Semen samples from 30 fertile and healthy volunteers were collected bymasturbation after 2 days-3 days of abstinence. After liquefaction, the specimens were diluted with sperm washmedia to a uniform density of 20×10^6/mL. Rebamipide was added to semen samples and cryoprotectant to a final concentration of 10μmol/L, 30μmol/L, 100μmol/L or 300μmol/L. Specimens were incubated at 37℃ in a 0.5 % CO2 incubator for I h or cryopreserved at -196℃ LN2 for 3 days. The sperm motility and viability and the levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation of sperm membrance were assessed before and after incubation and cryopreservation by means of computer assisted semen analyzer, eosin-nigrosin stain, chemiluminescence and thiobarbituric acid assay,respectively. Results: The sperm motility was significantly increased after incubation with 100 gmol/L and 300gmol/L rebamipide (P<0.05). After cryopreservation, the sperm motility was significantly decreased in all concentra-tions (P<0.05), but the decrease was less with 100μmol/L and 300μmol/L rebamipide than that with otherconcentrations. The sperm viability showed no significant difference before and after incubation (P>0.05). The levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation in semen were significantly decreased in proportion to the concentrations of rebamipide both after incubation and cryopreservation (P<0.05). Conclusion: Rebamipide is an effective flee radical scavenger in semen in vitro. ( Asian J Androl 2003 Sep; 5: 195-201) | Nam Cheol Park Hyun Jun Park Kyeong Mi Lee Dong Gil Shin | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，3： | 4 |
| 5 | Effect of bisphenol A and co-administration of bisphenol Aand vitamin C on epididymis of adult rats:A histological and biochemical study显示文摘Aim: To study the effect of bisphenol A on the epididymis and epididymal sperm of rats and the possible amelioration action of co-administration with vitamin C. Methods: Male Wistar rats were orally administered bisphenol A (0.2μg·kg^-1,2μg·kg^-1·day^-1 and 20μg.kg^-l.day^-1)and 0.2μg ,2μg and 20μg bisphenol A + 40 mg vitamin C·kg^-1·day^-1 for 60 days. On day 61, rats were killed with anesthetic ether and sperm collected from epididymis were used for assessment of sperm count, motility and viability and biochemical studies. A 1% homogenate of epididymis was prepared and used for biochemical estimations. Caput, corpus and cauda epididymis were fixed in Bouin's fixative for histological studies. Results: Administration of bisphenol A caused a reduction in the epididymal sperm motility and count and the sperm viability remained unchanged. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glu-tathione peroxidase decreased, while the levels of lipid peroxidation increased in epididymal sperm and epididymis atall doses. Co-administration with vitamin C reversed the effect of bisphenol A-induced oxidative stress in epididymal sperm and epididymis. A complete degeneration of epididymal epithelium in caput, corpus and canda regions with reduction in the number of sperms were observed at all doses of bisphenol A-treated rats. Conclusion: Bisphenol A induced oxidative stress in epididymis and caused degeneration of the epididymal epithelium of rats. Co-administra-tion with vitamin C had a protective effect against the bisphenol A-induced toxicity in epididymal sperm and epididymis.( Asian J Androl 2003 Sep. 5: 203-208) | K.C.Chitra K.Ramachandra Rao P.P.Mathur | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，3： | 3 |
| 6 | 有机氯农药雄性生殖毒性中MAPK信号转导途径的作用机制显示文摘促有丝分裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号传导途径与细胞生长、分化、凋亡等密切相关,在介导细胞凋亡过程中起着重要作用。近年研究发现MAPK途径在调控有机氯农药诱导雄性生殖毒性中发挥了极为重要的作用,并且发现活性氧的大量生成是介导有机氯农药作用于MAPK途径的关键性物质。探讨有机氯农药诱导细胞凋亡的发生发展与MAPK信号途径关系,有助于从分子水平上深入的阐明有机氯农药诱导雄性生殖障碍的作用机制。 | 于海歌 杨克敌 | 2007 | 卫生研究2007，36，6： | 1 |
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