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| 1 | 湿地植物根形态结构和泌氧与盐和重金属吸收、积累、耐性关系的研究进展显示文摘目前大面积湿地面临着重金属污染和盐渍化问题。利用湿地植物修复这些受损生态系统和提高海水稻的产量、减少毒性金属元素在稻米中的积累是当前面临的重要任务。湿地植物(包括水稻)已发展出各种策略和机制来耐受不同的环境胁迫,它们的根系发育具有可塑性,如根形态和解剖结构会随外界条件的变化而变化,这些变化直接影响其对环境胁迫的适应性能。近年来,对湿地植物根形态和结构、泌氧与其对盐、重金属的吸收、积累和耐性之间的关系方面进行了一些重要研究。本文分别对湿地植物根系形态、质外体屏障、通气组织和泌氧与其对盐和重金属吸收、积累和耐性的关系等方面的研究进展进行了综述,并对该领域未来的发展方向作了展望。 | 谢换换 叶志鸿 | 2021 | 生态学杂志2021，40，3： | 14 |
| 2 | Rice functional genomics:decades'efforts and roads ahead显示文摘Rice(Oryza sativa L.)is one of the most important crops in the world.Since the completion of rice reference genome sequences,tremendous progress has been achieved in understanding the molecular mechanisms on various rice traits and dissecting the underlying regulatory networks.In this review,we summarize the research progress of rice biology over past decades,including omics,genome-wide association study,phytohormone action,nutrient use,biotic and abiotic responses,photoperiodic flowering,and reproductive development(fertility and sterility).For the roads ahead,cutting-edge technologies such as new genomics methods,high-throughput phenotyping platforms,precise genome-editing tools,environmental microbiome optimization,and synthetic methods will further extend our understanding of unsolved molecular biology questions in rice,and facilitate integrations of the knowledge for agricultural applications. | Rongzhi Chen Yiwen Deng Yanglin Ding Jingxin Guo Jie Qiu Bing Wang Changsheng Wang Yongyao Xie Zhihua Zhang Jiaxin Chen Letian Chen Chengcai Chu Guangcun He Zuhua He Xuehui Huang Yongzhong Xing Shuhua Yang Daoxin Xie Yaoguang Liu Jiayang Li | 2022 | Science China(Life Sciences)2022，65，1： | 12 |
| 3 | 植物脂质应答逆境胁迫生理功能的研究进展显示文摘脂质是生命有机体中一类重要的化合物,可以参与并调节多种生命活动,并且在植物应答非生物胁迫(盐胁迫、干旱胁迫和温度胁迫等)过程中发挥着重要生理功能。但长期以来,对于脂质的研究多集中于动物细胞和医学领域,却疏于关注植物研究领域。借助于'组'学思想和生物技术的快速发展,脂质组学由于可以深层次、全面地揭示脂质的组分与功能,近年来备受关注。基于此,文中通过对脂质的功能与分类、脂质组学技术进展、植物脂质响应干旱胁迫、盐胁迫和温度胁迫生理功能进展等的国内外现有研究进行了归纳与总结,并提出了不足与展望,为探索脂质在植物抗逆过程的生理功能和脂质组学等领域深入研究提供一定的基础。 | 刘俊羽 杨帆 毛爽 李书鑫 林海蛟 阎秀峰 蔺吉祥 | 2021 | 生物工程学报2021，37，8： | 12 |
| 4 | 基于SRAP标记的甜瓜耐盐种质资源遗传多样性分析显示文摘研究不同耐盐程度甜瓜种质资源的亲缘关系和遗传多样性,为甜瓜种质资源有效利用提供理论依据。该试验以不同耐盐程度的27个甜瓜品种为材料,利用SRAP标记分析甜瓜种质资源的遗传多样性,从364对引物组合中筛选出24对扩增清楚且多态性丰富的引物,共扩增出415个清晰的位点,其中多态性位点241个,多态比率达58%。平均观测等位基因数(Na)为1.588 0,平均有效等位基因数(Ne)为1.347 0,平均Nei's基因多样性指数(H)为0.201 3,平均Shannon's信息指数(I)为0.301 0,表明供试甜瓜具有丰富的遗传多样性。UPGMA聚类结果显示:遗传相似系数在0.36~1.00之间,遗传相似性系数在0.72时,可将27个甜瓜品种划分为4个类群,耐盐型甜瓜在其中3个类群有分布,中等耐盐型甜瓜在4大类群中均有分布,盐敏感型均集中在第Ⅰ类群,表明耐盐型和中等耐盐型甜瓜种质的遗传多样性比盐敏感型种质丰富。遗传相似系数与UPGMA聚类结果的Cophentic矩阵相关系数为0.749,说明聚类分析结果较准确。研究认为,耐盐型甜瓜的遗传多样性较丰富,要得到耐盐的杂种优势品种,需要融入更多遗传关系较远的新种质。 | 高宁宁 常高正 康利允 李晓慧 梁慎 李海伦 赵卫星 | 2019 | 西北植物学报2019，39，1： | 7 |
| 5 | Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Approaches:Future Scope of Halotolerant Genes and Rice Landraces显示文摘All rice plant developmental stages are severely affected by soil salinity. Salinity-induced ionic and osmotic stresses affect stomata closure and gaseous exchange, and reduce transpiration and the rate of carbon assimilation, and hence decrease plant yield. Understanding the response of rice plants toward salinity stress at the genetic level and developing salt-tolerant varieties are the vital mandates for its effective management. This review described the present status of salt-tolerance achieved in rice by various mechanisms including the ion homeostasis(Na^+/H^+, OsNHX antiporters), compatible organic solutes(glycine betaine and proline), antioxidative genes(OsECS, OsVTE1, OsAPX and OsMSRA4.1), salt responsive regulatory elements(transcription factors, cis-acting elements and miRNAs) and genes ecoding protein kinases(MAPKs, SAPKs and STRKs). Further, the future perspective of developing salt-tolerant varieties lies in exploring halotolerant gene homologs from rice varieties, especially the landraces. Genetic diversity among rice landraces can serve as a valuable resource for future studies toward variety improvement through breeding and genome editing. Further, identification, multiplication, preservation and utilization of biodiversity among landraces are the urgent buffers to be saved as a heritage for future generations to come. | Tarun Bhatt Aditi Sharma Sanjeev Puri Anu Priya Minhas | 2020 | Rice science2020，27，5： | 6 |
| 6 | 水稻耐盐育种研究进展显示文摘盐胁迫对作物的不利影响使作物生长受到抑制,进而影响产量和品质。水稻也是一样,其产量和品质也会受到盐分胁迫的不利影响。从耐盐水稻品种的选育、水稻耐盐的分子机制、耐盐基因的克隆、现代生物技术与耐盐水稻育种方面进行阐述,以期有助于表征未知的耐盐性机制并促进育种应用。 | 王诗宇 毛艇 张丽丽 李鑫 刘研 赵一洲 倪善君 钟顺成 王柏秋 张战 | 2021 | 北方水稻2021，51，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Increasing Fatty Acids in Rice Root Improves Silence of Rice Seedling to Salt Stress显示文摘Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses around the world, and salt salinity is one of the major constrains affecting rice production (Tu et al, 2014;Reddy et al, 2017). According to the statistics, more than one billion hectares of the land in the major continents are affected by salinity (Fageria et al, 2012;Zhou et al, 2018). Rice is a salt sensitive crop, considered more sensitive to salt stress during early stage (Hasanuzzaman et al, 2009). Understanding the method to improve plant salt tolerance is a potential way to enhance agriculture productivity in the future (Jing and Zhang, 2017). Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) on plasma membrane plays important roles in salt tolerance through enhancing the activity of Na^+/H^+ transporters (López-Pérez et al, 2009). | LIU Ling CHEN Jin TAN Yanning ZHOU Tianshun OUYANG Ning ZENG Jia YUAN Dingyang DUAN Meijuan | 2019 | Rice science2019，26，6： | 2 |
| 8 | 基于物种敏感性分布(SSD)的耐盐与Pb低吸收小麦筛选研究及应用显示文摘盐胁迫与重金属污染是导致污灌区土壤退化的主要因子,耐盐与重金属低吸收特征的小麦品种的筛选对污灌区农田安全利用具有重要意义.本文采集了河北某典型污灌区农田表层(0~20cm)土壤,通过外源添加0.4%NaCl盐化处理后进行盆栽试验,基于不同小麦耐盐指数(STi)与Pb富集系数(1/BCF)的物种敏感性分布(SSD)特征,对具有耐盐、Pb低吸收小麦品种进行筛选.结果表明:盐分胁迫对不同小麦的植株生长产生显著的抑制效应,基于地上部生物量的不同小麦耐盐指数范围为0.49~1.04,其中最小耐盐指数为中麦415,最大的为轮选987.不同小麦基于耐盐指数大小的SSD顺序为:轮选987>中优9507>中麦1062>中麦996>轮选1690>中麦816>中麦175>中麦14>中优206>中麦415.不同小麦茎叶与根对Pb的富集系数间存在显著(p<0.05)差异,其中,小麦茎叶对Pb富集系数从0.013(中麦1062)~0.073(中优206),最大相差5.80倍,小麦根对Pb富集系数从0.129(中优206)~0.223(中麦14),最大相差1.72倍.基于茎叶Pb富集系数(1/BCF)的SSD顺序为:中麦1062>轮选987>中麦996>中麦816>轮选1690>中麦415>中优9507>中麦14>中麦175>中优206;据此筛选出了具有耐盐与Pb低吸收的小麦品种为中麦1062与轮选987.基于SSD模型中保护95%物种安全的风险阈值(HC5)判断,中优206的1/BCF测定值为13.7,小于HC5值(14.4),为该污灌区土壤不宜种植的Pb敏感性品种.研究结果可为盐分胁迫下污灌区Pb污染农田的安全利用提供参考. | 孟楠 王萌 雷小琴 陈莉 郑涵 陈世宝 | 2019 | 应用基础与工程科学学报2019，37，5： | 2 |
| 9 | Physiological Responses of Pea Plants to Salinity and Gibberellic Acid显示文摘Pea is a seed legume.It is rich in cellulose fibre and protein.It is also a significant source of minerals and vitamins.In this paper,we set out to better characterize the physiological responses of Pisum sativum L.to the combined effects of NaCl,100 mM and gibberellins(GA3).Our analysis revealed that NaCl caused a decrease in growth resulting in a reduction in root elongation,distribution and density,leaf number and leaf area,and a decrease in dry matter of roots and shoots.However,the contribution of GA3 in the salty environment induced an increase in these different parameters suggesting an improving effect of this hormone on growth of pea in presence of salt.NaCl also led to a disturbance of the photosynthetic machinery.Indeed,level of chlorophyll pigments(a and total)and photosynthetic activity were decreased compared to the control plants.However,the exogenous supply of GA3 restored this decrease in net CO_(2) assimilation,but not in chlorophyll content.Additional analyses were performed on the effect of salinity/GA3 interaction on osmolytes(soluble sugars and starch).Our results showed an increase in sugars and a decrease in starch in the presence of 100 mM NaCl.The salt-GA3 combination resulted in compensation of soluble sugar contents but not of starch contents,suggesting a beneficial effect of GA3 under saline stress conditions.Level of three main polyamines putrescine,spermidine,and spermine increased significantly in all organs of salt-treated plants. | Houneida Attia | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，1： | 0 |
| 10 | A comprehensive study of the proteins involved in salinity stress response in roots and shoots of the FL478 genotype of rice(Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica)显示文摘Rice,a major staple,is the most salt-sensitive cereal.High salinity triggers several adaptive responses in rice to cope with osmotic and ionic stress at the physiological,cellular,and molecular levels.A major QTL for salinity tolerance,named Saltol,is present on chromosome 1 of Indian landraces such as Pokkali and Nona Bokra.The early proteomic and physiological responses to salinity in roots and shoots of FL478,an inbred rice line harboring the Saltol QTL,were characterized.Plantlets were cultured in hydroponic cultures with 100 mmol L^(-1) Na Cl and evaluated at 6,24,and 48 h.At the physiological level,root length significantly increased at 48 h,whereas shoot length was reduced.The Na^(+)/K^(+) ratio was maintained at lower levels in shoots than in roots,suggesting that roots play a protective role.More than 2000 proteins were detected in both tissues.Roots showed a faster and more coordinated proteomic response than shoots,evident after only 6 h of treatment.These responses showed clear correspondence with those of proteins involved in transcription and translation.Maintenance of mitochondrial activity and amino acid metabolism in roots,and activation of stress-responsive proteins such as dehydrins and PLAT in shoots,may play a key role during the response of the plant to salinity stress.Proteomic and physiological responses showed that roots respond in a more highly adaptive manner than shoots to salinity stress,suggesting that this tissue is critical to the tolerance observed in cultivars harboring Saltol. | Camilo Lopez-Cristoffanini Mireia Bundo Xavier Serrat Blanca San Segundo Marta Lopez-Carbonell Salvador Nogues | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，5： | 0 |
| 11 | Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Novel Salt-Tolerant Rice Germplasms from the Philippines and Bangladesh显示文摘To screen for new sources of salinity tolerance, 688 traditional rice varieties from the Philippines and Bangladesh were obtained, and their tolerance to hypersaline conditions at the seedling stage was examined. A total of 29 Philippine lines and 15 Bangladeshi lines were scored as salt-tolerant.Morphological assessment(plant height, biomass and Na-K ratio) revealed that among the 44 salt-tolerant accessions, Casibon, Kalagnon and Ikogan had significantly higher relative shoot length difference, relative shoot growth reduction and shoot Na-K ratio than the tolerant check FL478.Additionally, AC and Akundo exhibited significantly higher Na-K ratios than the other genotypes. The genetic diversity of the 44 genotypes was assessed using 34 simple sequence repeat markers. A total of 133 alleles were detected across all loci. Cluster analysis showed that AC, Akundo and Kuplod were clustered along with FL478, indicating a strong genetic relatedness between these genotypes. IR29(susceptible check) was singly separated. The haplotype analysis revealed that none of the 44 genotypes had a similar allele combination as FL478. These accessions are of interest since each genotype might be different from the classical salinity-tolerant Pokkali. | Wilson F.AALA Jr Glenn B.GREGORIO | 2019 | Rice science2019，26，3： | 0 |
| 12 | 水稻耐盐分子机制研究进展显示文摘水稻是世界上重要的粮食作物之一,对盐胁迫比较敏感,土壤盐碱化对水稻的安全生产造成潜在风险。盐胁迫会引起水稻的渗透胁迫和离子毒害,还会在植株中引起氧化胁迫,导致水稻品质和产量下降。由于水稻根系能吸收盐分分泌有机酸,同时具有田间持水和排水晒田的生长特性,因此水稻也是一种改良盐渍土的优良作物。因此培育耐盐水稻新品种,提高水稻耐盐性,可有效提高盐渍化耕地的生产潜力,对保障我国乃至全球粮食安全具有重要意义。近年来,数量遗传学和分子标记技术不断发展,通过遗传、生化及分子生物学等手段,挖掘出大量耐盐相关QTL和基因,对于解析水稻耐盐分子机制,利用分子标记辅助选择、基因编辑等提高耐盐水稻育种效率,均具有非常重要的意义。但目前克隆的耐盐相关基因大多采用反向遗传学方法获得,且大多是在过表达条件下表现出耐盐性,或者耐盐基因为隐性,难以在耐盐水稻育种中应用。总结近年来水稻耐盐相关基因的鉴定和挖掘研究中所取得的进展,从有机物渗透调节、离子吸收转运调节、抗氧化系统清除活性氧调节、激素调节4个方面综述水稻耐盐分子机制的研究进展,并探讨未来水稻耐盐性研究面临的挑战,为开展水稻耐盐分子育种提供建议。 | 陈思蓉 李晨 孙炳蕊 | 2023 | 广东农业科学2023，50，12： | 0 |
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