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| 1 | 鄂尔多斯盆地南部三叠系延长组湖相重力流沉积细粒岩及其油气地质意义显示文摘随着页岩油气勘探开发和相关领域研究的不断深入,细粒沉积物的搬运和沉积已成为当前沉积学研究的热点问题之一,但中国中生代湖泊环境中的泥质重力流沉积尚未引起应有的关注。通过岩心观察、薄片鉴定等手段及综合研究,分析了鄂尔多斯盆地晚三叠世湖相泥质重力流沉积特征,探讨了其形成机制与成因分类。鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组湖相泥页岩结构类型多样,发育泥质块体流沉积、泥质碎屑流沉积、泥质浊流沉积和泥质异重流沉积等多种重力流沉积类型。按照泥质含量将重力流划分为砂质重力流、泥质重力流和混合重力流3种亚类,并根据成因将重力流划分为滑塌体、碎屑流、浊流及异重流等4种亚类;结合成因和泥质含量,将重力流沉积共划分为12种类型。滑塌岩、碎屑岩分布于三角洲前缘斜坡脚附近;浊积岩、异重岩广泛分布于三角洲斜坡至沉积中心。认为泥质沉积物可以在强水动力条件下搬运—沉积;重力流沉积细粒物质在湖相沉积中占据很大的比例;泥质重力流对泥页岩中的碎屑物质、黏土矿物及有机质的搬运和沉积起到重要作用,因而对于页岩油气的生烃、储集性能和压裂工艺研究具有重要意义。 | 杨仁超 尹伟 樊爱萍 韩作振 A.J.(Tom)van Loon | 2017 | 古地理学报2017，19，5： | 35 |
| 2 | Restrictions to the application of 'diagnostic'criteria for recognizing ancient seismites显示文摘Soft-sediment deformation structures induced by seismic liquefaction and/or fluidization receive much attention in sedimentological,structural and palaeoseismic studies.The direct record of larger earthquakes is restricted to instrumental and historical data; the recognition of prehistoric earthquakes requires criteria to recognize seismites in the geological record.The areal distribution of seismites can sometimes be related to active faults since distances to the epicenter(for a given magnitude) tend to be related to the liquefaction effects of seismic shocks.The use of soft-sediment deformation structures for palaeoseismic studies has limitations,however.Hardly anything is known,for instance,about the effects that modern seismic events have on the sediments in most environments.Moreover,criteria for the recognition of seismites are still under discussion.The following characteristics seem,particularly in combination,the most reliable:(1) Soft-sediment deformation structures should occur in laterally continuous,preferably recurring horizons,separated by undeformed beds;(2) These deformation structures should be comparable with structures known to have been triggered by modern seismic activity;(3) The sedimentary basin should have experienced tectonic activity at the time when the deformations were formed; and(4) The intensity or abundance of the soft-sediment deformation structures in a presumed seismite should change laterally,depending on the distance to the epicenter.It turns out that all of these four criteria have important exceptions.(1) Soft-sediment deformation structures occurring over large lateral distances in a specific layer can be triggered also by other processes.Moreover,in environments with a low sedimentation rate,the time between successive earthquakes is often too short to allow accumulation of beds that remain undisturbed.Furthermore,total liquefaction of a sandy bed may result in the absence of deformation features.(2) No truly diagnostic soft-sediment deformation structures exist to prove seismic activity.Moreover,the final configuration of a soft-sediment deformation structure is independent of the type of trigger.(3) Seismites occur frequently in areas where seismic activity is low today.(4) The lateral changes in the intensity of soft-sediment deformation structures in seismites as a factor presumed to depend on the distances to the epicenter,pose a complicated problem.The 2012 Emilia earthquakes,for instance,affected sandy fluvial channels but not the fine-grained floodplains.It must thus be deduced that specific soft-sediment deformation structures cannot be used without additional evidence to identify seismites.In particular,the magnitude of seismic shocks and the recurrence time of main events(the most important features that allow recognition of seismites) seem to be sedimentological in nature:facies changes in space and time seem theparameters that most strongly control the occurrence,morphology,lateral extent and the vertical repetition of seismites. | Massimo Moretti A.J.(Tom) van Loon | 2014 | Journal of Palaeogeography2014，3，2： | 22 |
| 3 | 大盛群中的震积岩:郯庐断裂带强构造与地震活动新证据显示文摘首次从郯庐断裂带马站和郯城断陷盆地的下白垩统大盛群中识别出了80多层震积岩.它们所记录的地震事件发生在早白垩世约110~100 Ma,当时该断裂带正发生拉张-伸展且间有挤压-走滑的强构造活动,引发了一系列5~8.5级的强地震事件.地震触动大盛群洪积-湖泊相饱和-半固结的沉积物发生液化、触变、坠落、断裂、裂开、充填及褶曲等层内同沉积变形,从而形成了各种各样的震积岩,包括液化砂墙、液化砂脉、液化角砾岩、液化均一层、负载构造、火焰构造、球-枕构造、布丁构造、底辟构造、震裂缝充填构造、巨型砾岩楔及同沉积断层等.显然,这些震积岩是郯庐断裂带早白垩世强构造与地震活动的新证据;由它们记录的一系列强烈地震事件也是对当时华北克拉通破坏的同步响应. | 田洪水 Antonius Johannes VAN LOON 王华林 张慎河 祝介旺 | 2016 | 中国科学:地球科学2016，46，1： | 21 |
| 4 | Seismites resulting from high-frequency, high-magnitude earthquakes in Latvia caused by Late Glacial glacio-isostatic uplift显示文摘Geologically extremely rapid changes in altitude by glacial rebound of the Earth crust after retreat of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet at the end of the last Weichselian glaciation influenced the palaeogeography of northern Europe.The uplift of the Earth crust apparently was not gradual,but shock-wise,as the uplift was accompanied by frequent,high-magnitude earthquakes.This can be deduced from strongly deformed layers which are interpreted as seismites.Such seismites have been described from several countries around the Baltic Sea,including Sweden,Germany and Poland.Now similarly deformed layers that must also be interpreted as seismites,have been discovered also in Latvia,a Baltic country that was covered by an ice sheet during the last glaciation.The seismites were found at two sites:Near Valmiera in the NE part and near Rakuti in the SE part of the country.The seismites were found in sections of about 7 m and 4.5 m high,respectively,that consist mainly of glaciofluvial and glaciolacustrine sands and silts.At the Valmiera site,7 seismites were found,and at the Rakuti site these were even 12 seismites.The two sections have not been dated precisely up till now,but lithological correlations and geomorphological characteristics suggest that the sediments at the Valmiera site cannot be older than 14.5 ka.Because the accumulation of the section did not take more than about 1000 years,the average recurrence time of the high-magnitude(M≥4.5-5.0) earthquakes must have been maximally only 100-150 years,possibly only 6-7years.The sediments at Rakuti must also have formed within approx.1000 years(17-16 ka),implying a recurrence time of high-magnitude earthquakes of maximally once per 100-200 years. | A.J. (Tom) van Loon Matgorzata Pisarska-Jamrozy Maris Nartiss Maris Krievans Juris Soms | 2016 | Journal of Palaeogeography2016，5，4： | 13 |
| 5 | Seismites in the Dasheng Group: New evidence of strong tectonic and earthquake activities of the Tanlu Fault Zone显示文摘More than 80 layers of seismites were recognized from the Early Cretaceous Dasheng Group in the Mazhan and Tancheng graben basins in the Tanlu Fault Zone, eastern China. The responsible seismic events took place about 110–100 Ma in the Early Cretaceous. The fault zone was affected at the time by strong tectonics, due to tension-related stretching and scattered squeezing by strike-slip faults. These tectonic activities induced a series of strong earthquakes with Richter magnitudes(M) of 5–8.5. The earthquakes affected saturated or semi-consolidated flood and lake sediments, and produced intra-layer deformations by several processes, including liquefaction, thixotropy, drop, faulting, cracking, filling and folding, which resulted in the formation of various soft-sediment deformation structures, such as dikes and veins of liquefied sand, liquefied breccias, liquefied homogeneous layers, load structures, flame structures, ball-and-pillow structures, boudinage, diapirs, fissure infillings, a giant conglomerate wedge, and syn-sedimentary faults. The seismites are new evidence of tectonic and seismic activities in the Tanlu Fault Zone during the Early Cretaceous; the series of strong seismic events that can be deduced from them must be considered as a response to the destruction of the North China Craton. | TIAN Hong Shui Antonius Johannes VAN LOON WANG Hua Lin ZHANG Shen He ZHU Jie Wang | 2016 | Science China Earth Sciences2016，59，3： | 10 |
| 6 | A Marine or Continental Nature of the Deltas in the Early Cretaceous Lingshandao Formation--Evidences from Trace Elements显示文摘Objective A succession with well-developed soft-sediment deformation structures and well-exposed gravity-flow deposits in the Early Cretaceous Lingshandao Formation has caused considerable controversy on whether the nondisputed deltaic environment was marine or continental.This dispute cannot be solved by mere sedimentological analysis and,moreover,too few fossils are present to be decisive.The main objective of the present contribution | YANG Renchao FAN Aiping HAN Zuozhen A.J.(Tom)VAN LOON | 2017 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2017，91，1： | 10 |
| 7 | 新元古代沂沭海峡地震引发的软沉积物变形及其微量元素信息显示文摘新元古代沂沭海峡位于郯庐断裂带昌邑—大店断层西侧宽60~90km、长300km的区域内,其分布范围基本与郯庐断裂带中段一致。新元古代,该海峡盆地先后沉积了青白口系、南华系及震旦系的滨—浅海相陆源碎屑、泥质及碳酸盐沉积物,其岩石地层称之为土门群。本次研究从该海峡盆地土门群佟家庄组(由石英砂岩、泥灰岩和页岩组成,属南华系)、浮来山组(由细—粉砂岩夹页岩组成,属震旦系)及石旺庄组(主要由碳酸盐岩组成,下部夹页岩,属震旦系)中鉴别出了一系列地震触动软沉积物形成的变形构造,包括液化砂墙和砂脉、负载构造、火焰构造、球枕构造、软布丁构造、底辟构造、滑塌褶曲和同沉积断层等。它们是地震事件的记录——震积岩。新元古代中晚期(约800—600Ma)沂沭海峡盆地拉张裂陷是它们形成的动力机制。根据石旺庄组中的微亮晶方解石脉与地震成因的变形构造(如负载、火焰、软布丁及同沉积断层等)共(伴)生的事实,并结合模拟地震试验结果分析,认为微亮晶方解石脉很可能是地震引发的饱和灰泥(方解石微粒)液化脉。微量化学元素分析结果表明,这些震积岩中的w(La)/w(Sc)和w(La)/w(Th)值高于上地壳平均值和正常沉积层,而w(Th)/w(Sc)值则较低,深源微量元素Ni和Cr的含量也高于上地壳平均值及正常沉积层。这些微量元素特征是当时的盆地基底不稳定、快速沉积且伴有深部物质元素混入的反映,强地震很可能是快速沉积和促进深源物质混入的主要动力。土门群中发育的一系列地震引起的软沉积物变形(震积岩),再次证明了古郯庐断裂带的存在,由它们记录的地震事件也是晋宁运动乃至Rodinia超大陆的裂解的响应。 | 张邦花 田洪水 A.J.(Tom) van Loon | 2017 | 古地理学报2017，19，1： | 8 |
| 8 | The Vérard et al.(2015) method for 3D palaeogeographic reconstructions:How solid is its base?显示文摘Vérard and co-workers proposed in an earlier issue of this journal a method to reconstruct the 3D palaeogeography 'anywhere in the world at any time'.The present contribution is a discussion of some of the assumptions on which the method of Vérard et al.is based.The reason for this discussion is that the method will give,at least seemingly,illogical outcomes for numerous situations.Moreover,some assumptions used by Vérard and his team pose theoretical problems.It is deduced that the method developed by Vérard and co-workers may occasionally help,indeed,to obtain a rough picture of the altitude of the sedimentary surface on the continents and of the depth of the sedimentary surface in the oceans in the geological past.The outcomes should,however,be treated with utmost care as several of the assumptions on which the interpretative 3D method is based have no solid basis,so that even the rough outcomes of the method must be considered questionable. | A.J.(Tom) van Loon | 2015 | Journal of Palaeogeography2015，4，3： | 8 |
| 9 | Neogene Paleoseismic Events and the Shanwang Biota's Burial in the Linqu Area,Shandong Province,China显示文摘Several paleoseismic events are recorded in the Neogene Linqu Group, exposed in the Linqu area, Shandong Province, China. The events were interpreted on the basis of fieldwork and laboratory analysis, which showed the presence of seismites with plastically deformed soft-sediment deformation structures in the Shanwang Formation, and of seismic volcanic rocks in the Yaoshan Formation which show brittle deformation. The earthquake-triggered soft-sediment deformations in the seismites include load structures, ball-and-pillow structures, flame structures, pillow-like beds, boudinage structures, slump folds, syn-depositional faults, veins of liquefied sand, and dikes of liquefied sandy lime-mud. The seismic activity is also reflected in what might be called ‘brittle seismites'; these originated when, under the influence of seismic vibrations, semi-consolidated conglomerate was shattered. Moreover, volcanic activity is related to intense earthquakes that affected basalts intercalated with sand layers; these successions are known as ‘seismic volcanic rocks', which are characterized by veins of liquefied sand intruding the basalts. All above traces of paleoseismic activity were left from one single time span of 4 Ma with active seismicity that took place 14–10 Ma. This time span is known as ‘the Linqu Neogene Paleoseismic Active Period', which is divided into four paleoseismic episodes, which were responses to tectonic extension and basin rifting in this area. It even includes the activity of the Yishu Fault Zone during the Miocene and the Neogene. The ratios of trace elements in the seismites, w(La)/w(Sc) and w(La)/w(Th) are higher than the average value of the upper crust, but w(Th)/w(Sc) is lower; this is geochemical evidence for the basin rifting that resulted in a high sedimentation rate. The intense and frequent paleo-earthquakes are held responsible for the rapid burial of the Shanwang Biota. Secondary earthquake-induced processes(e.g. slumping of a lake shore and the strongly increased lacustrine sedimentation rate) contributed to the rapid burial of the biota. | TIAN Hongshui A.J.(Tom) VAN LOON ZHANG Zengqi ZHANG Shenhe ZHANG Banghua Lü Mingying LI Fuchang MA Xuemin | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，4： | 7 |
| 10 | Deformed stromatolites in marbles of the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation as evidence for synsedimentary seismic activity显示文摘The Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation consists mainly of dolomites that represent diagenetically transformed limestones deposited in a shallow peritidal environment.Although the environment was tectonically stable,the study area in the Changping District(north of the Beijing area) was affected by synsedimentary earthquakes.Later,the dolomites in the study area were intruded by a granite.This resulted in contact metamorphism of the dolomites,changing them in a halo around the intrusion into marble.This marble,which is exposed near Taoyukou Village,shows some levels with well-developed stromatolites.The stromatolites contain structures that point at deformation when the stromatolites had not yet been lithified,and thus represent soft-sediment deformation structures.The stromatolites apparently built up during a time-span when repeated deformational processes affected the still unlithified sediment,from the sedimentary surface down to maximally a few decimeters.The deformed stromatolites thus represent seismites,which feature is exceptionally rarely recognizable in marble. | A.J.(Tom) van Loon Su Dechen | 2013 | Journal of Palaeogeography2013，2，4： | 7 |
| 11 | Siliceous Cementation of Chlorite-Coated Grains in the Permian Sandstone Gas Reservoirs,Ordos Basin显示文摘Objective It has long been controversial that whether authigenic chlorite coatings in sandstone reservoirs can prevent precipitation of siliceous cements.It is commonly believed that chlorite coatings(also called chlorite films,chlorite linings,or chlorite rims)may prevent quartz overgrowth,and thus help the preservation of original pores in sandstone reservoirs.Recently,however,this assumption has been challenged by reservoir geologists.This dispute cannot be solved by mere analysis of thin sections,nor by chemical equations and diagenesis analysis.The main objective of the present contribution is to shed light on | FAN Aiping YANG Renchao LI Jinbu ZHAO Zhongjun A.J.(Tom) VAN LOON | 2017 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2017，91，3： | 5 |
| 12 | The response of stromatolites to seismic shocks: Tomboliths from the Palaeoproterozoic Chaibasa Formation, E India显示文摘It is demonstrated here for the first time how Palaeoproterozoic stromatolites survived seismic disturbance of their substrate.The stromatolites under study could have been cyanobacteria or any other photoautotrophic microbes,which formed mats that covered a substrate of very fine-grained sandstones and mudstones of the Chaibasa Fm.in eastern India.The sediments represent a shelf environment.The local abundance of the stromatolites suggests that the low-energy environment formed a suitable habitat.The common phases of tectonic quiescence were,however,occasionally interrupted by seismic shocks.These were sufficiently strong to deform the mat layers,the lower parts of which might already have been(semi-) consolidated.The mats became partly folded,partly faulted,and already consolidated parts of the stromatolite layers broke off.This can be deduced from the angular shapes of part of the broken-off fragments.It appears,however,that part of these fragments were still sufficiently soft to become rounded and deformed by rolling over the seafloor,probably under the influence of tidal currents.When come to rest,these fragments served as a new substrate for new generations of the microorganisms.These micro-organisms thus survived by continued growth on the reworked fragments and built up new stromatolites that may show an 'angular disconformity' with the stromatolites of their substrate.It thus is shown that stromatolites have an adequate response to a sudden disturbance of their habitat,and that they survive earthquakes by colonization of broken-off fragments.We call the'healed'fragments' tomboliths'(tumbled stones). | A.J. (Tom) van Loon Rajat Mazumder Shuvabrata De | 2016 | Journal of Palaeogeography2016，5，4： | 4 |
| 13 | An Upward Shallowing Succession of Gravity Flow Deposits in the Early Cretaceous Lingshandao Formation,Western Yellow Sea显示文摘Objective Several well-exposed gravity flow deposits in the Early Cretaceous Lingshandao Formation provide a rare opportunity to study deep-water processes.The main objective of this work is to establish the spatial and temporal relationships between the various gravity flow deposits,and thus to establish their sequence stratigraphic patterns and depositional conditions. | YANG Renchao FAN Aiping HAN Zuozhen A.J.(Tom) van Loon | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Significance of Inducible Defense-related Proteins in Infected Plants显示文摘 | L.C. van Loon M. Rep C.M.J. Pieterse | 2006 | Annual Review of Phytopathology2006，，： | 2 |
| 15 | Double-strand breaks from 125I incorporated in the DNA and cell death显示文摘 | Charlton DE Hofer KG Van Loon N | 1994 | Int J Radiat Biol1994，66，： | 2 |
| 16 | Attraction of Colorado Potato Beetle to Herbivore-Damaged Plants During Herbivory and After Its Termination显示文摘 | Caroline J. Bolter Marcel Dicke Joop J. A. Van Loon J. H. Visser Maarten A. Posthumus | 1997 | Journal of Chemical Ecology1997，，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Biomimetic extraction as a tool to identify chemicals with high bioconcentration potential: an illustration by two fragrances in sewage treatment plant effluents and surface waters显示文摘 | Verbruggen E M J van Loon W M G M and Tonkes M | | Environ Sci Te0，，： | 2 |
| 18 | DECADAL VARIATIONS IN CLIMATE ASSOCIATED WITH THE NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION显示文摘 | JAMES W. HURRELL HARRY VAN LOON | 1997 | Climatic Change (-)1997，，3： | 2 |
| 19 | The role of membrane fatty-acid transporters in regulating skeletal muscle substrate use during exercise显示文摘 | Pelsers MM Stellingzoerff T van Loon LJ | 2008 | Sports Med2008，38，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Community size,individu-al social position,and community attachment显示文摘 | Stinner William F Loon Mollie Van | 1990 | Rural Sociolo-gy1990，，55： | 1 |
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