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| 1 | Turbulent intensity and its similarity function over an Inner Mongolian grassland during spring显示文摘Macroscopic reason for the development of turbulences in fluid is the conjunction action of velocity and temperature shears. We use the 2008 spring flux observations in the surface layer over Inner Mongolian grassland, obtain the similarity functions of turbulent intensity under different stratification stability conditions, and calculate the clear day turbulent intensity in the spring, which is then analyzed and compared with the observed values of turbulent intensity. The results show that in the Inner Mongolian grassland, under the condition of spring unstable stratification of the surface layer, dependence of the similarity function of turbulent intensity on stratification stability follows a '2/3 power law'. The structural function is a constant under the neutral stratification condition, and complicated under the stable condition. The calculated turbulent intensity has a close correlation with the observed one, which verifies the accuracy of the similarity functions and the suitability of the theorem of turbulent intensity in the grassland region. | YUE Ping1,2,3, NIU ShengJie2, HU YinQiao4 & ZHANG Qiang1 1 Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Reducing Disaster of CMA, Institute of Arid Meteorology, CMA, Lanzhou 730020, China 2 Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China 3 Zhangye National Meteorological Observatory, Zhangye 734000, China 4 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 7 |
| 2 | 活性氧化铝除氟研究显示文摘针对目前活性氧化铝饮水除氟中存在的问题,进行了生产性试验研究,通过采用原水投加CO_2气体降低pH值、小颗粒活性氧化铝、大流量短历时的NaOH循环再生法等新技术,提高了活性氧化铝的吸附容量和处理水的能力,克服滤料板结和假疲劳,除氟效果稳定可靠,水质好,再生时间短,用药省,降低了基建投资和运转费用。 | North China Municipal Engineering Design Institute A full-scale plant was set up for studying the existing problems on the fluoride removal from drinking water by activated alumina. Some new methods was adopted,such as the addition of CO2to reduce water pH value,the use of small-sized activated alumina,and the employment of a cyclic regeneration at large flow rate with NaOH as regenerant,which result in the improvement of adsorption capacity of activated alumina and treatment capacity, the elimination of the hardening of filtration materials and false fatigue,stable and reliable effectiveness,good quality in water,short regeneration time,small consumption of regenerant. And then the capital and openational costs were reduced. | 1989 | 中国给水排水1989，5，3： | 5 |
| 3 | Theorem of turbulent intensity and macroscopic mechanism of the turbulence development显示文摘Turbulence is one of the most common nature phenomena in everyday experience, but that is not adequately understood yet. This article reviews the history and present state of development of the turbulence theory and indicates the necessity to probe into the turbulent features and mechanism with the different methods at different levels. Therefore this article proves a theorem of turbulent transpor- tation and a theorem of turbulent intensity by using the theory of the nonequilibrium thermodynamics, and that the Reynolds turbulence and the Rayleigh-Bénard turbulence are united in the theorems of the turbulent intensity and the turbulent transportation. The macroscopic cause of the development of fluid turbulence is a result from shearing effect of the velocity together with the temperature, which is also the macroscopic cause of the stretch and fold of trajectory in the phase space of turbulent field. And it is proved by the observed data of atmosphere that the phenomenological coefficient of turbulent in- tensity is not only a function of the velocity shear but also a function of temperature shear, viz the sta- bility of temperature stratification, in the atmosphere. Accordingly, authenticity of the theorem, which is proved by the theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics, of turbulent intensity is testified by the facts of observational experiment. | HU YinQiao1,2, CHEN JinBei3,4 & ZUO HongChao2 1 Gansu Province Key laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Reducing Disaster, Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engi- neering Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry (LAPC), Beijing 100029, China 3 Atmospheric Science College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China 4 Resource Environment Department, Lanzhou Agriculture University, Lanzhou 730060, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，5： | 5 |
| 4 | The SOLVD Investiga- tors显示文摘 | Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure | 1991 | N Engl J Med1991，325，： | 1 |
| 5 | UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group显示文摘 | Efficacy of atenolol and captopril in reducing risk of macrovascular and micro-vascular complications in type 2 diabetes:UKPDS 39 | 1998 | BMJ1998，317，： | 1 |
| 6 | Temporary amniotic membrane treatment of primary pterygium: mechanisms ot recurrence rate 显示文摘 | Ye J Kook patch for the reducing the Ophthalmol KH Yao K | 2006 | Graefes Arch Clin Exp2006，244，5： | 1 |
| 7 | The SOLVD Investigators显示文摘 | | 1991 | N Engl J med1991，325，5： | 1 |
| 8 | The Myomectomy Adhesion Multicenter Study Group显示文摘 | An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier (Gore-Tex Surgical Membrane) reduces postmyomectomy adhesion formation | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 9 | UK prospective diabetes study group显示文摘 | Efficacy of atenolol and captopril and microvascular complications in reducing risk of macrovascular in type 2 diabetes: UKPDS 39 | 1998 | BMJ1998，317，： | 1 |
| 10 | The SOLVD Investigators显示文摘 | Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure | 1991 | N Eng J Med1991，325，： | 1 |
| 11 | The Myomectomy Adhesion Multicenter StudyGroup显示文摘 | An expanded polytetrafluoroethylene barrier (Gore-TexSurgical Membrane) reduces post-myomectomy adhesionformation | 1995 | Fertil Steril1995，63，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Leukocyte reduction and ultraviolet B irradiation of platelets to prevent alloimmunization and refractoriness to platelet transfusions 显示文摘 | The Trial to Reduce Alloimmunization to Platelets Study Group | 1997 | N Engl J Med1997，337，26： | 1 |
| 13 | A nonlinear observer for permanent synchronous motor显示文摘 | Solsona reduced J Valla order M I Muravchik C | 1996 | IEEE Transactions on magnet Industry Application1996，43，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Systemic infusion of naloxone of rat substantia nigral dopaminergic neurons induced by intranigral injection of lipopolysaccharide 显示文摘 | Liu B Jiang JW reduces degeneration Wilson BC | 2000 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2000，295，1： | 1 |
| 15 | -a prospective,randomized and controlled study 显示文摘 | Lin H Wang W Li Y et aL Triggering final oocyte maturation with reduced doses of hCG in IVF/ICSI | 2011 | Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol2011，159，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Setting research priorities to disease in the next 15 years 显示文摘 | Wazny K Zipursky A Black R reduce mortality and morbidity of | 2013 | PLoS Med2013，10，10： | 1 |
| 17 | The SOLVD Investigators显示文摘 | | 1991 | N Engl J Med1991，325，： | 1 |
| 18 | Carbon Dioxide Emissions:An Assessment of Different Instruments显示文摘 | Jorgenson D W Wilcoxen P J Reducing U S | 1993 | Journal of Policy Modeling1993，15，56： | 1 |
| 19 | The IMpact-RSVStudy Group显示文摘 | Palivizumab a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high risk infants | 1998 | Pediatrics1998，102，： | 1 |
| 20 | US study shows显示文摘 | Charatan F Exercise and diet reduce risk of diabetes | 2001 | BMJ2001，323，： | 1 |
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