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| 1 | 黄土高原半干旱草地地表能量通量及闭合率显示文摘利用兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站(简称SACOL站)2008年的湍流、辐射、土壤温度和通量梯度观测资料,分析了地表能量通量的日变化、季节变化及能量分配特征,讨论了典型黄土高原沟壑区土壤热量储存对地表能量闭合率的影响。结果表明:黄土高原半干旱草地全年获得的净辐射约为2.269×103 MJ/m2,感热、潜热和土壤热通量年总量分别为1.210×103 MJ/m2、1.117×103 MJ/m2和0.069×103 MJ/m2;能量平衡各分量季节变化明显,日变化呈单峰型。从各能量分量占净辐射的比例来看,黄土高原半干旱草地净辐射主要以感热形式加热大气。草原生长期的能量闭合率为86.8%,非生长期的能量闭合率为76.5%。与未考虑0—5cm深度的土壤热量储存相比,草原生长期能量闭合率提高了11.3%,非生长期能量闭合率提高了12.0%。 | 岳平 张强 杨金虎 李宏宇 孙旭映 杨启国 张建忠 | 2011 | 生态学报2011，31，22： | 31 |
| 2 | 半干旱草原下垫面能量平衡特征及土壤热通量对能量闭合率的影响显示文摘土壤热通量在半干旱草原下垫面能量平衡研究中极为重要,土壤热通量估计不够准确是导致地表能量不平衡的一个重要原因。利用2008年6—9月锡林郭勒草原主生长期地表辐射、通量和土壤温度梯度观测资料,研究中纬度半干旱草原下垫面地表能量平衡特征。首先,在分析能量平衡各分量月平均日变化特征的基础上,通过对土壤热流量板观测的5 cm深度土壤热通量(G)的相位前移,研究了土壤热通量相位滞后对地表能量平衡产生的影响;其次,利用谐波分析方法,通过计算地表土壤热通量(Gs),分析了地表到热流量板之间的土壤热量储存对地表能量平衡的影响。结果表明:(1)将土壤热通量相位前移30 min,湍流通量与可利用能量(Rn-G)线性回归的斜率从0.835增加到0.842,地表能量闭合率提高了0.7%,但仍有15.8%的能量不闭合;(2)考虑了地表到热流量板之间的土壤热量储存之后,湍流通量与可利用能量之间的回归斜率达到0.979,能量不闭合程度仅为2.1%。 | 岳平 张强 牛生杰 成华 王西育 | 2012 | 气象学报2012，70，1： | 20 |
| 3 | 草原生长期地表辐射和能量通量月平均日变化特征显示文摘利用2008年5—9月锡林浩特国家气候观象台辐射和通量观测资料,分析了锡林浩特典型草原生长期各辐射分能量和同期能量通量的月平均日变化以及地表能量闭合度.结果表明:草原生长期总辐射月平均日最大值出现在7月,平均日最大辐射强度达到753.14W·m-2,最小值出现在5月,为697.27W·m-2.受地表反照率和太阳总辐射的影响,生长期反射辐射最大值出现在5月份,平均日积分值为4.92MJ·m-2;9月份最小,平均日积分值为3.76MJ·m-2.生长期获得的辐射能量为1385.67MJ·m-2,平均净辐射(Rn)强度为104.52W·m-2;感热通量(H)共支出640.39MJ·m-2,日平均强度为53.40W·m-2;潜热通量(LH)共支出772.96M·m-2,日平均强度为55.10W·m-2.Rn和H+HL+G线性回归的结果显示,草原生长期日平均能量闭合率为90%,能量不闭合程度为10%. | 岳平 张强 邓振镛 杨金虎 孙旭映 | 2010 | 冰川冻土2010，32，5： | 14 |
| 4 | 半干旱区沙尘天气近地层湍流通量及起沙研究显示文摘利用2005年春季朱日和气象站20m气象塔的观测资料,结合同期的PM10质量浓度资料,分析了半干旱地区不同沙尘天气下近地层湍流通量的变化特征以及PM10质量浓度与起沙之间的关系。结果表明,动量通量在15:00左右达到极大值;感热通量在白天为正值,中午12:00左右达到峰值,而晚上变为负值,并在凌晨达到谷值;由于3月份下垫面湿度大,导致潜热通量经常全天为正值,并在16:00左右达到峰值;PM10质量浓度与摩擦速度的二次方呈正比,临界起沙风速和临界摩擦速度分别为7m·s-1和0.7m·s-1。 | 周悦 牛生杰 邱玉珺 | 2010 | 中国沙漠2010，30，5： | 8 |
| 5 | 黄土高原地表能量闭合特征及土壤通量参数化显示文摘利用兰州大学半干旱气候与环境观测站(简称SACOL站)2008年夏季晴天的湍流、辐射、土壤温度和通量梯度观测资料,确定了晴天土壤热参数,并结合土壤热流量板测量的温度积分法把实际测量通量推算到地表;讨论了典型黄土高原沟壑区土壤热量储存对地表能量闭合率的影响;建立了计算地表土壤热通量的模型.结果表明:黄土高原典型沟壑区夏季晴天平均土壤热容量为1.23×106 J.m-3.K-1;能量平衡方程中,以5cm埋深处HFP01SC热流量板观测值(G5)表示土壤热通量时,SACOL站地表能量闭合率为75.7%.采用温度积分法,将HFP01SC的直接测量结果校正到地表(Gs)后,地表能量闭合率可以达到81.8%;0~5cm土壤层的热量储存对能量平衡的贡献为6.1%.模型计算得土壤热通量(Gm)与Gs之间的线性回归斜率为0.973(显著性水平为0.1‰).(H+LE)与(Rn-Gm)进行线性回归,得到地表能量闭合率为81.7%.表明模型与温度积分法计算计算土壤热通量非常接近,但通过参数化方法计算时仅需要知道Rn即可. | 岳平 张强 赵文 成华 李宏宇 王若安 张建忠 | 2012 | 冰川冻土2012，34，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Effects of the Soil Heat Flux Estimates on Surface Energy Balance Closure over a Semi-Arid Grassland显示文摘Soil heat flux is important for surface energy balance (SEB),and inaccurate estimation of soil heat flux often leads to surface energy imbalance.In this paper,by using observations of surface radiation fluxes and soil temperature gradients at a semi-arid grassland in Xilingguole,Inner Mongolia,China from June to September 2008,the characters of the SEB for the semi-arid grassland were analyzed.Firstly,monthly averaged diurnal variations of SEB components were revealed.A 30-min forward phase displacement of soil heat flux (G) observed by a fluxplate at the depth of 5-cm below the soil surface was conducted and its effect on the SEB was studied.Secondly,the surface soil heat flux (Gs) was computed by using harmonic analysis and the effect of the soil heat storage between the surface and the fluxplate on the SEB was examined.The results show that with the 30-min forward phase displacement of observed G,the slope of the ordinary linear regression (OLR) of turbulent fluxes (H+LE) against available energy (Rn-G) increased from 0.835 to 0.842,i.e.,the closure ratio of SEB increased by 0.7%,yet energy imclosure of 15.8% still existed in the SEB.When G s,instead of G was used in the SEB equation,the slope of corresponding OLR of (H+LE) against (Rn-Gs) reached 0.979,thereby the imclosure ratio of SEB was reduced to only 2.1%. | 岳平 张强 牛生杰 成华 王西育 | 2011 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2011，25，6： | 6 |
| 7 | Turbulence Intensity and Turbulent Kinetic Energy Parameters over a Heterogeneous Terrain of Loess Plateau显示文摘A deep understanding of turbulence structure is important for investigating the characteristics of the atmospheric boundary layer,especially over heterogeneous terrain.In the present study,turbulence intensity and turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)parameters are analyzed for different conditions with respect to stability,wind direction and wind speed over a valley region of the Loess Plateau of China during December 2003 and January 2004.The purpose of the study is to examine whether the observed turbulence intensity and TKE parameters satisfy Monin–Obukhov similarity theory(MOST),and analyze the wind shear effect on,and thermal buoyancy function of,the TKE,despite the terrain heterogeneity.The results demonstrate that the normalized intensity of turbulence follows MOST for all stability in the horizontal and vertical directions,as well as the normalized TKE in the horizontal direction.The shear effect of the wind speed in the Loess Plateau region is strong in winter and could enhance turbulence for all stability conditions.During daytime,the buoyancy and shear effect together constitute the generation of TKE under unstable conditions.At night,the contribution of buoyancy to TKE is relatively small,and mechanical shearing is the main production form of turbulence. | YUE Ping ZHANG Qiang WANG Runyuan LI Yaohui WANG Sheng | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，9： | 5 |
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