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| 1 | Progress in carbon dioxide separation and capture: A review显示文摘这篇文章考察在 CO2 分离和俘获研究和工程取得的进步。各种各样的技术例如吸收,吸附,和膜分离,彻底地被讨论。象化学循环的燃烧和基于水合物的分离那样的新概念也简短被介绍。未来方向被建议。隐遁方法海洋授精和矿物质碳酸饱和技术例如造林,也被盖住。地下的注射和直接海洋垃圾场没被盖住。 | Hongqun Yang Zhenghe Xu Maohong Fan Rajender Gupta Rachid B Slimane Alan E Bland Ian Wright | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008,20,1: | 89 |
| 2 | 儿童功能性胃肠病罗马Ⅳ标准显示文摘罗马标准是目前关于功能性胃肠病( FGID)分类最全面且不断更新的标准。罗马Ⅰ、Ⅱ标准分别于1994年、1999年发布。罗马Ⅱ标准开始单列儿童FGID分类。2006年,根据年龄不同,婴幼儿(0-36个月)和儿童(〉36个月) FGID的罗马Ⅲ诊断标准发布,但相关的流行病学、病理生理学、诊断检查、治疗策略以及预后等资料都很少。 | Marc A. Benninga Samuel Nurko Christophe Faure Paul E. Hyman Ian St. James Roberts Neil L. Schechter Jeffrey S. Hyams Carlo Di Lorenzo Miguel Saps Robert J. Shulman Annamaria Staiano Miranda van Tilburg | 2017 | 中华儿科杂志2017,55,1: | 108 |
| 3 | Globus Toolkit Version 4: Software for Service-Oriented Systems显示文摘自从 1990 年代末, Globus 工具箱(GT ) 被开发了支持面向服务的分布式计算应用程序和基础结构的发展。核心 GTcomponents 地址在一个普通框架以内,基础关于安全发出,资源存取,资源管理,数据运动,资源发现等等。这些部件启用“造在上的工具和部件的一个更宽广的 Globus 生态系统”,或互操作与,提供大量有用申请级的功能的 GTfunctionality。这些工具接着被用来开发大量两个基础结构和分布式的 applications.I 这里总结的“格子”最近的网基于服务的 GT4 版本的主要特征,以坚韧性在先前发行上提供重要改进,性能,可用性,文档,标准依从,并且功能。我也介绍新“ dev.globus ”社区开发过程,它允许一个更大的社区贡献 Globus 的发展软件。 | Ian Foster | 2006 | Journal of Computer Science & Technology2006,21,4: | 44 |
| 4 | 气候变化对中国水资源影响的适应性评估与管理框架显示文摘通过论述气候变化对中国水资源影响的适应性评估与管理框架,提出一个气候变化影响决策评估工具,它包括:未来气候变化对中国水资源潜在影响的定性描述分析、半定量与定量分析以及适应性对策评估。由于不同气候区域所面临的水资源问题不同,选择中国4个典型案例区域,并确定不同的目标进行气候变化适应性管理综合研究,提出了甄别气候变化影响和适应性管理的新的思路、框架与方法论。该项研究为应对未来气候变化影响的水资源规划与风险管理提供了途径与方法。 | 夏军 Thomas Tanner 任国玉 程晓陶 王金霞 王忠静 严茂超 刘晓洁 Ian Holman | 2008 | 气候变化研究进展2008,4,4: | 42 |
| 5 | 稠油开采技术现状与发展方向初步探讨显示文摘世界上已发现的原油资源中,稠油储量占比超过2/3。由于稠油黏度高、流动性差,开采难度大,对技术要求高。针对中国稠油油藏类型多和深度变化大的特点,分析总结了国内外稠油开采现状和提高开采效率的主要技术方向,结合现场生产动态,探讨了现有商业化开采技术对不同类型稠油油藏的适应性、应用潜力和面临的主要技术挑战。研究结果表明,蒸汽吞吐仍然是中国稠油开采的主要方式,但大部分油田已经进入到蒸汽吞吐开采的末期,开采效率低,目前成熟接替技术(蒸汽驱、SAGD和火烧油层)的适用油藏范围有限,急需研发新的接替技术;中深层稠油开发技术系列较为成熟,但针对深层、超深层和复杂类型(如裂缝/溶洞性)稠油油藏的提高采收率技术尚不成熟,加强井下产生蒸汽、溶剂辅助、原位改质和气化等前沿技术的研究更具现实意义和应用前景。研究成果对拓展稠油开采技术研究领域和方向具有借鉴和指导作用。 | 蒋琪 游红娟 潘竟军 王中元 盖平原 Ian Gates 刘佳丽 | 2020 | 特种油气藏2020,27,6: | 43 |
| 6 | 富钾碱性岩体形成演化对铜矿成矿制约——以马厂箐铜矿为例显示文摘马厂箐赋铜斑岩体主要由早期角闪正长岩及晚期花岗斑岩组成,早期角闪正长岩锆石U-Th-Pb年龄(35.6±0.3)Ma,晚期花岗斑岩锆石U-Th-Pb年龄(35.0±0.2)Ma,岩浆活动期限0.6 Ma;早期角闪正长岩氧逸度低,锆石Ce4+/Ce3+平均102,晚期花岗斑岩氧逸度高,锆石Ce4+/Ce3+平均264.马厂箐赋铜斑岩体由早到晚氧化性增强表明和铜矿化有关氧化性岩浆不是直接来自强氧化性地慢源区。而是在形成上升过程中和顶部富水及斜长石氧化性盖层反应,形成富水氧化性岩浆.富水氧化性岩浆结晶分异出的富铜成矿流体有利于斑岩型铜矿床形成. | 梁华英 谢应雯 张玉泉 Ian Campbell | 2004 | 自然科学进展2004,14,1: | 48 |
| 7 | Hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis: A case-based review显示文摘Hypertriglyceridemia is an established cause of pancreatitis. In a case-based approach, we present a review of hypertriglyceridemia and how it can cause pancreatitis. We outline how to investigate and manage such patients. A 35 year old man presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain and biochemical evidence of acute pancreatitis. There was no history of alcohol consumption and biliary imaging was normal. The only relevant past medical history was that of mild hyperlipidemia, treated with diet alone. Physical exam revealed epigastric tenderness, right lateral rectus palsy, lipemia retinalis, bitemporal hemianopsia and a delay in the relaxation phase of his ankle reflexes. Subsequent laboratory investigation revealed marked hypertriglyceridemia and panhypopituarism. An enhanced CT scan of the head revealed a large suprasellar mass impinging on the optic chiasm and hypothalamus. The patient was treated supportively; thyroid replacement and lipid lowering agents were started. He underwent a successful resection of a craniopharyngioma. Post- operatively, the patient did well on hormone replacement therapy. He has had no further attacks of pancreatitis. This case highlights many of the factors involved in the regulation of triglyceride metabolism. We review the common causes of hypertriglyceridemia and the proposed mechanisms resulting in pancreatitis. The incidence and management of hypertriglyceridemia- induced pancreatitis are also discussed. | S Ian Gan Alun L Edwards Christopher J Symonds Paul L Beck | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,44: | 35 |
| 8 | Autoimmune liver serology:Current diagnostic and clinical challenges显示文摘Liver-related autoantibodies are crucial for the correct diagnosis and classification of autoimmune liver diseas-es(AiLD),namely autoimmune hepatitis types 1 and 2(AIH-1 and 2),primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC),and the sclerosing cholangitis variants in adults and children.AIH-1 is specified by anti-nuclear antibody(ANA) and smooth muscle antibody(SMA).AIH-2 is specified by antibody to liver kidney microsomal antigen type-1(anti-LKM1) and anti-liver cytosol type 1(anti-LC1).SMA,ANA and anti-LKM antibodies can be present in de-novo AIH following liver transplantation.PBC is specified by antimitochondrial antibodies(AMA) react-ing with enzymes of the 2-oxo-acid dehydrogenase complexes(chiefly pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit) and disease-specific ANA mainly react-ing with nuclear pore gp210 and nuclear body sp100.Sclerosing cholangitis presents as at least two variants,first the classical primary sclerosing cholangitis(PSC) mostly affecting adult men wherein the only(and non-specific) reactivity is an atypical perinuclear antineutro-phil cytoplasmic antibody(p-ANCA),also termed peri-nuclear anti-neutrophil nuclear antibodies(p-ANNA) and second the childhood disease called autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis(ASC) with serological features resembling those of type 1 AIH.Liver diagnostic serol-ogy is a fast-expanding area of investigation as new purified and recombinant autoantigens,and automatedtechnologies such as ELISAs and bead assays,become available to complement(or even compete with) tradi-tional immunofluorescence procedures.We survey for the first time global trends in quality assurance impact-ing as it does on(1) manufacturers/purveyors of kits and reagents,(2) diagnostic service laboratories that fulfill clinicians' requirements,and(3) the end-user,the physician providing patient care,who must properly interpret test results in the overall clinical context. | Dimitrios P Bogdanos Diego Vergani Pietro Invernizzi Ian R Mackay | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008,14,21: | 40 |
| 9 | 新疆B型烟粉虱对不同类型杀虫剂的抗性与分析显示文摘应用浸叶法研究了新疆B型烟粉虱对4类不同作用机制杀虫剂的抗药性。结果表明,被测种群对氯氰菊酯和联苯菊酯的抗性指数分别为2100~6200和1000~2200,属于高抗性;对氯化烟酰类杀虫剂产生了低至中等抗性,对吡虫啉的抗性指数为4~86,且抗性指数呈上升趋势,对噻虫嗪的抗性指数为10~22,对啶虫脒的敏感性最佳;对昆虫生长调节剂吡丙醚的抗性指数为22~54;对阿维菌素仍然表现敏感。由此认为,拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂在新疆已不再适用于烟粉虱的防治,而对受抗药性影响较小的氯化烟酰类杀虫剂(如吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒)、昆虫生长调节剂吡丙醚以及阿维菌素等新型杀虫剂,仍然可以限制性地在不同化合物间交替使用。 | 马德英 Ian Denholm Kevin Gorman 罗万春 | 2007 | 植物保护学报2007,34,3: | 31 |
| 10 | Bone Regeneration Based on Tissue Engineering Conceptions – A 21st Century Perspective显示文摘The role of Bone Tissue Engineering in the field of Regenerative Medicine has been the topic of substantial research over the past two decades.Technological advances have improved orthopaedic implants and surgical techniques for bone reconstruction.However,improvements in surgical techniques to reconstruct bone have been limited by the paucity of autologous materials available and donor site morbidity.Recent advances in the development of biomaterials have provided attractive alternatives to bone grafting expanding the surgical options for restoring the form and function of injured bone.Specifically,novel bioactive(second generation)biomaterials have been developed that are characterised by controlled action and reaction to the host tissue environment,whilst exhibiting controlled chemical breakdown and resorption with an ultimate replacement by regenerating tissue.Future generations of biomaterials(third generation)are designed to be not only osteoconductive but also osteoinductive,i.e.to stimulate regeneration of host tissues by combining tissue engineering and in situ tissue regeneration methods with a focus on novel applications.These techniques will lead to novel possibilities for tissue regeneration and repair.At present,tissue engineered constructs that may find future use as bone grafts for complex skeletal defects,whether from post-traumatic,degenerative,neoplastic or congenital/developmental'origin'require osseous reconstruction to ensure structural and functional integrity.Engineering functional bone using combinations of cells,scaffolds and bioactive factors is a promising strategy and a particular feature for future development in the area of hybrid materials which are able to exhibit suitable biomimetic and mechanical properties.This review will discuss the state of the art in this field and what we can expect from future generations of bone regeneration concepts. | Jan Henkel Maria A.Woodruff Devakara R.Epari Roland Steck Vaida Glatt Ian C.Dickinson Peter F.M.Choong Michael A.Schuetz Dietmar W.Hutmacher | 2013 | Bone Research2013,1,3: | 33 |
| 11 | 缺血性卒中的一级预防——美国心脏协会/美国卒中协会卒中委员会指南 动脉粥样硬化性周围血管病跨学科工作组、心血管护理委员会、临床心脏病学委员会、营养、体力活动和代谢委员会以及医疗质量和转归研究跨学科工作组共同倡导显示文摘背景和目的本指南提供有关各种确定和潜在的卒中危险因素证据的概述,并提供降低卒中风险的推荐。方法写作组成员由委员会主席根据每位作者先前在相关课题领域中的工作提名,并经美国心脏协会(AHA)卒中委员会科学声明监督委员会批准。写作组采用系统文献回顾(涵盖时间段为2001年最后一次回顾发表到2005年1月),参考先前已发表的指南、个人文件和专家意见来概括现有的证据,指明现有知识的差距;如果合适,则根据标准的AHA标准做出简明的推荐。写作组全体成员在撰写过程中均有很多机会对推荐进行评论并认可这份声明的最终版本。在AHA科学咨询与协调委员会批准之前,本指南已进行过广泛的同行评议。结果对评价个体首次卒中风险的流程图进行评估。根据干预的可能性(不可干预、可干预或潜在可干预)和证据的强度(证据充分或证据不太充分),对首次卒中的危险因素或风险标记物进行分类。不可干预的危险因素包括年龄、性别、出生体重低、人种/种族和遗传因素。证据充分的可干预危险因素包括高血压、主动或被动吸烟、糖尿病、心房颤动和某些其他心脏病、血脂异常、颈动脉狭窄、镰状细胞病、绝经后激素治疗、不良饮食习惯、缺乏体力活动、肥胖和体脂分布。证据不太充分或潜在的可干预危险因素包括代谢综合征、酗酒、药物滥用、口服避孕药、睡眠呼吸障碍、偏头痛、高同型半胱氨酸血症、脂蛋白(a)升高、脂蛋白相关的磷脂酶升高、高凝状态、炎症和感染。对应用阿司匹林进行卒中一级预防的资料进行回顾。结论有大量证据可以用于确定增加首次卒中风险的各种特殊因素和提供降低这种风险的策略。 | Larry B. Goldstein Robert Adams Mark J. Alberts Lawrence J. Appel Lawrence M. Brass Cheryl D. Bushnell Antonio Culebras Thomas J. DeGraba Philip B. Gorelick John R. Guyton Robert G. Hart George Howard Margaret Kelly-Hayes J.V. (Ian) Nixon Ralph L. Sacco 苏克江 高宗恩 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006,14,8: | 28 |
| 12 | Crystal structure of the YTH domain of YTHDF2 reveals mechanism for recognition of N6-methyladenosine显示文摘 | Tingting Zhu Ian A Roundtree Ping Wang Xiao Wang Li Wang Chang Sun Yuan Tian Jie Li Chuan He Yanhui Xu | 2014 | Cell Research2014,24,12: | 28 |
| 13 | Global leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and their scaling exponent显示文摘Leaf nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations constrain photosynthetic and metabolic processes,growth and the productivity of plants. Their stoichiometry and scaling relationships regulate the allocation of N and P from subcellular to organism, and even ecosystem levels, and are crucial to the modelling of plant growth and nutrient cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Prior work has revealed a general biogeographic pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships and shown that leaf N scales roughly as two-thirds the power of P. However, determining whether and how leaf N and P stoichiometries, especially their scaling exponents, change with functional groups and environmental conditions requires further verification. In this study, we compiled a global data set and documented the global leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratios by functional group, climate zone and continent. The global overall mean leaf N and P concentrations were 18.9 mg g^(-1) and 1.2 mg g^(-1), respectively, with significantly higher concentrations in herbaceous than woody plants(21.72 mg g^(-1) vs. 18.22 mg g^(-1) for N; and 1.64 mg g^(-1) vs. 1.10 mg g^(-1) for P). Both leaf N and P showed higher concentrations at high latitudes than low latitudes. Among six continents, Europe had the highest N and P concentrations(20.79 and 1.54 mg g^(-1)) and Oceania had the smallest values(10.01 and 0.46 mg g^(-1)). These numerical values may be used as a basis for the comparison of other individual studies. Further, we found that the scaling exponent varied significantly across different functional groups,latitudinal zones, ecoregions and sites. The exponents of herbaceous and woody plants were 0.659 and0.705, respectively, with significant latitudinal patterns decreasing from tropical to temperate to boreal zones. At sites with a sample size ≥10, the values fluctuated from 0.366 to 1.928, with an average of 0.841.Several factors including the intrinsic attributes of different life forms, P-related growth rates and relative nutrient availability of soils likely account for the inconstant exponents of leaf N vs. P scaling relationships. | Di Tian Zhengbing Yan Karl J.Niklas Wenxuan Han Jens Kattge Peter B.Reich Yongkai Luo Yahan Chen Zhiyao Tang Huifeng Hu Ian J.Wright Bernhard Schmid Jingyun Fang | 2018 | National Science Review2018,5,5: | 24 |
| 14 | 华南上扬子区晚奥陶世赫南特贝动物群的时空演变显示文摘赫南特贝动物群是奥陶纪末大灭绝事件第一幕发生之后,在全世界中、低纬度地区正常浅海底域广泛兴起的一个典型的凉水腕足动物群,已知在全世界除澳洲以外的各大洲数十个国家和地区见诸报道.华南上扬子区是赫南特贝动物群最为发育、分布最广泛、地质延限最长、生态分异最复杂的地区.定性与定量分析显示,赫南特贝动物群在扬子区从近岸至远岸的一系列产地,首现层位逐渐升高,动物群延续时限越来越短,而多样性却越来越高.纵向考察表明,近岸产地的赫南特贝动物群多样性由高向低演变,而远岸较深水产地的多样性演变则由低而高.随地点和层位而发生的环境因子变化(如水深、底质等),赫南特贝动物群应对以不同的群落、亚群落或群集. | 詹仁斌 刘建波 Ian G.PERCIVAL 靳吉锁 李贵鹏 | 2010 | 中国科学:地球科学2010,40,9: | 23 |
| 15 | An overview of PCI in the very elderly显示文摘心血管的疾病,和特别地 ischemic 心疾病(IHD ) ,是病态和死亡的一个主要原因在老(>80 年) 世界范围。这些病人代表为经皮的冠的干预(一种总线标准) 介绍的一个很快成长的队,现在在五个病人组成超过一在真实世界的实践与一种总线标准对待。而且,他们经常比他们的更年轻的对应物有更大的 ischemic 负担,建议他们有从冠的 revascularization 治疗的利益的更大的范围。尽管有这,老在那里在临床的 revascularization 试用并且历史上经常是未被充分代表的是在为一种总线标准过程提交他们的医生勉强的度与令人失望的结果的感觉,低成功和高复杂并发症评价。几个问题贡献了这,包括为有晚介绍的 IHD 的更老的病人的趋势,与不正常的症状或关于他们的程序的 risk-to-benefit 比率的非诊断的 ECG,和保留由于更短的预期寿命,从 antiplatelet 和 anticoagulation 药的 comorbidities 和增加的流血风险的存在。然而,在在过去的十年的一种总线标准技术和技术的进展导致了更好的结果和复杂并发症和存在身体的更低的风险证据现在显示那老实际上比更年轻的人口从一种总线标准导出更相对的利益。重要地,这适用于所有一种总线标准背景:选任,迫切并且紧急情况。这评论在与长期的稳定的 IHD 的老介绍讨论一种总线标准的角色,非圣举起急性冠的症候群,和圣举起心肌的梗塞。当认为在为研究和开发的这个队和进行中的需要的一种总线标准进一步在这些挑战性的病人改进结果时,它也探讨遇见的临床的挑战。 | Vimalraj Bogana Shanmugam Richard Harper Ian Meredith Yuvaraj Malaiapan Peter J Psaltis | 2015 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2015,12,2: | 22 |
| 16 | Towards 10 Gb/s orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based visible light communication using a GaN violet micro-LED显示文摘Visible light communication(VLC)is a promising solution to the increasing demands for wireless connectivity.Gallium nitride micro-sized light emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)are strong candidates for VLC due to their high bandwidths.Segmented violet micro-LEDs are reported in this work with electrical-to-optical bandwidths up to 655 MHz.An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based VLC system with adaptive bit and energy loading is demonstrated,and a data transmission rate of 11.95 Gb/s is achieved with a violet micro-LED,when the nonlinear distortion of the micro-LED is the dominant noise source of the VLC system.A record 7.91 Gb/s data transmission rate is reported below the forward error correction threshold using a single pixel of the segmented array when all the noise sources of the VLC system are present. | MOHAMED SUFYAN ISLIM RICARDO X.FERREIRA XIANGYU HE ENYUAN XIE STEFAN VIDEV SHAUN VIOLA SCOTT WATSON NIKOLAOS BAMIEDAKIS RICHARD V.PENTY IAN H.WHITE ANTHONY E.KELLY ERDAN GU HARALD HAAS MARTIN D.DAWSON | 2017 | Photonics Research2017,5,2: | 23 |
| 17 | Colorectal cancer with liver metastases:Neoadjuvant chemotherapy,surgical resection first or palliation alone?显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the commonest cancers with 1.2 million new cases diagnosed each year in the world.It remains the fourth most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the world and accounts for > 600000 cancer-related deaths each year.There have been significant advances in treatment of metastatic CRC in last decade or so,due to availability of new active targeted agents and more aggressive approach towards the management of CRC,particularly with liver-only-metastases;however,these drugs work best when combined with conventional chemotherapy agents.Despite these advances,there is a lack of biomarkers to inform us about the accurate management of the patients with metastatic CRC.It is therefore imperative to carefully select the patients with comprehensive multi-disciplinary team input in order to optimise the management of these patients.In this review we will discuss various treatment options available in management of colorectal liver metastases with potential guidance on how and when to choose these options along with consideration on future directions in management of this disease. | Khurum Khan Anita Wale Gina Brown Ian Chau | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014,20,35: | 22 |
| 18 | 国际贸易和自然资源“诅咒”:中国的增长威胁到东南亚地区的发展了吗?显示文摘随着中国经济的迅猛发展和快速融入全球市场,东南亚资源丰裕国家正在不断丧失其在劳动密集型制造业上的比较优势,同时其资源开发变得更为有利可图。对这些东南亚国家,尤其是一些最为贫穷同时却又正处于减少中央对资源控制管理的分权过程中的国家而言,这一趋势如何影响长期增长和福利?正如“自然资源诅咒”所预言一样,快速的资源采伐和减速的工业发展可能会使这些国家进入慢速经济增长时期。 | Ian Coxhead | 2006 | 经济学(季刊)2006,5,2: | 21 |
| 19 | 南极冰盖最高点满足钻取最古老冰芯的必要条件:Dome A最新实测结果显示文摘在极地冰盖,“低温、低积累率”是获取古老冰芯的必要条件之一.通过南极冰盖最高点Dome A(冰穹A)自动气象站连续记录的2005年和2006年10m深度雪温数据,得到Dome A的多年平均气温约为-58.3℃,较东南极冰盖分冰岭的其他冰穹如Dome C,Dome F,Dome B以及Vostok均低。是迄今地球上实测最低年平均温度;从雪冰气温代用指标δ^18O和δD测值看,Dome A在上述地点中亦最低.自动气象站记录的雪面高度数据表明2005—2006年间Dome A年积累率约0.01-0.02m水当量,是迄今在东南极冰岭测得的最小积累率.Dome A低温、低积累率特点是寻找年代超过1Ma冰芯的必要条件. | 效存德 李院生 侯书贵 Ian Allison 卞林根 任贾文 | 2007 | 科学通报2007,52,20: | 21 |
| 20 | 地磁感应电流(GIC)的作用与评估显示文摘地磁感应电流(GIC)可能对各种人工长距离导电体造成影响与危害.地磁扰动产生的感应电场的强度与地磁场强度、地下电阻率结构相关,在导电系统内生成的GIC的强度则同时与导电系统的内在结构有关.计算了加拿大Manitoba省三个典型地区在2000年7月15日的一个强烈磁暴期间产生的感应电场.通过对地磁活动性的统计分析,估计加拿大魁北克电网可能经受的最大GIC达每相78A(一年一次)和234A(每十年一次). | 马晓冰 Ian J.Ferguson 孔祥儒 Xianghong Wu 闫永利 | 2005 | 地球物理学报2005,48,6: | 20 |