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| 1 | Validation of the Rockall scoring system for outcomes from non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding in a Canadian setting显示文摘AIM: To validate the Rockall scoring system for predicting outcomes of rebleeding, and the need for a surgical procedure and death. METHODS: We used data extracted from the Registry of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding and Endoscopy including information of 1869 patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding treated in Canadian hospitals. Risk scores were calculated and used to classify patients based on outcomes. For each outcome, we used χ2 goodness-of-fit tests to assess the degree of calibration, and built receiver operating characteristic curves and calculated the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate the discriminative ability of the scoring system. RESULTS: For rebleeding, the χ2 goodness-of-fit test indicated an acceptable fit for the model [χ2 (8) = 12.83, P = 0.12]. For surgical procedures [χ2 (8) = 5.3, P = 0.73] and death [χ2 (8) = 3.78, P = 0.88], the tests showed solid correspondence between observed proportions and predicted probabilities. The AUC was 0.59 (95% CI: 0.55-0.62) for the outcome of rebleeding and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.54-0.67) for surgical procedures, representing apoor discriminative ability of the scoring system. For the outcome of death, the AUC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.69-0.78), indicating an acceptable discriminative ability. CONCLUSION: The Rockall scoring system provides an acceptable tool to predict death, but performs poorly for endpoints of rebleeding and surgical procedures. | Robert A Enns Yves M Gagnon Alan N Barkun David Armstrong Jamie C Gregor Richard N Fedorak RUGBE Investigators Group | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，48： | 14 |
| 2 | Effect of longer battery life on small bowel capsule endoscopy显示文摘AIM:To determine if longer battery life improves capsule endoscopy(CE) completion rates.METHODS:A retrospective study was performed at a tertiary,university-affiliated hospital in Vancouver,Canada.Patients who underwent CE with either PillCamTM SB2 or SB2 U between 01/2010 and 12/2013 were considered for inclusion.SB2 and SB2 U share identical physical dimensions but differ in their battery lives(8 h vs 12 h).Exclusion criteria included history of gastric or small bowel surgery,endoscopic placement of CE,interrupted view of major landmarks due to technical difficulty or significant amount of debris,and repeat CE using same system.Basic demographics,comorbidities,medications,baseline bowel habits,and previous surgeries were reviewed.Timing of major landmarks in CE were recorded,and used to calculate gastric transit time,small bowel transit time,and total recording time.A complete CE study was defined as visualization of cecum.Transit times and completion rates were compared.RESULTS:Four hundred and eight patients,including 208(51.0%) males,were included for analysis.The mean age was 55.5 ± 19.3 years.The most common indication for CE was gastrointestinal bleeding(n =254,62.3%),followed by inflammatory bowel disease(n =86,21.1%).There was no difference in gastric transit times(group difference 0.90,95%CI:0.72-1.13,P =0.352) and small bowel transit times(group difference 1.07,95%CI:0.95-1.19,P =0.261) between SB2 U and SB2,but total recording time was about 14% longer in the SB2 U group(95%CI:10%-18%,P < 0.001) and there was a corresponding trend toward higher completion rate(88.2% vs 93.2%,OR =1.78,95%CI 0.88-3.63,P =0.111).There was no statistically significant difference in the rates of positive findings(OR =0.98,95%CI:0.64-1.51,P =0.918).CONCLUSION:Extending the operating time of CE may be a simple method to improve completion rate although it does not affect the rate of positive findings. | George Ou Neal Shahidi Cherry Galorport Oliver Takach Terry Lee Robert Enns | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，9： | 13 |
| 3 | Factors associated with incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy studies显示文摘AIM:To identify patient risk factors associated with incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy(CE) studies.METHODS:Data from all CE procedures performed at St.Paul's Hospital in Vancouver,British Columbia,Canada,between December 2001 and June 2008 were collected and analyzed on a retrospective basis.Data collection for complete and incomplete CE study groups included patient demographics as well as a number of potential risk factors for incomplete CE including indication for the procedure,hospitalization,diabetes mellitus with or without end organ damage,limitations in mobility,renal insufficiency,past history of bowel obstruction,abdominal surgery,abdominal radiation therapy and opiate use.Risk factors were analyzed using a univariable and multivariable logistic regression model.RESULTS:From a total of 535 CE procedures performed,158 were incomplete(29.5%).The univariable analysis showed that CE procedures performed for overt gastrointestinal bleeding(P = 0.002),and for patients with a prior history of abdominal surgery(P = 0.023) or bowel obstruction(P = 0.023) were significantly associated with incomplete CE studies.Patients on opiate medications(P = 0.094) as well as hospitalized patients(P = 0.054) were not statistically significant,but did show a trend towards incomplete CE.The multivariable analysis showed that independent risk factors for an incomplete CE procedure include prior history of bowel obstruction [odds ratios(OR) 2.77,P = 0.02,95% confidence intervals(CI):1.17-6.56] and procedures performed for gastrointestinal bleeding(Occult OR 2.04,P = 0.037,95% CI:1.04-4.02 and Overt OR 2.69,P = 0.002,95% CI:1.44-5.05).Patients with a prior history of abdominal surgery(OR 1.46,P = 0.068,95% CI:0.97-2.19),those taking opiate medications(OR 1.54,P = 0.15,95% CI:0.86-2.76) and hospitalized patients(OR 1.82,P = 0.124,95% CI:0.85-3.93) showed a trend towards statistical significance.CONCLUSION:We have identified a number of risk factors for incomplete CE procedures that can be used to risk-stratify patients and guide interventions to improve completion rates. | Mitchell M Lee Andrew Jacques Eric Lam Ricky Kwok Pardis Lakzadeh Ajit Sandhar Brandon Segal Sigrid Svarta Joanna Law Robert Enns | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，42： | 10 |
| 4 | Biliary brush cytology:Factors associated with positive yields on biliary brush cytology显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the yield of brushing biliary strictures and the factors associated with a positive result in biliary strictures. METHODS: Data on all consecutive patients (01/02 -10/05) who were identified to have a biliary stricture and who underwent biliary brush cytology were collected. The yield of positive biliary brush cytology was evaluated and compared to results with the gold standard for diagnosis (defi ned as either defi nitive surgical histology or clinical course). Additionally,associated factors of positive results including stricture location,gender,age,mass size,length of stricture,and dilatation prior to brushing cytology were assessed. RESULTS: From 199 patients who had brushing cytology samples (10 patients were excluded due to lack of gold standard diagnosis),77 patients had positive brushing cytology (yield 41%). Variables associated with positive cytology brushing on initial endoscopic retrograde cholangiography were age 1.02 (1.00-1.05),mass size > 1 cm 2.22 (1.01-4.89) and length of stricture > 1 cm 3.49 (1.18-10.2). The sensitivity of biliary brushing was 61%,its specifi city 98%,the positive predictive value reached 99%,and the negative predictive value was 57%. CONCLUSION: Our results revealed a 41% positive yield from brushing cytology. The sensitivity of biliary brushing cytology in our center was 61% and the specif icity was 98%. Predictors of positive yield include older age,mass size > 1 cm,and stricture length of > 1 cm. | Nasim Mahmoudi Robert Enns Jack Amar Jaber AlAli Eric Lam Jennifer Telford | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，4： | 10 |
| 5 | <ce:link locator='fx1'/> Adalimumab for Maintenance of Clinical Response and Remission in Patients With Crohn’s Disease: The CHARM Trial显示文摘 | Jean–Frédéric Colombel William J. Sandborn Paul Rutgeerts Robert Enns Stephen B. Hanauer Remo Panaccione Stefan Schreiber Dan Byczkowski Ju Li Jeffrey D. Kent Paul F. Pollack | 2007 | Gastroenterology2007，，1： | 4 |
| 6 | Does training and experience influence the accuracy of computed tomography colonography interpretation?显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the effect of experience on the accuracy rate of computed tomography colonography(CTC) interpretation and patient preferences/satisfaction for CTC and colonoscopy. METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, observational study performed in a single, tertiary care center involving 90 adults who underwent CTC followed by colonoscopy on the same day. CTC was interpreted by an abdominal imaging radiologist and then a colonoscopy was performed utilizing segmental un-blinding and re-examination as required. A radiology resident and two gastroenterology(GI) fellows blinded to the results also interpreted the CTC datasets independently. Accuracy rates and trend changes were determined for each reader to assess for a learning curve. RESULTS: Among 90 patients(57% male) aged 55 ± 8.9 years, 39 polyps ≥ 6 mm were detected in 20 patients and 13 polyps > 9 mm in 10 patients. Accuracy rates were 88.9%(≥ 6 mm) and 93.3%(> 9 mm) for the GI Radiologist, 89.8%(≥ 6 mm) and 98.9%(> 9 mm) for the Radiology Resident and 86.7% and 95.6%(≥ 6 mm) and 87.8% and 94.4%(> 9 mm) for each of the GI fellows respectively. The reader's accuracy rate did not change significantly with the percentage change rate ranging between-1.7 to 0.9(P = 0.12 to 0.56). Patients considered colonoscopy more satisfactory than CTC(30% vs 4%, P < 0.0001), they felt less anxiety during colonoscopy(36% vs 7%, P < 0.0001), they experienced less pain or discomfort during colonoscopy compared to CTC(69% vs 4%, P < 0.0001) and colonoscopy was preferred by 77% of the participants as a repeat screening test for the future. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant learning curve was identified in CTC interpretation suggesting that further study is required to identify the necessary training to adequately interpret CTC scans. | Greg Rosenfeld Yi Tzu Nancy Fu Brendan Quiney Hong Qian Darin Krygier Jacquie Brown Patrick Vos Pari Tiwari Jennifer Telford Brian Bressler Robert Enns | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，6： | 2 |
| 7 | FOCUS: Future of fecal calprotectin utility study in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘AIM To evaluate the perspective of gastroenterologists regarding the impact of fecal calprotectin(FC) on the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS Patients with known IBD or symptoms suggestive of IBD for whom the physician identified that FC would be clinically useful were recruited. Physicians completed an online 'pre survey' outlining their rationale for the test. After receipt of the test results, the physicians completed an online 'post survey' to portray their perceived impact of the test result on patient management. Clinical outcomes for a subset of patients with follow-up data available beyond the completion of the 'post survey' were collected and analyzed.RESULTS Of 373 test kits distributed, 290 were returned, resulting in 279 fully completed surveys. One hundred and ninety patients were known to have IBD; 147(77%) with Crohn's Disease, 43(21%) Ulcerative Colitis and 5(2%) IBD unclassified. Indications for FC testing included: 90(32.2%) to differentiate a new diagnosis of IBD from Irritable Bowel Syndrome(IBS), 85(30.5%) to distinguish symptoms of IBS from IBD in those known to have IBD and 104(37.2%) as an objective measure of inflammation. FC levels resulted in a change in management 51.3%(143/279) of the time which included a significant reduction in the number of colonoscopies(118) performed(P < 0.001). Overall, 97.5%(272/279) of the time, the physicians found the test sufficiently useful that they would order it again in similar situations. Follow-up data was available for 172 patients with further support for the clinical utility of FC provided.CONCLUSION The FC test effected a change in management 51.3% of the time and receipt of the result was associated with a reduction in the number of colonoscopies performed. | Greg Rosenfeld Astrid-Jane Greenup Andrew Round Oliver Takach Lawrence Halparin Abid Saadeddin Jin Kee Ho Terry Lee Robert Enns Brian Bressler | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，36： | 2 |
| 8 | Deficiency of the complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain but improved adenylate control over succinate-dependent respiration are human gastric cancer-specific phenomena显示文摘 | Marju Puurand Nade?da Peet Andres Piirsoo Margot Peetsalu Jaan Soplepmann Meeli Sirotkina Ants Peetsalu Akseli Hemminki Enn Seppet | 2012 | Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry2012，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | ERCP-Related Perforations: Risk Factors and Management显示文摘 | R. Enns M. Eloubeidi K. Mergener P. Jowell M. Branch T. Pappas J. Baillie | 2002 | Endoscopy2002，，04： | 2 |
| 10 | Two N-methyl-D- aspartate receptors in rat dorsal root ganglia with different strbtmit composition and localization 显示文摘 | Marvizon JC MeRoberts JA Ennes HS | 2002 | J Comp Neurol2002，446，： | 1 |
| 11 | Flight control design using nonlinear inverse dynamics显示文摘 | Lane S A Enns D F Garrard W L | 1988 | Automatica1988，24，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Review article:the teatment of acute biliary pancreaatitis 显示文摘 | Enns R Baillie J | 1999 | Alimeut Pharmacol Ther1999，13，11： | 1 |
| 13 | Nonlinear inversion flight control for a supermaneuverable aircraft显示文摘 | Snell S A Enns D F Garrard W L | 1992 | AIAA Journal of Guidance Control and Dynamics1992，15，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Sulfonamide resistance in Haemophilus influenzae mediated by acquisition of sul2 or a short insertion in chromosomal folP显示文摘 | Enne VI King A Livermore DM | 2002 | Antimicrob Agents Chemother2002，46，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Low-dose radiation hypersensitivity is associated with p53-dependent apoptosis显示文摘 | Enns L Bogen KT Wizniak J | 2004 | Mol Cancer Res2004，2，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Atrophic gastritis: deficient complex I of the respiratory chain in the mitochondria of corpus mucosal cells显示文摘 | Marju Gruno Nadezhda Peet Andres Tein Riina Salupere Meeli Sirotkina Julio Valle Ants Peetsalu Enn K. Seppet | 2008 | Journal of Gastroenterology2008，，10： | 1 |
| 17 | The effects of supply chain integration on customer satisfaction and financial performance : An organizational learning perspective 显示文摘 | YU W T JACOBS M A SALISBURY W D ENNS H | 2013 | International Journal of Production Economies2013，146，1： | 1 |
| 18 | The dynamics of subduction and trench migration for viscosity stratification 显示文摘 | Enns A Becker T W Schmeling H | 2005 | Geophysical Journal International2005，160，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Perceptions of parental bonding and symptom severity in adults with depression:mediation by personality dimensions显示文摘 | Enns MW Cox BJ Larsen DK | 2000 | Can J Psychiatry2000，45，3： | 1 |
| 20 | ERCP-related perforations: risk factors and management显示文摘 | Enns R Eloubeidi MA Mergener K | 2002 | Endoscopy2002，34，4： | 1 |
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