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| 1 | Current and future pharmacological therapies for managing cirrhosis and its complications显示文摘Due to the restrictions of liver transplantation,complication-guided pharmacological therapy has become the mainstay of long-term management of cirrhosis.This article aims to provide a complete overview of pharmacotherapy options that may be commenced in the outpatient setting which are available for managing cirrhosis and its complications,together with discussion of current controversies and potential future directions.PubMed/Medline/Cochrane Library were electronically searched up to December 2018 to identify studies evaluating safety,efficacy and therapeutic mechanisms of pharmacological agents in cirrhotic adults and animal models of cirrhosis.Non-selective betablockers effectively reduce variceal re-bleeding risk in cirrhotic patients with moderate/large varices,but appear ineffective for primary prevention of variceal development and may compromise renal function and haemodynamic stability in advanced decompensation.Recent observational studies suggest protective,haemodynamically-independent effects of beta-blockers relating to reduced bacterial translocation.The gut-selective antibiotic rifaximin is effective for secondary prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy;recent small trials also indicate its potential superiority to norfloxacin for secondary prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.Diuretics remain the mainstay of uncomplicated ascites treatment,and early trials suggest alpha-adrenergic receptor agonists may improve diuretic response in refractory ascites.Vaptans have not demonstrated clinical effectiveness in treating refractory ascites and may cause detrimental complications.Despite initial hepatotoxicity concerns,safety of statin administration has been demonstrated in compensated cirrhosis.Furthermore,statins are suggested to have protective effects upon fibrosis progression,decompensation and mortality.Evidence as to whether proton pump inhibitors cause gut-liver-brain axis dysfunction is conflicting.Emerging evidence indicates that anticoagulation therapy reduces incidence and increases recanalisation rates of non-malignant portal vein thrombosis,and may impede hepatic fibrogenesis and decompensation.Pharmacotherapy for cirrhosis should be implemented in accordance with up-to-date guidelines and in conjunction with aetiology management,nutritional optimisation and patient education. | David Kockerling Rooshi Nathwani Roberta Forlano Pinelopi Manousou Benjamin H Mullish Ameet Dhar | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，8： | 16 |
| 2 | Bmi-1:At the crossroads of physiological and pathological biology显示文摘Bmi-1 is a member of the Polycomb repressor complex 1 that mediates gene silencing by regulating chromatin structure and is indispensable for self-renewal of both normal and cancer stem cells.Despite three decades of research that have elucidated the transcriptional regulation,post-translational modifications and functions of Bmi-1 in regulating the DNA damage response,cellular bioenergetics,and pathologies,the entire potential of a protein with such varied functions remains to be realized.This review attempts to synthesize the current knowledge on Bmi-1 with an emphasis on its role in both normal physiology and cancer.Additionally,since cancer stem cells are emerging as a new paradigm for therapy resistance,the role of Bmi-1 in this perspective is also highlighted.The wide spectrum of malignancies that implicate Bmi-1 as a signature for stemness and oncogenesis also make it a suitable candidate for therapy.Nonetheless,new approaches are vitally needed to further characterize physiological roles of Bmi-1 with the long-term goal of using Bmi-1 as a prognostic marker and a therapeutic target. | Resham Bhattacharya Soumyajit Banerjee Mustafi Mark Street Anindya Dey Shailendra Kumar Dhar Dwivedi | 2015 | Genes & Diseases2015，2，3： | 15 |
| 3 | Gall bladder carcinoma: Aggressive malignancy with protean loco-regional and distant spread显示文摘The most common malignancy of biliary tract is gallbladder cancer(GBC) which is the third most common cancer in gastrointestinal tract. It is a lethal disease for most patients in spite of growing awareness and improved diagnostic techniques. GBC has a verypoor prognosis and the 5 year survival rate is < 10%. Although etiology of the carcinoma of the gallbladder is still obscure, various factors have been implicated, cholelithiasis being the most frequent. The incidence of GBC worldwide is based on the gender, geography and ethnicity which suggest that both genetic and environmental factors can cause GBC. The major route of spread of gallbladder cancer(GC) is locoregional rather than distant. It spreads by lymphatic, vascular, neural, intraperitoneal, and intraductal routes. Sonography is usually the most common imaging test to evaluate symptoms of biliary tract disease including suspected GC. With recent advances in imaging modalities like multi-detector computed tomography(CT) scanners, magnetic resonance imaging-positron emission tomography/CT diagnosis of gallbladder cancer has improved. Studies have also targeted molecular and genetic pathways. Treatment options have included extended and radical surgeries and adjuvant chemotherapy. This review article deals in detail with important aspects of carcinoma gallbladder and its manifestations and challenges. Role of various imaging modalities in characterization and accurate staging has been discussed. The loco-regional spread of this aggressive malignancy is dealt explicitly. | Amit Nandan Dhar Dwivedi Shivi Jain Ruhi Dixit | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，3： | 14 |
| 4 | Dynamic tracking of stem cells in an acute liver failure model显示文摘AIM:To investigate a dual labeling technique,which would enable real-time monitoring of transplanted embryonic stem cell(ESC) kinetics,as well as long-term tracking.METHODS:Liver damage was induced in C57/BL6 male mice(n = 40) by acetaminophen(APAP) 300 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally.Green fluorescence protein(GFP) positive C57/BL6 mouse ESCs were stained with the near-infrared fluorescent lipophilic tracer 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide(DiR) immediately before transplantationinto the spleen.Each of the animals in the cell therapy group(n = 20) received 5 × 10 6 ESCs 4 h following treatment with APAP.The control group(n = 20) received the vehicle only.The distribution and dynamics of the cells were monitored in real-time with the IVIS Lumina-2 at 30 min post transplantation,then at 3,12,24,48 and 72 h,and after one and 2 wk.Immunohistochemical examination of liver tissue was used to identify expression of GFP and albumin.Plasma alanine aminotransferase(ALT) was measured as an indication of liver damage.RESULTS:DiR-stained ESCs were easily tracked with the IVIS using the indocyanine green filter due to its high background passband with minimal background autofluorescence.The transplanted cells were confined inside the spleen at 30 min post-transplantation,gradually moved into the splenic vein,and were detectable in parts of the liver at the 3 h time-point.Within 24 h of transplantation,homing of almost 90% of cells was confirmed in the liver.On day three,however,the DiR signal started to fade out,and ex vivo IVIS imaging of different organs allowed signal detection at time-points when the signal could not be detected by in vivo imaging,and confirmed that the highest photon emission was in the liver(P < 0.0001).At 2 wk,the DiRsignal was no longer detectable in vivo ;however,immunohistochemistry analysis of constitutively-expressed GFP was used to provide an insight into the distribution of the cells.GFP +ve cells were detected in tissue sections resembling hepatocytes and were dispersed throughout the hepatic parenchyma,with the presence of a larger number of GFP +ve cells incorporated within the sinusoidal endothelial lining.Very faint albumin expression was detected in the transplanted GFP +ve cells at 72 h;however at 2 wk,few cells that were positive for GFP were also strongly positive for albumin.There was a significant improvement in serum levels of ALT,albumin and bilirubin in both groups at 2 wk when compared with the 72 h time-point.In the cell therapy group,serum ALT was significantly(P = 0.016) lower and albumin(P = 0.009) was significantly higher when compared with the control group at the 2 wk time-point;however there was no difference in mortality between the two groups.CONCLUSION:Dual labeling is an easy to use and cheap method for longitudinal monitoring of distribution,survival and engraftment of transplanted cells,and could be used for cell therapy models. | Tarek Ezzat Dipok Kumar Dhar Massimo Malago Steven WM Olde Damink | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，6： | 12 |
| 5 | Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in different trees of madhupur forest, Bangladesh显示文摘根和相思树 auriculiformis A 的根围土壤。Cunn。前 Benth, A.mangium 野,面包果 heterophyllus Lamk。C. , Dalbergia 印度黄檀 Roxb。前 A.P.D. , Eucalyptuscamaldulensis Dehnn,三叶橡胶树 brasiliensis (野。前法) Muell。Arg, Swietenia macrophylla King.and Tectona 宏大是 L。从 Madhupur 森林区域的不同地点被收集学习 Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM ) 的生物多样性真菌的殖民和孢子人口。所有植物显示出 AM 殖民。从八根选择植株,菌丝殖民在 A 的根是最低的。heterophyllus (22%) 并且最高在 H 的根。brasiliensis (78%) 。Mycelialintensity 是观察穷人(25%-77%) 并且节制(23%-57%) 在所有植物种类并且丰富(11%-40%) 在大多数植物种类。小囊的殖民在五植物种被观察。最低在 E 被记录。camaldulensis (4%) 并且最高在 H。brasiliensis (21%) 。穷人(24%-56%) ,中等(16%100%) 并且丰富(11%-40%) 小囊的紧张的类型被观察。Arbuscular 殖民在三植物被观察。最高在 A。mangium (72%) 并且最低在 S。macrophylla (17%) 。Arbuscular 紧张作为穷人(12%-44%) 被记录,中等(22%100%) 并且丰富(4%-47%) 。最高的 AM 真菌的孢子人口在 A.auriculiformis (714 ) 并且最低在 D。印度黄檀(102 ) 。AM 五点真菌的类被记录。血管球被发现主导。一些孢子仍然保持未辩别出。重要关联在百分比殖民和孢子人口之间被观察。现在的学习的结果在 Madhupui 森林的森林管理显示 AM 真菌的出现和 Madhupur 森林区域的植物和 AM 技术的适用性的 mycotrophism。 | P. P. Dhar M. A. U. Mridha | 2006 | Journal of Forestry Research2006，17，3： | 9 |
| 6 | Conservation and Diversification of the SHR-SCR- SCL23 Regulatory Network in the Development of the Functional Endodermis in Arabidopsis Shoots显示文摘部分地, Arabidopsis thaliana 根的功能的内皮的开发被 GRAS 抄写因素控制,也就是短根(SHR ) ,衣衫褴褛的人(SCR ) ,并且像衣衫褴褛的人 23 (SCL23 ) 。最近, SHR-SCR-SCL23 规章的模块为内皮的说明也是必要的,这被显示出(作为捆鞘知道) 在叶子。与在根对 SHR-SCR-SCL23 规章的网络的角色被知道的相比,不过, SHR, SCR,和 SCL23 的分子的相互作用更不在射击被理解。这里,我们证明 SHR 与 SCL23 形成蛋白质建筑群在射击调整 SCL23 的抄写,类似于 SCR 的规定模式表示。我们的结果显示 SHR 充当主人管理者直接激活 SCR 和 SCL23 的表示。在 SHR-SCR-SCL23 网络,我们发现了一以前 SCL23 调制 SHR 的否定反馈循环铺平的 uncharacterized。通过分子、基因、生理、词法的分析,我们也表明 SHR-SCR-SCL23 模块在内皮的形成起一个关键作用(作为淀粉鞘知道) 在胚轴。一起拿,我们的结果在根和射击在内皮开发提供新卓见进 SHR-SCR-SCL23 网络的规章的角色。 | Eun Kyung Yoon Souvik Dhar Mi-Hyun Lee Jae Hyo Song Shin Ae Lee Gyuree Kim Sejeong Jang Ji Won Choi Jeong-Eun Choe Jeong Hoe Kim Myeong Min Lee Jun Lim | 2016 | Molecular Plant2016，9，8： | 6 |
| 7 | Viral degradasome hijacks mitochondria to suppress innate immunity显示文摘在主人和病原体的能力的天生的免疫之间的平衡影响致病和毒力强烈躲避它。二 nonstructural (NS ) 蛋白质, NS1 和 NS2,呼吸 syncytial,病毒(RSV ) 极其为 RSV 被要求毒力。一起,他们强烈压制类型我干扰素(IFN ) 调停了由降级或禁止多重细胞的因素的主人房间的天生的免疫为 IFN 正式就职或反应要求了小径包括 RIG-I, IRF3, IRF7, TBK1 和 STAT2。这里,我们为 NS 蛋白质装配的大、异构的 degradative 建筑群的存在提供证据,我们把它称为 “ NS-degradasome”(NSD ) 。NSD 是粗略地,在尺寸的 ~ 300-750 kD,和它的 degradative 活动被净化的线粒体的增加在 vitro 提高。在房间, NS 蛋白质的多数和到在 RSV 感染之上的线粒体的 NSD translocated 的底层内。基因并且药理学证据证明天生的豁免的最佳的抑制要求 mitochondrial MAVS 和 mitochondrial 活动性。一起,我们建议在的一个新奇范例线粒体,知道为主人的天生的有免疫力的激活重要,为天生的免疫的病毒的抑制也是重要的。 | Ramansu Goswami Tanmay Majumdar Jayeeta Dhar Saurabh Chattopadhya3~ Sudip K Bandyopadhyay Valentina Verbovetskaya Ganes C Sen Sailen Barik | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，8： | 6 |
| 8 | EUS-guided FNA for diagnosis of solid pancreatic neoplasms: a meta-analysis显示文摘 | Michael Jonathan Hewitt Mark J.W. McPhail Lucia Possamai Ameet Dhar Panagiotis Vlavianos Kevin J. Monahan | 2012 | Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2012，，2： | 5 |
| 9 | Variations in seed germination ofHippophae salicifolia with different presoaking treatments显示文摘H 的成熟种子。 salicifolia ,从五起源镇定(即 Hanuman Chatti , Helang , Lata , Rambara 和 Janggal Chatti )在西方 Himalaya ,印度,与层化被对待(在为 15 , 30 和 60 天的 4 °C )并且在 GA 3的不同集中( 5 , 10 , 20 公里), KNO 3( 50 , 100 , 200 公里)并且硫脲( 50 , 100 , 200 公里)在种子萌芽决定变化的答案。结果表明从在不同预先播种的处理下面的不同起源的种子的萌芽率显著地在控制与那些相比被增加(24%30%) 。与硫脲(100 公里) 对待的种子有最高的萌芽率(76%83% 为不同种子采购原料) ,由那些列在后面(63%71% 为不同种子采购原料) 有层化的 pretreated (4 ° C, 30 天) 。GA3 处理显著地弄短吝啬的萌芽时间(MGT ) 并且改善种子发芽率。考虑实际适用性和费用有效性,硫脲(100 公里) 和层化(在 4 ° C ) 为种子萌芽的处理通过 H 的种子为集体增加被推荐。在西方 Himalaya 的村庄 / 森林托儿所的 salicifolia,印度。 | S. Airi, I.D. Bhatt A. Bhatt, R.S. Rawal, U. Dhar | 2009 | Journal of Forestry Research2009，20，1： | 4 |
| 10 | Impact of the source and serial passaging of goat mesenchymal stem cells on osteogenic differentiation potential:implications for bone tissue engineering显示文摘Background: Adult mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) can be conveniently sampled from bone marrow, peripheral blood, muscle, adipose and connective tissue, harvested from various species, including, rodents, dogs, cats, horses,sheep, goats and human beings. The MSCs isolated from adult tissues vary in their morphological and functional properties. These variations are further complicated when cells are expanded by passaging in culture. These differences and changes in MSCs must be considered prior to their application in the clinic or in a basic research study. Goats are commonly used as animal models for bone tissue engineering to test the potential of stem cells for bone regeneration. As a result, goat MSCs isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue should be evaluated using in vitro assays, prior to their application in a tissue engineering project.Results: In this study, we compared the stem cell properties of MSCs isolated from goat bone marrow and adipose tissue. We used quantitative and qualitative assays with a focus on osteogenesis, including, colony forming unit, rate of cell proliferation, tri-lineage differentiation and expression profiling of key signal transduction proteins to compare MSCs from low and high passages. Primary cultures generated from each source displayed the stem cell characteristics,with variations in their osteogenic potentials. Most importantly, low passaged bone marrow MSCs displayed a significantly higher and superior osteogenic potential, and hence, will be the preferred choice for bone tissue engineering in future in vivo experiments. In the bone marrow MSCs, this process is potentially mediated by the p38 MAPK pathway. On the other hand, osteogenic differentiation in the adipose tissue MSCs may involve the p44/42 MAPK pathway.Conclusions: Based on these data, we can conclude that bone marrow and fat-derived MSCs undergo osteogenesis via two distinct signaling pathways. Even though the bone marrow MSCs are the preferred source for bone tissue engineering, the adipose tissue MSCs are an attractive alternative source and undergo osteo-differentiation differently from the bone marrow MSCs and hence, might require a cell-based enhancer/inducer to improve their osteogenic regenerative capacity. | Hoda Elkhenany Lisa Amelse Marc Caldwell Ramadan Abdelwahed Madhu Dhar | 2016 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2016，7，4： | 4 |
| 11 | Alkali and Silane Treatments towards Exemplary Mechanical Properties of Kenaf and Pineapple Leaf Fibre-reinforced Composites显示文摘Following the contemporary research trend of exploring the potential of eco-friendly natural fibres,this work studies the effects of alkali and silane treatments,with varying concentrations,on the mechanical characterization of composites reinforced with kenaf and pineapple leaf fibre(PALF).Kenaf-and PALF-based composites were fabricated through the heat compression method.Their mechanical characterization was then performed to evaluate the tensile,flexural and impact properties.The findings concluded that chemical treatments indeed enhanced the mechanical properties of composite materials.5%NaOH and 3%silane treatments can respectively provide the optimum mechanical properties to the kenaf fibre and PALF reinforced composites.Chemical treatment results evidenced that silane-treated composites exhibit higher mechanical properties compared to the NaOH-treated composites.When comparing the mechanical properties of kenaf-and PALF-reinforced polypropylene composites,the overall results show that composites based on PALF have superior mechanical properties. | Ng Lin Feng Sivakumar Dhar Malingam Nadlene Razali Sivarao Subramonian | 2020 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2020，17，2： | 3 |
| 12 | Nanoindentation and Wear Characteristics of Al 5083/SiC_p Nanocomposites Synthesized by High Energy Ball Milling and Spark Plasma Sintering显示文摘Al 5083/10 wt% SiC p nano composites have been synthesized by means of high energy ball milling followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Nano composites produced via this method exhibited near-theoretical density while retaining the nano-grained features. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the crystalline size of the ball milled Al 5083 matrix was observed to be ~25 nm and it was coarsened up to ~30 nm after SPS. Nano indentation results of nano composites demonstrated a high hardness of ~280 HV with an elastic modulus of 126 GPa. Wear and friction characteristics with addition of SiC p reinforcement exhibited significant improvement in terms of coefficient of friction and specific wear rate to that of nano structured Al 5083 alloy. The reduction in specific wear rate in the nanocomposite was mainly due to the change of wear mechanism from adhesive to abrasive wear with the addition of SiC p which resulted in high hardness associated with nano-grained microstructure. | Sivaiah Bathula Saravanan M Ajay Dhar | 2012 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2012，28，11： | 3 |
| 13 | Arbuscular mycorrhizal associations in different forest tree species of Hazarikhil forest of Chittagong, Bangladesh显示文摘Biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization and AM fungal spores were studied in the roots and rhizosphere soils of Acacia catechu (L.f). Wild., A. mangium Willd, Anthocephala cadamba Miq., Artocarpus chaplasha Roxb., Chickrassia tabularis A. Juss., Swietenia macrophylla King., Tectona grandis L. from plantations; Albizia procera (Roxb.) Benth., A. falcataria L., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br., Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.) Parker., Hydnocarpus kurzii (King.) Warb., Heynea trijuga Roxb., Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers., Messua ferrea Linn., Podocarpus nerifolia Don., Swintonia floribunda Griff., Syzygium fruticosum (Roxb.) DC., S. grandis (Wt.) Wal. from forest and nursery seedlings of A. polystachya, A. chaplasha, Gmelina arborea Roxb. and S. cuminii (L.) Skeels from Hazarikhil forest, Chittagong of Bangladesh. Roots were stained in aniline blue and rhizosphere soils were assessed by wet sieving and decanting methods. The range of AM colonization varied significantly from 10%-73% in the plantations samples. Maximum colonization was observed in A. mangium (73%) and minimum colonization was observed in C. tabularis (10%). Vesicular colonization was recorded 15%-67% in five plantation tree species. The highest was in A. cadamba (67%) and the lowest was in T. grandis; A. chaplasha and C. tabularis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded 12%-60% in four plantation tree species. The highest was in A. mangium (60%) and the lowest was in A. cadamba. Roots of Artocarpus chaplasha, C. tabularis and T. grandis showed no arbuscular colonization. Among 12 forest tree species, nine tree species showed AM colonization. The highest was in A. falcataria (62%) and the lowest was in S. fruticosum (10%). Significant variation in vesicular colonization was recorded in seven forest tree species. The highest was in H. trijuga (52%) and the lowest was in L. speciosa (18%). Hydnocarpus kurzii, M. ferrea, P. nerifolia S. fruticosum and S. grandis showed no vesicular colonization. Arbuscular colonization was recorded in seven forest tree species. The highest was in A. falcataria (60%) and the lowest was in A. procera (10%). All the nursery seedlings showed AM colonization and the range was 10%-73%. Vesicules were recorded in G. arborea (40%) and S. cumini (40%). Arbuscular colonization was recorded in G. arborea (100%) and S. cumini (100%). Spore population was recorded 77-432/100 g dry soils, 80-276/100 g dry soils, and 75-153/100g dry soils in plantation, forest and nursery, respectively. Glomus and Acaulospora were dominant genera among the six AM fungi recorded. Significantly positive correlation was observed between AM colonization and AM fungal spore population in Hazarikhil plantation tree species, forest tree species and nursery tree seedlings. The present study showed the biodiversity of root colonization and AM fungi are active in nutrient cycling, survivals and seedling establishment of the plants in the Hazarikhil forest, plantation and nursery. | P. P. Dhar M. A. U. Mridha | 2012 | Journal of Forestry Research2012，23，1： | 3 |
| 14 | Enhanced thermoelectric performance in p-type ZrCoSb based half-Heusler alloys employing nanostructuring and compositional modulation显示文摘ZrCoSb based half-Heusler(HH)alloys have been widely studied as a p-type thermoelectric(TE)material for power generation applications in the mid-temperature regime.However,their intrinsically high thermal conductivity has been found to be detrimental for the improvement in their thermoelectric figure-of-merit(ZT),which presently is far below unity.In the current work,a state-of-the-art ZT~1.1 at 873 K was realized in an optimized composition of nanostructured Zr1-xHfxCoSb_(0.9)Sn_(0.1) HH alloys by employing compositional modulation i.e.grain-by-grain compositional variations,which leads to a substantial increase in its power factor coupled with a concurrent decrease in its thermal conductivity.Significant reduction in the phonon mean-free-path is observed on Hf substitution,which is comparable to the average crystallite size(~25 nm),thus leading to a very low thermal conductivity of~2.2Wm^(-1)K^(-1) at 873 K,which is amongst the lowest reported in HH alloys.The TE device characteristics,estimated using cumulative temperature dependence model for quantitative evaluation of TE performance,yielded an output power density of~10 Wcm2 with a leg efficiency of~10%in the optimized composition of nanostructured Zr_(1-x)Hf_(x)CoSb_(0.9)Sn_(0.1) HH alloys,which is comparable to the reported efficiencies of other state-of-the-art TE materials. | Nagendra S.Chauhan Sivaiah Bathula Avinash Vishwakarma Ruchi Bhardwaj Kishor Kumar Johari Bhasker Gahtori Ajay Dhar | 2019 | Journal of Materiomics2019，5，1： | 3 |
| 15 | Transfusion-transmitted virus in association with hepatitis A-E viral infections in various forms of liver diseases in India显示文摘瞄准:描述播送输送的病毒(TTV ) 的流行与在在诺思 India.METHODS 的肝疾病的不同形式的肝炎 A-E 病毒的感染联合的感染:从一个总数的血清 137 个病人数,包括 37 有尖锐病毒的肝炎( AVH )的病人,有长期的病毒的肝炎( CVH )的 37 个病人,有肝硬变的 31 个病人和有暴发性的肝的失败( FHF )的 32 个病人,为 TTV-DNA 和肝炎 A-E 病毒的标记两个都被分析。肝炎 B (HBV ) 的存在,丙肝病毒(HCV ) 和肝炎 E 病毒(HEV ) 感染在不同的组在不同比例被检测。而且, TTV-DNA 同时在 100 健康供血者 also.RESULTS 被测试:任何一个都没病人有肝炎 A 病毒(HAV ) 和肝炎 D 病毒(HDV ) 感染。TTV-DNA 的全面流行与 FHF 与 AVH,有 CVH 的 18.9% 盒子,有肝硬化的 48.4% 盒子和 9.4% 盒子在 27.1% 情况中被检测。同时在 100 健康供血者测试的 TTV-DNA 显示出 27% 确实。在与另外的肝炎建立在 TTV 感染之间的一种关系上病毒的感染, TTV 在这些疾病组与 HBV, HCV 和 HEV 表明了合作感染。有中高音的 TTV 的关联在重量的单位铺平一没在感染 TTV 的病人表明高中高音水平,建议那 TTV 不引起严重的肝 damage.CONCLUSION:TTV 感染在印度在病人和健康个人两个都是流行的。然而,它没与另外的肝炎有任何重要关联病毒的感染,它也不与肝疾病在病人生产严重的肝损坏的一条证据。 | M Irshad Y Sharma I Dhar J Singh YK Joshi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，15： | 3 |
| 16 | Perioperative Neurological Complications After Liver Transplantation are Best Predicted by Pre-transplant Hepatic Encephalopathy显示文摘 | Rajat Dhar G. Bryan Young Paul Marotta | 2008 | Neurocritical Care2008，，2： | 3 |
| 17 | Pattern of rubber bullet injuries in the lower limbs: A report from Kashmir显示文摘 | Shabir Ahmed Dhar Tahir Ahmed Dar Sharief Ahmed Wani Saheel Maajid Jawed Ahmed Bhat Naseer Ahmed Mir Imtiyaz Hussain Dar Shahid Hussain | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Traumatology2016，19，3： | 3 |
| 18 | Transfusion transmitted virus: A review on its molecular characteristics and role in medicine显示文摘现在的评论给输送的更新的概述播送病毒(TTV ) ,一个新奇代理人在与它的分子的特征的关系,流行病学的特征,传播的模式,组织向性,致病,在各种各样的疾病的角色和它从身体的根除。TTV,一个 DNA 病毒,一个单身者被搁浅,非包,有包括 3852 的一个小、 covalently 关上的圆形的染色体的长 DNA 病毒基于的 3.8 kb。它是尝试性地指明的 Circinoviridae 病毒。TTV 染色体顺序是异构的并且揭示六不同遗传型和几种子类型的存在。TTV 被报导了不仅经由非肠道的线路,而且经由交替的线路播送。这个病毒也在不同非人类的首领被检测了。目前, TTV 被聚合酶链反应(PCR ) 没有另外的可得到的诊断试金检测。它全球性显示出它的存在并且在健康的人的高百分比人口以及在各种各样的疾病组被检测。开始,它应当与肝疾病有强壮的协会;然而,几乎没有小证据在引起肝疾病显示出它的肝向性和贡献。它在牙齿过敏细胞溶解病人显示出高流行,向它在肾的疾病的意义指。另外, TTV 与几传染、非传染的疾病被联系。不过,它的准确致病是还没清楚的, TTV 病毒可能住并且在骨髓房间和外部血乘单音的原子房间(PBMC ) 。最近,被尝试了根除有干扰素治疗的这个病毒。更多的信息仍然被需要解脱与 TTV 有关的各种各样的谜。 | M Irshad YK Joshi Y Sharma I Dhar | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，32： | 3 |
| 19 | Citric acid:An efficient and green catalyst for rapid one pot synthesis of quinoxaline derivatives at room temperature显示文摘有 1,2-dicarbonyl 混合物的 o-phenylenediamines 的冷凝作用在乙醇在房间温度在更高的收益面对柠檬性的酸负担得起相应 quinoxaline 衍生物,并且大多数反应在不到 1 min 被完成。 | Radhakrishnan Mahesh Arghya Kusum Dhar Tara Sasank T.V.N.V. Sappanimuthu Thirunavukkarasu Thangaraj Devadoss | 2011 | Chinese Chemical Letters2011，22，4： | 3 |
| 20 | Setting priorities for conservation of medicinal plants –– a case study in the Indian Himalaya显示文摘 | Uppeandra Dhar Ranbeer S Rawal Jyoti Upreti | 2000 | Biological Conservation2000，，1： | 2 |
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