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| 1 | Energetic-protein supplementation in the last 60 days of gestation improves performance of beef cows grazing tropical pastures显示文摘Background: Nutrition is one of the most important factors that affect animal performance, and it therefore also impacts on financial results in beef systems. In this way, finding the best strategy for feeding supplements is of paramount importance. Aiming to evaluate the effect of supplement feeding strategies for beef cows in the last third of gestation, two experiments were conducted. In Experiment 1, 35 pregnant Nellore cows were assigned to a completely randomized design with four treatments: control, which received no supplement; supplementation for the last 30 d of gestation(30-d; 3.0 kg/d); supplementation for the last 60 d of gestation(60-d; 1.5 kg/d); or supplementation for the last 90 d of gestation(90-d; 1.0 kg/d). All supplemented treatments received the same total amount of supplement throughout the experiment: 90 kg(20% of crude protein). A second experiment(Experiment 2) was delineated to evaluate the effects of the amounts offered in Experiment 1 on intake and metabolism. Four multiparous pregnant Nellore cows were assigned to a 4 × 4 Latin square design, with periods of15 d each.Results: There was a linear effect of the number of days of supplementation on calving body weight(BW; P < 0.05)and a quadratic effect on BW change from parturition to d 31 post-calving(P < 0.05), with cows on the 60-d strategy losing less BW post-calving. No difference was found in offspring birth BW(P > 0.10). A significant linear effect on interval from parturition to conception(P < 0.05) was observed, with the highest calving to conception interval being observed in the 90-d strategy. The level of supplementation did not affect forage intake or neutral detergent fiber digestibility(P > 0.10). Nitrogen excreted through urine tended to increase linearly with the level of supplementation(P < 0.10).Conclusion: Providing 1.5 kg of supplement during the last 60 d of gestation improves cow performance after calving, reducing the magnitude of BW lost, and reduces the number of days from calving to re-conception in the following breeding season compared to the usually recommended period of supplementation of 90 d pre-partum. | Aline Gomes da Silva Mário Fonseca Paulino Edenio Detmann Henrique Jorge Fernandes Lincoln da Silva Amorim Román Enrique Maza Ortega Victor Valério de Carvalho Josilaine Aparecida da Costa Lima Felipe Henrique de Moura Mariana Benevides Monteiro Jéssika Almeida Bitencourt | 2018 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2018，9，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Transmission capacity: availability, maximum, transfer and reliability显示文摘 | Leite da S A M de Carvalho C J G da Fonseca M L A | 2002 | IEEE Transactions on Power Systems2002，17，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Long-term probabilistic evaluation of operating reserve requirements with renewable sources显示文摘 | da SILVA A M L SALES W S da FONSECA MANSO L A | 2010 | IEEE Trans on Power Systems2010，25，1： | 1 |
| 4 | The remarkable Rhodococcus erythropolis显示文摘 | de Carvalho C C da Fonseca M M 2005 | 2005 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol2005，67，： | 1 |
| 5 | Bioaugmentationand biostimulation strategies to improve the effectiveness of bioremediation processes显示文摘 | Tyagi M da Fonseca MMR de Carvalho CCCR | 2011 | Biodegradation2011，22，23： | 1 |
| 6 | Viable reserve networks arise from individual landholder responses to conservation incentives显示文摘 | Chomitz K M Da Fonseca G A B Alger K | 2006 | Ecology and Society2006，11，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Unplanned endotracheal extubations in the intensive care unit:systematic review,critical appraisal,and evidence-based recommendations显示文摘 | da Silva P S Fonseca M C | 2012 | Anesth Analg2012，114，5： | 1 |
| 8 | A microporous membrane interface for the monitoring of dissolved gaseous and volatile compounds by on- line mass spectrometry显示文摘 | Ferreira B S van Keulen F da Fonseca M M R | 2002 | J Mernbr Sci2002，208，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Towards the bio-production of trans-carveol and carvone from limonene:induction after cell growth on limonene and toluene显示文摘 | Carla C C R de carvalho M Manuela R da Fonseca | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 10 | How the modified Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score can identify treatment failure and avoid overusing antibiotics in ventilator-associated pneumonia显示文摘 | da SPS de Aguiar V E Fonseca M C | 2014 | Acta Paediatr2014，103，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Synthesis of ethyl butyrate in organic media catalyzed by Candida rugosa lipase immobilized in polyurethane foams:a kinetic study显示文摘 | Pires-Cabral P da Fonseca M M R Ferreira-Dias S | 2007 | Biochemical Engineering Journal2007，33，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Flavonoids and antiulcerogenic activity from Byrsonima crassa leaves extracts显示文摘 | Sannomiya M Fonseca VB da Silva MA Rocha LR Dos Santos LC Hiruma-Lima CA Souza Brito AR Vilegas W | | 0，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Safety of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with nonacute ischemic stroke显示文摘 | BATTISTELLA V DE FREITAS G R DA FONSECA L M | 2011 | Regen Med2011，6，1： | 1 |
| 14 | RFMirTarget : Predicting Human MicroRNA Target Genes with a Random Forest Classifier显示文摘 | Mendoza M R da Fonseca G C Loss-Morais G | 2013 | PloS one2013，8，7： | 1 |
| 15 | Early childhood caries and quality of life:child and parent perspectives显示文摘 | Filstrup SL Briskie D da Fonseca M | 2003 | Pediatr Dent2003，25，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Pseudo-chronological simulation for composite reliability analysis with time varying loads 显示文摘 | Leite da Silva A M Da Fonseca Manso L A De Olivera Mello J C | 2000 | IEEE Transactions on Power Systems2000，15，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Bioaugmentation and biostimulation strategies to improve the effectiveness of bioremediation processes显示文摘 | Tyagi M da Fonseca M M R de Carvalho C C C R | 2011 | Biodegradation2011，22，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Natural vermiculite as an exchanger support for heavy cations in aqueous solution 显示文摘 | Maria G da Fonseca Michelle M de Oliveira Luiza N H Arakaki | 2005 | Journal of Colloid and Interface Science2005，285，： | 1 |
| 19 | Removal of cadmium, zinc, manganese and chromium cations from aqueous solution by a clay mineral 显示文摘 | Maria G da Fonseca Michelle M de Oliveira Luiza N H Arakaki | 2006 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2006，137，： | 1 |
| 20 | Natural vermiculite as an exchanger support for heavy cations in aqueous solution显示文摘 | Maria G da Fonseca MichcHc M de Oliveira Luiza N H Arakaki | 2005 | Journal of Colloid and Interface Science2005，285，1： | 1 |
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