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| 1 | A Weakly Supervised Deep Learning Framework for Sorghum Head Detection and Counting显示文摘The yield of cereal crops such as sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.Moench)depends on the distribution of crop-heads in varying branching arrangements.Therefore,counting the head number per unit area is critical for plant breeders to correlate with the genotypic variation in a specific breeding field.However,measuring such phenotypic traitsmanually is an extremely labor-intensive process and suffers from low efficiency and human errors.Moreover,the process is almost infeasible for large-scale breeding plantations or experiments.Machine learning-based approaches like deep convolutional neural network(CNN)based object detectors are promising tools for efficient object detection and counting.However,a significant limitation of such deep learningbased approaches is that they typically require a massive amount of hand-labeled images for training,which is still a tedious process.Here,we propose an active learning inspired weakly supervised deep learning framework for sorghum head detection and counting from UAV-based images.We demonstrate that it is possible to significantly reduce human labeling effort without compromising final model performance(��2 between human count and machine count is 0.88)by using a semitrained CNN model(i.e.,trained with limited labeled data)to perform synthetic annotation.In addition,we also visualize key features that the network learns.This improves trustworthiness by enabling users to better understand and trust the decisions that the trained deep learning model makes. | Sambuddha Ghosal Bangyou Zheng Scott CChapman Andries BPotgieter David RJordan Xuemin Wang Asheesh KSingh Arti Singh Masayuki Hirafuji Seishi Ninomiya Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Soumik Sarkar Wei Guo | 2019 | Plant Phenomics2019，1，1： | 16 |
| 2 | Neurotherapeutic potential of erythropoietin after ischemic injury of the central nervous system显示文摘Erythropoietin (EPO) is one of the most successful biopharmaceuticals in history and is used for treating anemia of different origins. However, it became clear that EPO could also work in a neuroprotective, antiapoptotic, antioxidative, angiogenetic and neurotropic way. It causes stimulation of cells to delay cell apoptosis, especially in the central nervous system. In rodent models of focal cerebral ischemia, EPO showed an impressive reduction of infarct size by 30% and improvement of neurobehavioral outcome by nearly 40%. A large animal model dealing with ischemia and reperfusion of the spinal cord showed that EPO could reduce the risk of spinal cord injury significantly. In addition, some clinical studies tested whether EPO works in real live clinical settings. One of the most promising studies showed the innocuousness and improvements in follow-up, outcome scales and in infarct size, of EPO-use in humans suffering from ischemic stroke. Another study ended unfortunately in a negative outcome and an increased overall death rate in the EPO group. The most possible reason was the involvement of patients undergoing simultaneously systemic thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. An experimental study on rats demonstrated that administration of EPO might exacerbate tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage without reducing the ischemic brain damage. This case shows clearly how useful animal models can be to check negative side effects of a treatment before going into clinical trials. Other groups looked in human trials at the effects of EPO on the outcome after ischemic stroke, relation to circulating endothelial progerdtor cells, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, hemoglobin transfusion thresholds and elective first-time coronary artery bypass surgery. Most of the results were pos-让ive, but are based mostly on small group sizes. However, some of the most neglected facts when focusing on experimental setups of ischemia of the central nervous system are issues like age and comorbidities. It might be extremely worthy to consider these points for future projects, because EPO might influence all these factors. | Florian Simon Nicolaos Floros Wiebke Ibing Hubert Schelzig Artis Knapsis | 2019 | Neural Regeneration Research2019，14，8： | 15 |
| 3 | Nanotechnologies in Food Science:Applications,Recent Trends,and Future Perspectives显示文摘Nanotechnology is a key advanced technology enabling contribution,development,and sustainable impact on food,medicine,and agriculture sectors.Nanomaterials have potential to lead qualitative and quantitative production of healthier,safer,and high-quality functional foods which are perishable or semi-perishable in nature.Nanotechnologies are superior than conventional food processing technologies with increased shelf life of food products,preventing contamination,and production of enhanced food quality.This comprehensive review on nanotechnologies for functional food development describes the current trends and future perspectives of advanced nanomaterials in food sector considering processing,packaging,security,and storage.Applications of nanotechnologies enhance the food bioavailability,taste,texture,and consistency,achieved through modification of particle size,possible cluster formation,and surface charge of food nanomaterials.In addition,the nanodelivery-mediated nutraceuticals,synergistic action of nanomaterials in food protection,and the application of nanosensors in smart food packaging for monitoring the quality of the stored foods and the common methods employed for assessing the impact of nanomaterials in biological systems are also discussed. | Shivraj Hariram Nile Venkidasamy Baskar Dhivya Selvaraj Arti Nile Jianbo Xiao Guoyin Kai | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，3： | 6 |
| 4 | Innate lymphoid cells control signaling circuits to regulate tissue-specific immunity显示文摘The multifaceted organization of the immune system involves not only patrolling lymphocytes that constantly monitor antigenpresenting cells in secondary lymphoid organs but also immune cells that establish permanent tissue-residency.The integration in the respective tissue and the adaption to the organ milieu enable tissue-resident cells to establish signaling circuits with parenchymal cells to coordinate immune responses and maintain tissue homeostasis.Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are tissueresident innate immune cells that have a similar functional diversity to T cells including lineage-specifying transcription factors that drive certain effector programs.Since their formal discovery 10 years ago,it has become clear that ILCs are present in almost every tissue but strongly enriched at barrier surfaces,where they regulate immunity to infection,chronic inflammation,and tissue maintenance.In this context,recent research has identified ILCs as key in orchestrating tissue homeostasis through their ability to sustain bidirectional interactions with epithelial cells,neurons,stromal cells,adipocytes,and many other tissue-resident cells.In this review,we provide a comprehensive discussion of recent studies that define the development and heterogeneity of ILC populations and their impact on innate and adaptive immunity.Further,we discuss emerging research on the influence of the nervous system,circadian rhythm,and developmental plasticity on ILC function.Uncovering the signaling circuits that control development and function of ILCs will provide an integrated view on how immune responses in tissues are synchronized with functional relevance far beyond the classical view of the role of the immune system in discrimination between self/non-self and host defense. | Christoph S.N.Klose David Artis | 2020 | Cell Research2020，30，6： | 5 |
| 5 | Soybean Root System Architecture Trait Study through Genotypic,Phenotypic,and Shape-Based Clusters显示文摘We report a root system architecture(RSA)traits examination of a larger scale soybean accession set to study trait genetic diversity.Suffering from the limitation of scale,scope,and susceptibility to measurement variation,RSA traits are tedious to phenotype.Combining 35,448 SNPs with an imaging phenotyping platform,292 accessions(replications=14)were studied for RSA traits to decipher the genetic diversity.Based on literature search for root shape and morphology parameters,we used an ideotypebased approach to develop informative root(iRoot)categories using root traits.The RSA traits displayed genetic variability for root shape,length,number,mass,and angle.Soybean accessions clustered into eight genotype-and phenotype-based clusters and displayed similarity.Genotype-based clusters correlated with geographical origins.SNP profiles indicated that much of US origin genotypes lack genetic diversity for RSA traits,while diverse accession could infuse useful genetic variation for these traits.Shape-based clusters were created by integrating convolution neural net and Fourier transformation methods,enabling trait cataloging for breeding and research applications.The combination of genetic and phenotypic analyses in conjunction with machine learning and mathematical models provides opportunities for targeted root trait breeding efforts to maximize the beneficial genetic diversity for future genetic gains. | Kevin G.Falk Talukder Zaki Jubery Jamie A.O’Rourke Arti Singh Soumik Sarkar Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Asheesh K.Singh | 2020 | Plant Phenomics2020，2，1： | 3 |
| 6 | Effect of Semecarpus anacardium fruits on reproductive function of male albino rats显示文摘Aim: To evaluate the effect of an ethanolic extract of Semecarpus anacardium fruits on spermatogenesis in albino rats. Methods: Male albino rats were fed with a 50 % ethanolic extract of Semecarpus anacardium fruit at 100 mg·kg^-l·day^-1, 200 mg·kg^-l·day^-1 and 300 mg·kg^-1·day^-1 for 60 days. Fertility test was performed after 60 days of treatment. Sperm motility and density were observed in the cauda epididymis. Biochemical and histological analyses of the blood and reproductive organs were done. Recovery of fertility was followed to evaluate the reversibility of drug action. Results: S. anacardium fruit extract administration resulted in spermatogenic arrest in albino rats. Thes perm motility and density was reduced significantly. The RBC and WBC counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit, blood sugar and urea were found to be within the normal range in the whole blood. The protein, cholesterol and glycogen in the testes and the fructose in the seminal vesicle were significantly decreased after the treatment. The fruit extract feeding caused marked reduction in the number of primary spermatocytes, secondary spermatocytes and spermatids.The number of mature Leydig cells was also decreased and degenerating cells increased proportionately. Conclusion:S. anacardium fruit extract causes spermatogenic arrest in albino rats. ( Asian J Androl 2003 Jun; 5: 121-124) | Arti Sharma Pramod Kumar Verma V.P.Dixit | 2003 | Asian Journal of Andrology2003，5，2： | 3 |
| 7 | Innate Lymphoid Cell Interactions with Microbiota: Implications for Intestinal Health and Disease显示文摘 | Gregory F. Sonnenberg David Artis | 2012 | Immunity2012，，4： | 2 |
| 8 | Colitis and Intestinal Inflammation in IL10 ?/? Mice Results From IL-13Rα2–Mediated Attenuation of IL-13 Activity显示文摘 | Mark S. Wilson Thirumalai R. Ramalingam Aymeric Rivollier Kevin Shenderov Margaret M. Mentink–Kane Satish K. Madala Allen W. Cheever David Artis Brian L. Kelsall Thomas A. Wynn | 2011 | Gastroenterology2011，，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in tumour islets confers a surival advantage in non-small cell lung cancer显示文摘 | Chandra MO Arti S Ruth HG | 2010 | BMC Cancer2010，10，： | 1 |
| 10 | Sorptive removal of crystal violet from aqueous solution using spent tea leaves:Part I optimization of sorption conditions and kinetic studies显示文摘 | Bajpai S K Arti J | 2010 | Acta Chimica Slovenica2010，57，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Structure-activity relationship for antioxidant activities of a series of flavonoids in a liposomal system显示文摘 | Arti Arora Muraleedharan G Nair Gale M Strasburg | 1998 | Free Radical Biology & Medicine1998，24，9： | 1 |
| 12 | Sensing the outside world: TSLP regulatesbarrier immunity显示文摘 | Ziegler SF Artis D | 2010 | Nat Immunol2010，11，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Survey of emissivity variability in thermography of urban areas 显示文摘 | Artis D A Carnahan W H | 1982 | Remote sensing of Environment1982，12，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Border patrol:regulation of immunity,inflammation and tissue homeostasis at barrier surfaces by IL-22显示文摘 | Sonnenberg GF Fouser LA Artis D | 2011 | Nat Immunol2011，12，5： | 1 |
| 15 | 1 Burnou t and Engagement in University Students a Cross - national Study显示文摘 | Schau feliW B M arti IM P into A M eta | 2002 | Journal of Cross - Cultural Psychology2002，33，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Sensing the outside world: TSLP regu lares barrier immunity显示文摘 | Ziegler SF Artis D | 2010 | Nat Immunol2010，11，： | 1 |
| 17 | The radar in the automotive domain显示文摘 | Artis J P Kemkemian S | 2005 | Annales des Telecommunications/Annals of Telecommunications2005，60，34： | 1 |
| 18 | U- tilization of molasses sugar for lactic acid production by Lactoba- cillus delbrueckii subsp, delbrueckii mutant Ue-3 in batch fer- mentation显示文摘 | Arti Dumbrepatil Mukund Adsul Shivani Chaudhari | 2008 | Applied and Environmental Microbiology2008，74，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Innate lymphoid ceils: balancing immunity, inflammation, and tissue repair in the intestine 显示文摘 | Tait Wojno ED Artis D | 2012 | Cell Host Microbe2012，12，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Regional externalities and growth: evidence from european regions 显示文摘 | LOPEZ-BAZO E VAYA E ARTIS M | 2004 | Journal of Regional Science2004，，1： | 1 |
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