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| 1 | Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of norovirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children in Lebanon显示文摘AIM To assess the burden of norovirus(No V) and to determine the diversity of circulating strains among hospitalized children in Lebanon. METHODS Stool samples were collected from children presenting with acute gastroenteritis to six major hospitals in Lebanon. A total of 739 eligible stool samples, testing negative for diarrhea caused by rotavirus as a possible viral pathogen, were collected between January 2011 and June 2013. A standardized questionnaire including demographic, epidemiological and clinical observations was used at the time of hospitalization of children presenting with diarrhea. Viral RNA was extracted from stool samples followed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and nucleotide sequencing of a fragment of the viral protein 1 capsid gene. Multiple sequence alignments were carried out and phylogenetic trees were constructed using the MEGA 6 software.RESULTS Overall, 11.2% of stool samples collected from children aged < 5 years tested positive for No V genogroups Ⅰ(GⅠ) and Ⅱ(GⅡ). GⅡ accounted for 10.6% of the gastroenteritis cases with only five samples being positive for GⅠ(0.7%). The majority of hospitalized children showed symptoms of diarrhea, dehydration, vomiting and fever. Upon sequencing of positive samples and based on their clustering in the phylogenetic tree, 4/5 of GⅠ gastroenteritis cases were designated GⅠ.3 and one case as GⅠ.4. GⅡ.4 was predominantly detected in stool of our study participants(68%). We report a JB-15/KOR/2008 GⅡ.4 Apeldoorn 2008-like variant strain circulating in 2011; this strain was replaced between 2012 and 2013 by a variant sharing homology with the Sydney/NSW0514/2012/AUS GⅡ.4 Sydney 2012 and Sydney 2012/FRA GⅡ.4 strains. We also report the co-circulation of non-GⅡ.4 genotypes among hospitalized children. Our data show that No V gastroenteritis can occur throughout the year with the highest number of cases detected during the hot months.CONCLUSION The majority of No V-associated viral gastroenteritis cases among our participants are attributable to GⅡ.4, which is compatible with results reported worldwide. | Nada M Melhem Hassan Zaraket Khalil Kreidieh Zeinab Ali Moza Hammadi Soha Ghanem Farah Hajar Amjad Haidar Adlette Inati Mariam Rajab Hassan Fakhouri Bassam Ghanem Ghassan Baasiri Ghassan Dbaibo | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，48： | 3 |
| 2 | Rare influenza A(H3N2)variants with reduced sensitivity to antiviral drugs显示文摘 | Dapat C Suzuki Y Saito R Kyaw Y Myint Y Y Lin N Oo H N Oo K Y Win N Naito M Hasegawa G Dapat I C Zaraket H Baranovich T Nishikawa M Saito T Suzuki H | 2010 | Emerg Infect Dis2010，16，3： | 1 |
| 3 | Genetic makeup of amantadine-resistant and osehamivir-resistant human influenza A/H1N1 Viruses显示文摘 | Zaraket H Saito R Suzuki Y | 2010 | Clinical microbiology2010，48，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Proteolytic enzymes in embryonated chicken eggs sustain the replication of egg-grown low-pathogenicity avian influenza viruses in cells in the absence of exogenous proteases显示文摘 | Ahmed Kandeil Ola Bagato Hassan Zaraket Jennifer Debeauchamp Scott Krauss Rabeh El-Shesheny Richard J. Webby Mohamed A. Ali Ghazi Kayali | 2014 | Journal of Virological Methods2014，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance phenotypes and genotypes among Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates in Japan显示文摘 | Otsuka T Zaraket H Takano T | 2007 | Clin Microbiol Infect2007，13，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Molecular studies on diarrhea - associated Escherichia coli isolated from humans and animals in Egypt显示文摘 | Shabana II Zaraket H Uzuki H | 2013 | Vet Microbiol2013，167，34： | 1 |
| 7 | Rapid and specific detection of amantadine-resistant influenza A viruses with a Ser31Asn mutation by the cycling probe method 显示文摘 | Suzuki Y Saito R Zaraket H | 2010 | J Clin Microbiol2010，48，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Positive-operator-valued measure optimization of classical correlations显示文摘 | Hamieh S Kobes R Zaraket H | 2004 | Phys Rev A2004，70，05： | 1 |
| 9 | Skill - based frame- work for optimal software project selection and resource allocation 显示文摘 | ZARAKET F A OLLEIK M YASSINE A A | 2014 | European Journal of Operational Research2014，234，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Positive-operator-valued measure optimization of classical correlations 显示文摘 | HAMIEH S KOBES R ZARAKET H | 2004 | Phys Rev A2004，70，05： | 1 |
| 11 | Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals in Niigata, Japan: divergence and transmission显示文摘 | Zaraket H Otsuka T Saito K | 2007 | Microbiol Immunol2007，51，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Rapid and specific detec-tion of amantadine-resistant influenza A viruses with aSer31Asn mutation by the cycling probe method显示文摘 | Suzuki Y Saito R Zaraket H | 2010 | J Clin Mi-crobiol2010，48，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals in Niigata, Japan: divergence and transmission 显示文摘 | Zaraket H Otsuka T Saito K | 2007 | Microbiol Immunol2007，51，2： | 1 |
| 14 | The Impact of Financial Reward on Job Satisfaction and Performance: Implications for Blue Collar Employees显示文摘Job satisfaction has been tested and proven as one of the factors that connect employees to their organization.Additionally, job satisfaction leads to better employee performance. Hence, the main purpose of this study is toinvestigate the impact of financial rewards on job satisfaction and employee performance of the Blue Collaremployees in the construction, contracting and printing industries in Lebanon. The data for this study werecollected using self-administered questionnaires from 250 employees working in the construction contracting andprinting sectors in Lebanon. The response rate was 52 percent (129 employees) after data screening; the data wereanalyzed using SPSS to describe the demographic profile of respondents and multiple linear regression analysis totest the relationship between variables. The hypotheses proposed to be tested through the research were verified. Asexpected, the results show a significant relationship between financial rewards and job satisfaction. Furthermore,job satisfaction bears positive relationship on employee performance. The organization should consider financialrewards as one of the factors in promoting job satisfaction that leads to employee performance among employees inthe construction contracting and printing sectors. | Wael S. Zaraket Farouk Saber | 2017 | China-USA Business Review2017，16，8： | 0 |
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