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| 1 | Pollution characteristics of organic and elemental carbon in PM_(2.5) in Xiamen,China显示文摘Xiamen,located on the southeastern coastal line of China,is undergoing rapid urbanization and industrialization,so its air quality has a trend of degradation.However,studies on level,temporal and spatial changes of fine particles (PM 2.5) and their carbonaceous fractions are scarce.In this article,abundance,sources,seasonal and spatial variations,distribution of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in PM 2.5,were studied at suburban,urban and industrial sites in Xiamen during four season-representative months in 2009-2010.PM 2.5 samples were collected with middle volume sampler and were analyzed for OC and EC with thermal optical transmittance (TOT) method.Results showed that the annual average PM 2.5 concentrations were 63.88-74.80 μg/m 3 at three sites.While OC and EC concentrations were in the range of 15.81-19.73 μg/m 3 and 2.74-3.49 μg/m 3,respectively,and clearly presented the summerminima and winter maxima in this study.The carbonaceous aerosol accounted for 42.8%-47.3% of the mass of PM 2.5.The annual average of secondary organic carbon (SOC) concentrations in Xiamen were 9.23-11.36 μg/m 3,accounting for approximately 56% of OC.Strong correlations between OC and EC was found in spring (R 2=0.50) and autumn (R 2=0.73),suggesting that there were similar emission and transport processes for carbonaceous aerosols in these two seasons,while weak correlations were found in summer (R 2=0.33) and winter (R 2=0.41).The OC/EC ratios in PM 2.5 varied from 2.1 to 8.7 with an annual average of 5.7,indicating that vehicle exhaust,coal smoke and biomass burning were main source apportionments of carbonaceous fractions in Xiamen. | Fuwang Zhang Jinping Zhao Jinsheng Chen Ya Xu Lingling Xu | 2011 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2011，23，8： | 27 |
| 2 | Chemical characteristics of PM_(2.5) during haze episodes in the urban of Fuzhou,China显示文摘Atmospheric fine particles(PM_(2.5)) were collected in this study with middle volume samplers in Fuzhou,China,during both normal days and haze days in summer(September 2007) and winter(January 2008).The concentrations,distributions,and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs),organic carbon(OC),elemental carbon(EC),and water soluble inorganic ions(WSIIs) were determinated.The results showed that the concentrations of PM2.5,PAHs,OC,EC,and WSIIs were in the orders of haze > normal and winter > summer.The dominant PAHs of PM2.5 in Fuzhou were Fluo,Pyr,Chr,BbF,BkF,BaP,BghiP,and IcdP,which represented about 80.0%of the total PAHs during different sampling periods.The BaPeq concentrations of ∑PAHs were 0.78,0.99,1.22,and 2.43 ng/m3 in summer normal,summer haze,winter normal,and winter haze,respectively.Secondary pollutants(SO_4^(2-),NO_3^-,NH_4^+.and OC) were the major chemical compositions of PM2.5,accounting for 69.0%,55.1%,63.4%,and 64.9%of PM2.5 mass in summer normal,summer haze,winter normal,and winter haze,respectively.Correspondingly,secondary organic carbon(SOC) in Fuzhou accounted for 20.1%,48.6%,24.5%,and 50.5%of OC.The average values of nitrogen oxidation ratio(NOR) and sulfur oxidation ratio(SOR) were higher in haze days(0.08 and 0.27) than in normal days(0.05 and 0.22).Higher OC/EC ratios were also found in haze days(5.0) than in normal days(3.3).Correlation analysis demonstrated that visibility had positive correlations with wind speed,and negative correlations with relative humidity and major air pollutants.Overall,the enrichments of PM_(2.5),OC,EC,SO_4^(2-),and NO_3^- promoted haze formation.Furthermore,the diagnostic ratios of IcdP/(IcdP + BghiP),IcdP/BghiP,OC/EC,and NO_3^-/SO_4^(2-) indicated that vehicle exhaust and coal consumption were the main sources of pollutants in Fuzhou. | Fuwang Zhang Lingling Xu Jinsheng Chen Xiaoqiu Chen Zhenchuan Niu Tong Lei Chunming Li Jinping Zhao | 2013 | Particuology2013，11，3： | 19 |
| 3 | Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and gas/particle partitioning in a coastal city, Xiamen, Southeast China显示文摘An intensive sampling program had been undertaken in autumn (October, 2008) and winter (December, 2008 and January, 2009) at urban (Xiamen University and Xianyue residential area), suburban (Institute of Urban Environment), industrial area (Lulian Hotel) and background (Tingxi Reservoir) in Xiamen, Fujian Province, to characterize the atmospheric concentration and gas-particle phase partitioning of PAHs. The average concentration of total PAHs in winter was almost 1.7 times higher than those in autumn. The log scale plot of Kp versus sub-cooled liquid vapor pressure (P0L) for all the data of autumn and winter season samples gave significantly different slopes. The slope for the winter samples (-0.72) was steeper than that for the autumn samples (-0.58). The partitioning results indicated that slope values varied depending on characteristics of specific site, source region and meteorological conditions which play important roles in the partitioning of PAHs. In addition, local emission sources had a stronger effect on partitioning results than long-transported polluted plume. The sources of PAHs in five sampling sites in Xiamen also have been discussed initially. Diagnostic ratios showed that the primary source of PAHs in urban, suburban and industrial area was from vehicle exhausts. While emission from petrochemical factory and power plant was another main contributor to industrial area. | Jinping Zhao Fuwang Zhang Jinsheng Chen Ya Xu | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，7： | 9 |
| 4 | Temporal-spatial distribution and ore-forming material source of gold,copper and silver polymetallic ore deposits in the Fuping mantle structure zone显示文摘This study was conducted following research on metallogenesis in the Zhangjiajie-Xuanhua and East Hebei mantle branch structure zones. The Fuping mantle branch structure zone is one where Au, Cu and Ag poly-metallic ore resources are concentrated in North Hebei. However, there has existed a long-standing controversy on the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources and their ore-forming material sources. In terms of age dating and the comprehensive analysis of S, Pb, O, C and Si isotopes, it is considered that the temporal-spatial distribution of ore resources in this mantle branch structure zone is obviously controlled by the Fuping mantle branch structure. In space there is developed such a metallogenic pattern as to be Ag, Pb and Zn polymetallic ore deposits with gold appearing inside and copper appearing outside. Metallogenesis is dated mainly at Yanshanian, the ore-forming materials were derived predominantly from the deep interior of the Earth, and ore-forming fluids were derived largely from Yanshanian magmatism. | WANG Baode NIU Shuyin SUN Aiqun LIU Yaming XIE Yan JIANG Xiaoping ZHAO Yongli GAO Yincang ZHAO Fuwang | 2010 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2010，29，3： | 6 |
| 5 | Seasonal variations and chemical compositions of PM 2.5 aerosol in the urban area of Fuzhou, China显示文摘 | Lingling Xu Xiaoqiu Chen Jinsheng Chen Fuwang Zhang Chi He Jinping Zhao Liqian Yin | 2011 | Atmospheric Research2011，，： | 2 |
| 6 | Spatial and temporal distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the atmosphere of Xiamen, China显示文摘 | ZHAO Jinping ZHANG Fuwang Xu Lingling | 2011 | Science of the Total Environment2011，409，： | 1 |
| 7 | Characterization of water-soluble inorganic ions in size-segregated aerosols in coastal city, Xiamen显示文摘 | Jinping Zhao Fuwang Zhang Ya Xu Jinsheng Chen | 2010 | Atmospheric Research2010，，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Atmosphere of Xiamen, China 显示文摘 | Jinping Zhao Fuwang Zhang Lingling Xu | 2011 | Science of The Total Environment2011，409，： | 1 |
| 9 | Treatment of a model HA compound (resorcinol) by potassium manganate 显示文摘 | ZHAO Fuwang LI Xing Nigel Graham | 2011 | Separation and Purification Technology2011，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Seasonal variations and chemical compositions of PM 2.5 aerosol in the urban area of Fuzhou, China显示文摘 | Lingling Xu Xiaoqiu Chen Jinsheng Chen Fuwang Zhang Chi He Jinping Zhao Liqian Yin | 2011 | Atmospheric Research2011，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Downstream pressure and elastic wall reflection of droplet flow in a T-junction microchannel显示文摘This paper discusses pressure variation on a wall during the process of liquid flow and droplet formation in a T-junction microchannel. Relevant pressure in the channel, deformation of the elastic wall, and responses of the droplet generation are analyzed using a numerical method.The pressure difference between the continuous and dispersed phases can indicate the droplet-generation period. The pressure along the channel of the droplet flow is affected by the position of droplets, droplet-generation period, and droplet escape from the outlet. The varying pressures along the channel cause a nonuniform deformation of the wall when they are elastic. The deformation is a vibration and has the same period as the droplet generation arising from the process of droplet formation. | Yan Pang Zhaomiao Liu Fuwang Zhao | 2016 | Acta Mechanica Sinica2016，32，4： | 1 |
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