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| 1 | Tissue clearing of both hard and soft tissue organs with the PEGASOS method显示文摘织物空地技术由转织物在 3 尺寸(3-D ) 启用不透明的机关和纸巾的可视化透明。当前的组织空地方法被能与每个单个协议被清除的纸巾的有限类型限制,它不可避免地导致了存在在整个身体或身体部分成像以内盲点。包括骨头和牙齿的难纸巾仍然是要清除的最困难的机关。另外,内长的荧光的损失为基于溶剂的空地方法仍然是一颗主要担心。这里,我们发展了聚乙烯乙二醇(木钉) 联系了溶剂系统(PEGASOS ) ,它将近显示了纸巾的所有类型透明、保存的内长的荧光。骨头和牙齿能被转在变清以后将近不可见。PEGASOS 方法转了透明的整个成年老鼠身体,我们对一个成年老鼠头骨头,牙齿,大脑,肌肉,和其它填写了的图象有能力没有盲目区域的纸巾。难织物透明性使我们能重建在 3-D 的未经触动的上颚,牙齿,腿节,或膝关节。另外,我们在长距离上在亚 cellular 分辨率并且到踪迹个人神经原和轴突管理了未经触动的鼠标大脑到图象。我们也通过 vertebrae 直接设想了背面的根中心。最后,我们在长骨头的髓空间以内在 3-D 揭示了神经网络的分发模式。这些结果建议 PEGASOS 方法是为一般生物医学的研究的一个有用工具。 | Dian Jing Shiwen Zhang Wenjing Luo Xiaofei Gao Yi Men Chi Ma Xiaohua Liu Yating Yi Abhijit Bugde Bo O. Zhou Zhihe Zhao Quan Yuan Jian Q. Feng Liang Gao Woo-Ping Ge Hu Zhao | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，8： | 18 |
| 2 | Differential responses of short-term soil respiration dynamics to the experimental addition of nitrogen and water in the temperate semi-arid steppe of Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘We examined the effects of simulated rainfall and increasing N supply of different levels on CO2 pulse emission from typical Inner Mongolian steppe soil using the static opaque chamber technique, respectively in a dry June and a rainy August. The treatments included NH4NO3 additions at rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20 g N/(m2·year) with or without water. Immediately after the experimental simulated rainfall events, the CO2 effluxes in the watering plots without N addition(WCK) increased greatly and reached the maximum value at 2 hr. However, the efflux level reverted to the background level within 48 hr. The cumulative CO2 effluxes in the soil ranged from 5.60 to 6.49 g C/m2over 48 hr after a single water application, thus showing an increase of approximately 148.64% and 48.36% in the effluxes during both observation periods. By contrast, the addition of different N levels without water addition did not result in a significant change in soil respiration in the short term. Two-way ANOVA showed that the effects of the interaction between water and N addition were insignificant in short-term soil CO2 effluxes in the soil. The cumulative soil CO2fluxes of different treatments over 48 hr accounted for approximately 5.34% to 6.91% and 2.36% to 2.93% of annual C emission in both experimental periods. These results stress the need for improving the sampling frequency after rainfall in future studies to ensure more accurate evaluation of the grassland C emission contribution. | Yuchun Qi Xinchao Liu Yunshe Dong Qin Peng Yating He Liangjie Sun Junqiang Jia Congcong Cao | 2014 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2014，26，4： | 17 |
| 3 | Litter decomposition and C and N dynamics as affected by N additions in a semi-arid temperate steppe, Inner Mongolia of China显示文摘Litter decomposition is the fundamental process in nutrient cycling and soil carbon(C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems. The global-wide increase in nitrogen(N) inputs is expected to alter litter decomposition and,ultimately, affect ecosystem C storage and nutrient status. Temperate grassland ecosystems in China are usually N-deficient and particularly sensitive to the changes in exogenous N additions. In this paper, we conducted a 1,200-day in situ experiment in a typical semi-arid temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia to investigate the litter decomposition as well as the dynamics of litter C and N concentrations under three N addition levels(low N with 50 kg N/(hm2?a)(LN), medium N with 100 kg N/(hm2?a)(MN), and high N with 200 kg N/(hm2?a)(HN)) and three N addition forms(ammonium-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as ammonium sulfate(AS), nitrate-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as sodium nitrate(SN), and mixed-N-based with 100 kg N/(hm2?a) as calcium ammonium nitrate(CAN)) compared to control with no N addition(CK). The results indicated that the litter mass remaining in all N treatments exhibited a similar decomposition pattern: fast decomposition within the initial 120 days, followed by a relatively slow decomposition in the remaining observation period(120–1,200 days). The decomposition pattern in each treatment was fitted well in two split-phase models, namely, a single exponential decay model in phase I(<398 days) and a linear decay function in phase II(≥398 days). The three N addition levels exerted insignificant effects on litter decomposition in the early stages(<398 days, phase I; P>0.05). However, MN and HN treatments inhibited litter mass loss after 398 and 746 days, respectively(P<0.05). AS and SN treatments exerted similar effects on litter mass remaining during the entire decomposition period(P>0.05). The effects of these two N addition forms differed greatly from those of CAN after 746 and 1,053 days, respectively(P<0.05). During the decomposition period, N concentrations in the decomposing litter increased whereas C concentrations decreased, which also led to an exponential decrease in litter C:N ratios in all treatments. No significant effects were induced by N addition levels and forms on litter C and N concentrations(P>0.05). Our results indicated that exogenous N additions could exhibit neutral or inhibitory effects on litter decomposition, and the inhibitory effects of N additions on litter decomposition in the final decay stages are not caused by the changes in the chemical qualities of the litter, such as endogenous N and C concentrations. These results will provide an important data basis for the simulation and prediction of C cycle processes in future N-deposition scenarios. | Qin PENG YuChun QI YunShe DONG YaTing HE ShengSheng XIAO XinChao LIU LiangJie SUN JunQiang JIA ShuFang GUO CongCong CAO | 2014 | Journal of Arid Land2014，6，4： | 16 |
| 4 | Effects of a conversion from grassland to cropland on the different soil organic carbon fractions in Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘耕作是除放牧以外影响草地生态系统的最重要的人的活动之一,但是它土壤上的影响总计器官的碳(C) ,特别在有倾向的器官的 C 部分上还充分没被理解。在这份报纸,在土壤收割不同部分的器官的 C 水池的角色在中国,和在不同 C 部分之间的关系的内部蒙古在一个草地大草原区域被调查也被讨论。结果显示在大草原和栽培土地的不同 C 部分的集中都与土壤深度日益增多地减少了。在到为 36 年的春天小麦地的从大草原的变换以后,在 0~100 厘米土壤深度的全部的器官的碳( TOC )集中在12.3%~28.2%减少了,并且表面土壤地平线的 TOC ,特别那些更显著地 030 厘米减少了( p < 0.01 )。溶解的器官的碳(文档) 和在 040 厘米的深度的微生物引起的生物资源碳(MBC ) 被发现分别地在 66.7% ~ 77.1% 和 36.5% ~ 42.4% 减少了。在 S。baicalensis 大草原,春天小麦地里的到 TOC 的文档在 0.52% 和 0.60% 之间改变了的土壤的比率,和那些仅仅在 0.18%0.20% 的范围。在春天小麦的微生物引起的商(qMBs ) 回答,从 1.11% ~ 1.40% 变化,也是比在 S 的那些低的。baicalensis 大草原,它在 1.50%1.63% 的范围。文档的变化对耕作骚乱更敏感。土壤 TOC,文档,和 MBC 是显著地积极的在 S 与对方一起相关。baicalensis 大草原,但是在春天小麦地里,在文档之间的相互关系和在文档和 MBC 之间的 TOC 和那没到达 0.05 的意义水平。 | QI Yuchun DONG Yunshe PENG Qin XIAO Shengsheng HE Yating LIU Xinchao SUN Liangjie JIA Junqiang YANG Zhijie | 2012 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2012，22，2： | 13 |
| 5 | The Genesis Mechanism of the Mantle Fluid Action and Evolution in the Ore-Forming Process: A Case Study of the Laowangzhai Gold Deposit in Yunnan, China显示文摘Based on petrological studies of the wall rocks, mineralizing rocks, ores and veins from the Laowangzhai gold deposit, it is discovered that along with the development of silication, carbonation and sulfidation, a kind of black opaque ultra-microlite material runs through the spaces between grains, fissures and cleavages. Under observations of the electron microprobe, scanning electronic microscopy and energy spectrum, this kind of ultra-microlite material is confirmed to consist of ultra microcrystalline quartz, silicate, sulfides and carbonates, as well as rutile, scheelite and specularite (magnetite), showing characters of liquation by the analyses of SEM and energy spectrum. The coexistence of immiscibility and precipitating co-crystallization strongly suggests that the mineralizing fluid changed from the melt to the hydrothermal fluid. Combined with the element geochemical researches, it is realized that the ultra-microlite aggregate is the direct relics of the mantle fluid behaving like a melt and supercritical fluid, which goes along with the mantle-derived magma and will escape from the magma body at a proper time. During the alteration process, the nature of the mantle fluid changed and it is mixed with the crustal fluid, which are favorable for mineralization in the Loawangzhai gold deposit. | LIU Xianfan LI Chunhui LU Qiuxia DENG Biping SONG Xiangfeng ZHAO Fufeng CHU Yating XIAO Jixiong YI Liwen HUANG Yupeng | 2012 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2012，86，3： | 13 |
| 6 | Prognostic evaluation of postoperative adjuvant therapy for operable cervical cancer:10 years'experience of National Cancer Center in China显示文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic factors and to evaluate the impact of adjuvant therapy on clinical outcome for early-stage cervical cancer.Methods: The clinical-pathological data of all 1,335 patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO) Ib–IIa cervical cancer treated with primary radical surgery at the Chinese National Cancer Center between May 2007 and Dec 2013 were retrospectively reviewed.The median follow-up was 70 months.Results: Of all the patients,61.6% of the cases received adjuvant therapy,with 5-year disease-free survival(DFS)of 92.1% and 5-year overall survival(OS) of 95.0%.In multivariate analysis,differentiation of G3(P<0.05),lymph node metastasis(LNM,P<0.05) and lymphovascular space invasion(LVSI,P<0.05) were independent predictors for OS,while LNM(P<0.05),deep stroma invasion(DSI,P<0.05) and LVSI(P<0.05) were independent factors for DFS.The samples were stratified by histologic type,and cervical squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) was found to share the same independent factors except for differentiation of OS.As to patients with cervical adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma(AC/ASC),differentiation was the independent predictor of OS(P<0.05); and LVSI of DFS(P<0.05).Of 236 patients with high-risk factors,there was no significant difference in survival between concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT,n=195),radiotherapy(RT,n=24),and chemotherapy(CT,n=17).Among the 190 patients with LNM who underwent CCRT,124 cases showed improved DFS after sequential CT(P=0.118),with a recurrence rate decrease of 14%,though the difference was not statistically significant.Patients with single intermediate-risk factors like DSI or LVSI were found to partially benefit from adjuvant therapy,but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions: LNM,LVSI,DSI and differentiation were found to be independent prognostic factors for operable cervical cancer.Aggressive postoperative adjuvant therapy based on single risk factors in Chinese National Cancer Center could benefit survival.CCRT+CT outperformed CCRT in high-risk patients.For patients with single non-high-risk factor,the role of adjuvant therapy needs to be further discussed. | Tong Shu Dan Zhao Bin Li Yating Wang Shuanghuan Liu Pingping Li Jing Zuo Ping Ba i RongZhang Lingying Wu | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2017，29，6： | 12 |
| 7 | Spatial-temporal variation in soil respiration and its controlling factors in three steppes of Stipa L. in Inner Mongolia, China显示文摘Grassland is the largest terrestrial ecosystem in China. It is of great significance to measure accurately the soil respiration of different grassland types for the contribution evaluation of the Chinese terrestrial ecosystem’s carbon emission to the atmospheric CO2 concentration. A three-year (2005-2007) field experiment was carried out on three steppes of Stipa L. in the Xilin River Basin, Inner Mongolia, China, using a static opaque chamber technique. The seasonal and interannual variations of soil respiration rates were analyzed, and the annual total soil respiration of the three steppes was estimated. The numerical models between soil respiration and water-heat factors were established respectively. Similar seasonal dynamic and high annual and interannual variations of soil respiration were found in all of the three steppes. In the growing season, the fluctuation of soil respiration was particularly evident. The coefficients of variation (CVs) for soil respiration in different growing seasons ranged from 54% to 93%, and the annual CVs were all above 115%. The interannual CV of soil respiration progressively decreased in the order of Stipa grandis (S. grandis) steppe > Stipa baicalensis (S. baicalensis) steppe > Stipa krylovii (S. krylovii) steppe. The annual total soil respiration for the S. baicalensis steppe was 223.62?299.24 gC m-2 a-1, 150.62-226.99 gC m-2 a-1 for the S. grandis steppe, and 111.31–131.55 gC m-2 a-1 for the S. krylovii steppe, which were consistent with the precipitation gradient. The variation in the best fitting temperature factor explained the 63.5%, 73.0%, and 73.2% change in soil respiration in the three steppes at an annual time scale, and the corresponding Q10 values were 2.16, 2.98, and 2.40, respectively. Moreover, the Q10 values that were calculated by soil temperature at different depths all expressed a 10 cm > 5 cm > surface in the three sampling sites. In the growing season, the soil respiration rates were related mostly to the surface soil moisture, and the 95.2%, 97.4%, and 93.2% variations in soil respiration in the three steppes were explained by the change in soil moisture at a depth of 0-10 cm, respectively. | QI YuChun DONG YunShe LIU LiXin LIU XingRen PENG Qin XIAO ShengSheng HE YaTing | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 12 |
| 8 | Apatite Fission Track Evidence of Uplift Cooling in the Qiangtang Basin and Constraints on the Tibetan Plateau Uplift显示文摘The Qiangtang basin is located in the central Tibetan Plateau. This basin has an important structural position,and further study of its tectonic and thermal histories has great significance for understanding the evolution of the Tibetan Plateau and the hydrocarbon potential of marine carbonates in the basin. This study focuses on low temperature thermochronology and in particular conducted apatite fission track analysis. Under constraints provided by the geological background,the thermal history in different tectonic units is characterized by the degree of annealing of samples,and the timing of major(uplift-erosion related) cooling episodes is inferred. The cooling history in the Qiangtang basin can be divided into two distinct episodes. The first stage is mainly from the late Early Cretaceous to the Late Cretaceous(69.8 Ma to 108.7 Ma),while the second is mainly from the MiddleLate Eocene to the late Miocene(10.3 Ma to 44.4 Ma). The first cooling episode records the uplift of strata in the central Qiangtang basin caused by continued convergent extrusion after the BangongNujiang ocean closed. The second episode can be further divided into three periods,which are respectively 10.3 Ma,22.6–26.1 Ma and 30.8–44.4 Ma. The late Oligocene-early Miocene(22.6–26.1 Ma) is the main cooling period. The distribution and times of the earlier uplift-related cooling show that the effect of extrusion after the collision between Eurasian plate and India plate obviously influenced the Qiangtang basin at 44.4 Ma. The Qiangtang basin underwent compression and started to be uplifted from the middle-late Eocene to the early Oligocene(45.0–30.8 Ma). Subsequently,a large-scale and intensive uplift process occurred during the late Oligocene to early Miocene(26.1–22.6 Ma) and the basin continued to undergo compression and uplift up to the late Miocene(10.3 Ma). Thus,uplift-erosion in the Qiangtang basin was intensive from 44.5 Ma to about 10 Ma. The timing of cooling in the second episode shows that the uplift of the Qiangtang basin was caused by the strong compression after the collision of the Indian plate and Eurasian plate. On the whole,the new apatite fission-track data from the Qiangtang basin show that the Tibetan Plateau started to extrude and uplift during 45–30.8 Ma. The main period of uplift and formation of the Tibetan Plateau took place about 22.6–26.1 Ma,and uplift and extrusion continued until the late Miocene(10.3 Ma). | REN Zhanli CUI Junping LIU Chiyang LI Tiejun CHEN Gang DOU Shuang TIAN Tao LUO Yating | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，2： | 11 |
| 9 | Terahertz metasurface zone plates with arbitrary polarizations to a fixed polarization conversion显示文摘Metasurfaces that can realize the polarization manipulation of electromagnetic waves on the sub-wavelength scale have become an emerging research field.Here,a novel strategy of combining the metasurface and Fresnel zone plate to form a metasurface zone plate is proposed to realize the conversion from nearly arbitrary polarizations to a fixed polarization.Specifically,when one polarized wave is incident on adjacent ring zones constructed by different types of meta-atoms,the transmitted waves generated by odd-numbered and even-numbered ring zones converge at the same focus and superimpose to generate a fixed polarized wave.As function demonstrations,we have designed two types of metasurface zone plates:one is a focused linear polarizer,and the other can convert nearly arbitrary polarized waves into focused circularly polarized waves.The simulated and measured results are consistent with theoretical expectations,suggesting that the proposed concept is flexible and feasible.Our work provides an alternative platform for polarization manipulation and may vigorously promote the development of polarization photonic devices. | Zhen Yue Jitao Li Jie Li Chenglong Zheng Jingyu Liu Guocui Wang Hang Xu Mingyang Chen Yating Zhang Yan Zhang Jianquan Yao | 2022 | Opto-Electronic Science2022，1，3： | 9 |
| 10 | Dynamic phase assembled terahertz metalens for reversible conversion between linear polarization and arbitrary circular polarization显示文摘If a metalens integrates the circular polarization(CP)conversion function,the focusing lens together with circular-polariz-ing lens(CPL)in traditional cameras may be replaced by a metalens.However,in terahertz(THz)band,the reported metalenses still do not obtain the perfect and strict single-handed CP,because they were constructed via Pancharatnam-Berry phase so that CP conversion contained both left-handed CP(LCP)and right-handed CP(RCP)components.In this paper,a silicon based THz metalens is constructed using dynamic phase to obtain single-handed CP conversion.Also,we can rotate the whole metalens at a certain angle to control the conversion of multi-polarization states,which can simply manipulate the focusing for incident linear polarization(LP)THz wave in three polarization conversion states,in-cluding LP without conversion,LCP and RCP.Moreover,the polarization conversion behavior is reversible,that is,the THz metalens can convert not only the LP into arbitrary single-handed CP,but also the LCP and RCP into two perpen-dicular LP,respectively.The metalens is expected to be used in advanced THz camera,as a great candidate for tradi-tional CPL and focusing lens group,and also shows potential application in polarization imaging with discriminating LCP and RCP. | Jitao Li Guocui Wang Zhen Yue Jingyu Liu Jie Li Chenglong Zheng Yating Zhang Yan Zhang Jianquan Yao | 2022 | Opto-Electronic Advances2022，5，1： | 9 |
| 11 | Mechanisms of Solidification Structure Improvement of Ultra Pure 17 wt% Cr Ferritic Stainless Steel by Ti,Nb Addition显示文摘The grain structures and the precipitates in the solidification microstructure of the ultra pure 17 wt% Cr ferritic stainless steels with different Ti and/or Nb micro-alloying were investigated both experimentally and theoretically.It was found by the grain structure observation that the addition of Ti or Nb to the steel reduced the grain size (D) and elongation factor (E),and improved the equiaxed grain proportion (P) and globularity factor (ξ).Among the four steels studied,the minimum grain size and maximum equiaxed grain proportion were obtained by jointly adding both Ti and Nb to the steel.The SEM observation indicated that several kinds of precipitations,such as TiN,MC (rich in Nb),Laves phase (Fe2Nb) and so on,formed in the corresponding steels.In addition,the results calculated using the Thermo-Calc software illustrated that TiN precipitates in the liquid at proper Ti and N contents.Meanwhile,the solidification interval (△T) was enlarged by the addition of Ti or Nb,and the effectiveness of Nb was stronger than Ti.Based on the experimental and calculation results,the mechanisms of grain refinement and increment in equiaxed grain proportion were discussed. | Yating Shan Xinghong Luo Xiaoqiang Hu Shi Liu | 2011 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2011，27，4： | 7 |
| 12 | Separate lateral parametrial lymph node dissection improves detection rate of parametrial lymph node metastasis in early-stage cervical cancer: 10-year clinical evaluation in a single center in China显示文摘Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of separate lateral parametrial lymph node dissection(LPLND) in improving parametrial lymph node(PLN) and its metastasis detection rate during radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer.Methods: From July 2007 to August 2017, 2,695 patients with cervical cancer in stage IB1-IIA2 underwent radical hysterectomy were included. Of these patients, 368 underwent separate dissection of PLNs using the LPLND method, and 2,327 patients underwent conventional radical hysterectomy(CRH). We compared the surgical parameters, PLN detection rate and PLN metastasis rate between the two groups.Results: Compared with CRH group, the rate of laparoscopic surgery was higher(60.3% vs. 15.9%, P<0.001),and the blood transfusion rate was lower(19.0% vs. 29.0%, P<0.001) in the LPLND group. PLNs were detected in 356 cases(96.7%) in the LPLND group, and 270 cases(11.6%) in the CRH group(P<0.001), respectively. The number of PLNs detected in the LPLND group was higher than that in the CRH group(median 3 vs. 1, P<0.001).The PLN metastases were detected in 25 cases(6.8%) in the LPLND group, and 18 cases(0.8%) in the CRH group(P<0.001), respectively. In multivariable analysis, LPLND is an independent factor not only for PLN detection [odds ratio(OR)=228.999, 95% confidence interval(95% CI): 124.661-420.664;P<0.001], but also for PLN metastasis identification(OR=10.867, 95% CI: 5.381-21.946;P<0.001).Conclusions: LPLND is feasible and safe. The surgical method significantly improves the detection rate of PLN and avoids omission of PLN metastasis during radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer. | Dan Zhao Bin Li Shan Zheng Zhengjie Ou Yanan Zhang Yating Wang Shuanghuan Liu Gongyi Zhang Guangwen Yuan | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2020，32，6： | 7 |
| 13 | Limited energy parametrial resection/dissection during modified laparoscopic nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy显示文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using ultrasonic scalpel combined with vascular clip in parametrial management,called limited energy parametrial resection/dissection(LEPRD),in laparoscopic nerve plane-sparing radical hysterectomy(NPSRH),a modified nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy(NSRH); and to evaluate its effectiveness in pelvic autonomic nerve preservation.Methods: From July 2012 to January 2016,257 consecutive patients with stage IB1 to IIA2 cervical cancer who underwent NPSRH were included in this study.Patients were divided into three cohorts according to the different parametrial resection modality.The clinical,pathological and surgery-related parameters were compared between the three groups.Short-and long-term postoperative bladder functions were evaluated.Results: LEPRD was attempted in 94 patients,and was successful in 65(69.1%) patients(LEPRD group).The remaining 29(30.9%) patients required bipolar coagulation after failure of vascular clipping(combined modality group).Routine bipolar cautery was used in the other 163 patients during the parametrial resection(bipolar group).The blood loss in the LEPRD group was significantly lower than those in the other two groups(P<0.001).The rate of successful Foley removal on postoperative day 7 was significantly higher in the LEPRD group than in the bipolar group(P=0.022).The incidence of chronic voiding dysfunction was significantly lower in the LEPRD group than in the bipolar group(P=0.019).Conclusions: It is feasible to perform LEPRD in NPSRH for cervical cancers.This kind of limited energy surgical technique is associated with less blood loss,and leads to improved postoperative bladder function. | Dan Zhao Bin Li Yating Wang Shuanghuan Liu Yanan Zhang Gongyi Zhang | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Cancer Research2018，30，6： | 6 |
| 14 | Tandem catalysis in electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction显示文摘Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)is an attractive pathway for closing the anthropogenic carbon cycle and storing intermittent renewable energy by converting CO_(2) to valuable chemicals and fuels.The production of highly reduced carbon compounds beyond CO and formate,such as hydrocarbon and oxygenate products with higher energy density,is particularly desirable for practical applications.However,the productivity towards highly reduced chemicals is typically limited by high overpotential and poor selectivity due to the multiple electron-proton transfer steps.Tandem catalysis,which is extensively utilized by nature for producing biological macromolecules with multiple enzymes via coupled reaction steps,represents a promising strategy for enhancing the CO_(2)RR performance.Improving the efficiency of CO_(2)RR via tandem catalysis has recently emerged as an exciting research frontier and achieved significant advances.Here we describe the general principles and also considerations for designing tandem catalysis for CO_(2)RR.Recent advances in constructing tandem catalysts,mainly including bimetallic alloy nanostructures,bimetallic heterostructures,bimetallic core-shell nanostructures,bimetallic mixture catalysts,metal-metal organic framework(MOF)and metal-metallic complexes,metal-nonmetal hybrid nanomaterials and copper-free hybrid nanomaterials for boosting the CO_(2)RR performance are systematically summarized.The study of tandem catalysis for CO_(2)RR is still at the early stage,and future research challenges and opportunities are also discussed. | Yating Zhu Xiaoya Cui Huiling Liu Zhenguo Guo Yanfeng Dang Zhanxi Fan Zhicheng Zhang Wenping Hu | 2021 | Nano Research2021，14，12： | 5 |
| 15 | Genome Editing as A Versatile Tool to Improve Horticultural Crop Qualities显示文摘The quality traits of horticultural crops,including the accumulation of nutrients and flavor substances,morphology,and texture,affect the palatability and nutritional value.For many years,efforts have been made to improve the quality of horticultural crops.The recent establishment of gene editing technology,with its potential applications in horticultural crops,provides a strategy for achieving this goal in a rapid and efficient manner.Here,we summarize research efforts aimed at improving horticultural crop quality through genome editing.We describe specific genome editing systems that have been used and traits that have been targeted in these efforts.Additionally,we discuss limiting factors and future perspectives of genome editing technology in improving horticultural crop qualities in both research and plant breeding.In summary,genome editing technology is emerging as a powerful tool for efficiently and rapidly improving horticultural crop quality,and we believe that the cautious application of genome editing in horticultural crops will generate new germplasms with improved quality in the near future. | Yating Chen Wenwen Mao Ting Liu Qianqian Feng Li Li Bingbing Li | 2020 | Horticultural Plant Journal2020，6，6： | 5 |
| 16 | Terahertz wavefront shaping with multi-channel polarization conversion based on all-dielectric metasurface显示文摘Polarization manipulation of electromagnetic wave or polarization multiplexed beam shaping based on metasurfaces has been reported in various frequency bands.However,it is difficult to shape the beam with multi-channel polarization conversion in a single metasurface.Here,we propose a new method for terahertz wavefront shaping with multi-channel polarization conversion via all-silicon metasurface,which is based on the linear shape birefringence effect in spatially interleaved anisotropic meta-atoms.By superimposing the eigen-and non-eigen-polarization responses of the two kinds of meta-atoms,we demonstrate the possibility for high-efficiency evolution of several typical polarization states with two independent channels for linearly polarized waves.The measured polarization conversion efficiency is higher than 70%in the range of 0.9–1.3 THz,with a peak value of 89.2%at 1.1 THz.In addition,when more other polarization states are incident,combined with the integration of sub-arrays,we can get more channels for both polarization conversion and beam shaping.Simulated and experimental results verify the feasibility of this method.The proposed method provides a new idea for the design of terahertz multi-functional metadevices. | JIE LI CHENGLONG ZHENG JITAO LI GUOCUI WANG JINGYU LIU ZHEN YUE XUANRUO HAO YUE YANG FUYU LI TINGTING TANG YATING ZHANG YAN ZHANG JIANQUAN YAO | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，10： | 5 |
| 17 | The effect of Fe-Mn minerals and seawater interface and enrich-ment mechanism of ore-forming elements of polymetallic crusts and nodules from the South China Sea显示文摘Ferromanganese crusts and nodules are important submarine mineral resources that contain various metal elements with significant economic value. In this study, polymetallic crusts and nodules obtained from the South China Sea(SCS) were determined by using X-ray power diffraction(XRD), Raman spectroscopy(RS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) to systematically investigate and analyze the mineralogical and spectral characteristics of the Fe-Mn minerals. XRD measurements revealed that the SCS polymetallic crusts and nodules were composed of vernadite, quartz, and plagioclase. The nodules also contained todorokite. The Fe-phase minerals of the SCS crusts and nodules were composed of amorphous Fe oxide/hydroxide, and the Mn-and Fe-phases minerals exhibited relatively poor degrees of crystallization. FTIR results showed that the Fe-Mn minerals in the crusts and nodules included a large number of surface hydroxyl groups. These surface hydroxyl groups contained protons that could provide reactive sites for complexation of ore-forming elements in seawater. XPS results indicated that the surfaces of the Fe-Mn minerals mainly contained Fe, Mn, and O. Fe was present in the trivalent oxidation state, while Mn, which may contain several bivalent oxidation state, was present in the tetravalent and trivalent oxidation states. The SCS polymetallic crusts and nodules were compared with Pacific seamount crusts, and results showed that the surface hydroxyl(-OH) groups of the SCS crusts and nodules numbered more than the lattice oxygen(O^(2-)). But the lattice oxygen of Pacific seamount crusts numbered more than the surface hydroxyl groups. This characteristic indicated that the degree of crystallization of Fe-Mn minerals from the Pacific Ocean was higher than that of minerals from the South China Sea. Comprehensive studies showed that ore-forming elements in the interface between seawater and the Fe-Mn minerals in the submarine ferromanganese crusts and nodules employed the following enrichment mechanisms:(1) the metal ion complexed with the surface hydroxyl of Fe-Mn minerals to form hydroxyl complexes, which were connected by coordination bonds or stable inner-sphere complexes that exchanged protons on the mineral surfaces;(2) the charged surfaces of the minerals and metal cations formed outer-sphere complexes, which made up the electrostatic double layer, through electrostatic adsorption; and(3) the metal cations isomorphously exchanged the Mn and Fe ions of the mineral lattice structure. | GUAN Yao SUN Xiaoming IANG Xiaodong SA Rina ZHOU Li HUANG Yi LIU Yating LI Xiaojie LU Rongfei WANG Chi | 2017 | Acta Oceanologica Sinica2017，36，6： | 4 |
| 18 | Direct site-specific treatment of skin cancer using doxorubicin-loaded nanofibrous membranes显示文摘Doxorubicin(DOX) is widely used in cancer therapy. However, its application is sometimes limited by its adverse cardiotoxicity and delivery pathways. In our study, we prepared a topical implantable delivery device for controlled drug release and site-specific treatment. The core region consisted of poly(lactic co-glycolic acid) and poly-caprolactone, whereas the shell region was composed of cross-linked gelatin.DOX was enclosed in the core region of a core-shell nanofiber obtained by electrospinning. This implantable delivery device was implanted on the top of the melanoma in a mouse model, which had shown a DOX-controlled release profile with sustained and sufficient local concentration against melanoma growth in mice with negligible side effects. Compared with the traditional intravenous administration,the implantable device allows precisely localized treatment and therefore can reduce the dose, decrease the injection frequency, and ensure antitumor efficacy associated with lower side effects to normal tissues. Using a coaxial electrospinning process, it is promising to deliver different hydrophobic or hydrophilic drugs for direct tumor site-specific therapy without large systemic doses and minimized systemic toxicity. | Mengyu Guo Guoqiang Zhou Zhu Liu Jing Liu Jinglong Tang Yating Xiao Wenshi Xu Ying Liu Chunying Chen | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，2： | 4 |
| 19 | Routing valley exciton emission of a WS_(2) monolayer via delocalized Bloch modes of in-plane inversion-symmetry-broken photonic crystal slabs显示文摘The valleys of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)offer a new degree of freedom for information processing.To take advantage of this valley degree of freedom,on the one hand,it is feasible to control valleys by utilizing different external stimuli,such as optical and electric fields.On the other hand,nanostructures are also used to separate the valleys by near-field coupling.However,for both of the above methods,either the required low-temperature environment or low degree of coherence properties limit their further applications.Here,we demonstrate that all-dielectric photonic crystal(PhC)slabs without in-plane inversion symmetry(C_(2) symmetry)can separate and route valley exciton emission of a WS2 monolayer at room temperature.Coupling with circularly polarized photonic Bloch modes of such PhC slabs,valley photons emitted by a WS_(2) monolayer are routed directionally and are efficiently separated in the far field.In addition,far-field emissions are directionally enhanced and have long-distance spatial coherence properties. | Jiajun Wang Han Li Yating Ma Maoxiong Zhao Wenzhe Liu Bo Wang Shiwei Wu Xiaohan Liu Lei Shi Tian Jiang Jian Zi | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020，9，1： | 4 |
| 20 | The petrographical and isotope geochemical tracers for deep ore-forming fluids from the Laowangzhai gold depoist in the northern part of the Ailao Mountains显示文摘Based on the petrological studies of wall rocks, mineralized rocks, ores and veins from the Laowangzhai gold deposit, it is discovered that with the development of silification, carbonation and sulfidation, a kind of black opaque ultracrystalline material runs through the space between grains and amphibole cleavages, which is the product of fast condensing consolidation with magma mantle fluids turning into hydrothermal crustal fluids in the process of mineralization and alteration. It is thought that the water in ore-forming fluids mainly derived from magmatic water through research on H-O isotopes, and C as well as S isotopic compositions, has clear mantle-derived characteristics, and rock (mine) stones contain high 87Sr/86 Sr ratios, low 143Nd/144 Nd ratios and high 206Pb/204 Pb ratios, which also reflects the ore-forming fluids were derived from the metasomatically enriched mantle. In combination with the features of H-O-C-S isotopes and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes described above, the ore-forming fluids of the Laowangzhai gold deposit in the northern part of the Ailao Mountains were derived mainly from the deep interior of the mantle, and their properties were transformed from magma fluids to hydrothermal fluids in the course of metasomatism and alteration, which initiated crust-mantle contamination simultaneously to be in favor of mineralization. | DENG Biping LIU Xianfan ZHANG Min LU Qiuxia ZHAO Fufen LI Chunhui CHU Yating XU Yaoyao TIAN Xiaomin LI Hui | 2013 | Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry2013，32，3： | 4 |
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