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| 1 | Effects of N Forms and Rates on Vegetable Growth and Nitrate Accumulation显示文摘Experiments were carried out on a vegetable field with Peking cabbage (Brassica pekinensis (Lour.)Rupr.), cabbage (Brassica chinensis var. Oleifera Makino and nemoto), green cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and rape (Brassica campestris L.) to study the effects of N forms and N rates on their growth and nitrate accumulation. The results indicated that application of ammonium chloride,ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and urea significantly increased the yields and nitrate concentrations of Peking cabbage and spinach. Although no significant difference was found in the yields after application of the 4 N forms, nitrate N increased nitrate accumulation in vegetables much more than ammonium N. The vegetable yields were not increased continuously with N rate increase, and oversupply of N reduced the plant growth, leading to a yield decline. This trend was also true for nitrate concentrations in some vegetables and at some sampling times. However, as a whole, the nitrate concentrations in vegetables were positively correlated with N rates. Thus, addition of N fertilizer to soil was the major cause for increases in nitrate concentrations in vegetables. Nitrate concentrations were much higher in roots, stems and petioles than in blades at any N rate. | WANG Zhao-Hui and LI Sheng-XiuCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100 (China). E-mail: w-zhaohui@263.net | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 54 |
| 2 | STUDY ON THE DYNAMIC PROCESS OF RILL EROSION OF LOESS SLOPE SURFACE显示文摘Rill erosion is a dominant process of morphological evolution of the Loess Plateau in China, and deliveries much loess sediment to rivers. Data from two flume experiments conducted on the bare and glass-covered beds indicated that the till flow develops into a series of rolling waves. The shear stress on the rill bed distributes unevenly both spatially and temporally. A new method based on the energy conservation law is proposed in this study. Thus the relationship between the runoff energy consumption from the interaction of water flow and slope bed and soil detachment is formulated. The results showed that the data for the soil detachment rate on slope (Dr) and the energy consumption of runoff (E1) fitted well with newly-developed function. The till erosion occurs when the runoff energy consumption exceeds a critical value. | Zhanbin LI 1.2 Kexin LU2 and Wenfeng DING1 1 The State key Laboratory of Loess Plateau and Dry Land Farming, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R.China. 2 Xi’an University of Technology, 710048, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R.China. | 2001 | International Journal of Sediment Research2001，16，2： | 9 |
| 3 | Assessing and regulating the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Heihe watershed on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘Climate change can cause considerable changes in water resources and assessing the potential impacts can provide important information for regional sustainable development. The objectives were to evaluate the possible impacts of climate change during 2010-2039 on water resources (runoff, soil water content, and evapotranspiration) in the Heihe watershed on the Loess Plateau of China and to further explore adaptive measures to cope with the changes. Projections of four climate models (CCSR/NIES, CGCM2, CSIRO-Mk2, and HadCM3) under three emission scenarios (A2, B2, and GGa) were used to estimate future changes in precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature based on Change Factor method. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was employed to simulate the hydrologic responses to climate changes. The CA-Markov model was used to develop land use scenarios. Compared with the present climate, the climate models predicted a -2.3% to 7.8% change in annual precipitation, 0.7 to 2.2°C rises in maximum temperature, and 1.2 to 2.8°C rises in minimum temperature. Without consideration of land use change, SWAT predicted a -19.8% to 37.0% change for runoff, -5.5% to 17.2% change for soil water content, and 0.1% to 5.9% increase for evapotranspiration during 2010–2039 under all climate scenarios. Though the change of hydrometeorolocial variables are complex, they would possibly increase with great probability, and the hydrological regime would be influenced such as a decrease in runoff in winter months. With land use changes, the projected land use of 2015 would increase soil water content by 4.0% and surface runoff by 5.7% while slightly decrease evapotranspiration by 0.6% compared with the 2000 land use. This result showed that adjustment of land use patterns was capable of regulating water resources and could be used to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. | LI Zhi1,2, LIU WenZhao2, ZHANG XunChang3 & ZHENG FenLi2 1 College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China 2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China 3 USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory, 73036, El Reno, Oklahoma, USA | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 9 |
| 4 | Effects of Ultra-drying on Viability and Physiological Characteristics of Platycladus orientalis Seed from Arid and Semiarid Areas of Northwest China显示文摘In order to supply quality seed for vegetation restoration in arid and semiarid areas of Northwest China, the effects of Platycladus orientalis seed storage under ultra-drying and accelerated aging were studied. The seeds were dried from 6.8% to 5.1%, 4.4%, 3.7% and 2.2% MC, respectively, in a desiccator with the silica gel. The germination energy, germination percentage, germination index and vigor index of the seed were investigated. After ultra-drying, groups of seeds were carried on the accelerated aging tests in an oven at 50 oC for 10, 20 and 30 d , respectively, and the physiological indexes, including relative conductivity, dehydrogenase activity and α-amylase activity were tested. The results show that the ultra-dried seeds with 3.7% MC have the highest germination energy, germination percentage, germination index and vigor index. After aging, the dehydrogenase activity and α-amylase activity of the group of seeds of 3.7% MC were higher than those of 6.8%, while the relative conductivity of the group of 3.7% is lower than that of 6.8%. It is feasible to ultra- dry the seeds with 3.7% MC. | HOU Longyu1,2 DUAN Xinfang2 Li Qingmei3 LIU Guangquan4 MA Fengyun1 1. Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P.R. China 2. Research Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 3. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 4. Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China | 2008 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2008，7，1： | 9 |
| 5 | Crop Yield Response to Water and Fertilizer in Loess Tableland of China:A Field Research显示文摘CropYieldResponsetoWaterandFertilizerinLoessTablelandofChina:AFieldResearchLIUWEN-ZHAOandLIYU-SHAN(StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilEr... | LIU WEN-ZHAO and LI YU-SHAN(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erusion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest Institute of Soiland Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 (China) ) | 1995 | Pedosphere1995，5，3： | 7 |
| 6 | Effect of apple production base on regional water cycle in Weibei upland of the Loess Plateau显示文摘Weibei upland, located in southern part of the Loess Plateau, is a commercial apple production base in China. The enlargement of apple-planting area has a great impact on the regional water cycle. The effects of different land use on hydrological parameters are compared and studied in this paper. The main results are as follows: (1) The initial and steady infiltration rates in apple orchard are higher than those in other land use types such as grassland, idle land and farmland. Their initial rates of infiltration are 0.823 cm/min, 0.215 cm/min, 0.534 cm/min and 0.586 cm/min in apple orchard, grassland, idle land and farmland respectively. Their steady infiltration rates are 0.45 cm/min, 0.038 cm/min, 0.191 cm/min and 0.155 cm/min respectively. (2) There is no runoff generated in plot of apple orchard in all 8 storm events in observed natural rainfalls, while runoff is generated in winter wheat plot, corn plot and alfalfa plot with runoff coefficients of 2.39%, 1.58% and 0.31% respectively. (3) The transpiration of apple trees is strong and thus soil moisture is gradually depleted. The average soil water contents in 3-9 m soil profile in Changwu plots with apple trees of 14 and 32 years in age are 11.77% and 11.59% and in Luochuan plots with those of 15 and 28 years in age are 11.7% and 11.59% respectively, which are nearly 9.0% of wilting moisture of Changwu soil and 8.6% of wilting moisture of Luochuan soil. The pathway of rainfall percolating to groundwater is hindered by dry soil profile. | HUANG Ming-bin~1, HE Fu-hong~2, YANG Xin-min~1, LI Yu-shan~1 (1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS, Yangling 712100, China 2. Northwest Sci-tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China) | 2001 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2001，11，2： | 7 |
| 7 | Role and Mechanism of Integrin-linked Kinase in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Allograft Nephropathy显示文摘 | YuxinWang Hequn Zou Tianyu Lv Yangling Shi Ling Chen Wenying Zhou Qingqin Li | 2007 | 器官移植内科学杂志2007，2，4： | 4 |
| 8 | Relation of Mineralizable N to Organic N Components in Dark Loessial Soils显示文摘Mineralizable N and organic N components in different layers (0~15, 15~30, 30~45, 45~60, 60~80 and80~100 em) of six soils with different fertilities sampled from Yongshou County, Shaanxi Province, China,were determined by the aerobic incubation method and the Bremner procedure, respectively. Correlation,multiple regression and path analyses were performed to study the relation of mineralizable N to organic Ncomponents. Results of correlation and regression analyses showed that the amounts of the N mineralizedwere parallel to, and significantly correlated with, the total acid hydrolyzable N, but was not so with the acid-insoluble N. Of the hydrolyzable N, the amino acid N and the ammonia N had a highly consistent significantcorrelation with the mineralized N, and their partial regression coefficients were significant in the regressionequations, showing their importance in contribution to the mineralizable N. The amino sugar N, on the otherhand, had a relatively high correlation with the mineralized N, but their partial regression coefficients werenot significant in the regression equations. In contrast, the hydrolyzable unknown N had no such relations.Path analysis further indicated that the amino acid N and ammonia N made great direct contributions tothe mineralized N, but the contributions of the amino sugar N were very low. These strongly suggested thatthe mineralized N in the soils tested was mainly from the hydrolyzable N, particularly the amino acid N andammonia N which are the major sources for its production. | LI JUMEI and LI SHENGXIUCollege of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 (China) | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，3： | 4 |
| 9 | Erosion environment in the sediment-rich area on the Loess Plateau显示文摘Based on the investigation and analysis of characteristics of precipitation, natural environment, socio-economic factors and soil erosion, this paper indicates that the precipitation is the main driving force for the soil erosion in the sediment-rich area, its variability determines the characteristics of soil and water loss; the natural conditions such as the drainage systems, geological and topographic features, the composition of soil and land surface materials, vegetation and climate determine the seriousness of soil and water loss; irrational socio-economic activities of human beings usually accelerated soil and water loss; meanwhile, the low preservation rate and inferiority of soil and water conservation measures made it impossible to make rapid progress on soil and water loss control. Furthermore, the characteristics of erosion environment endowed this area with more sediment that is the main reason for the flooding disasters by the Yellow River. Therefore, more emphasis should be placed on the enhancement of soil and water conservation. The soil loss prediction models will provide scientific basis for the planning of soil and water conservation, the designing of soil and water conservation measures and the valuation of effects of soil and water loss control. According to the analysis of the previous studies on soil loss prediction, and the water-sediment variation features, it is thought that study on soil loss prediction under various rainfall conditions and soil-water conservation measures should be carried out. | JIAO Ju-ying, LI Jing, WANG Wan-zhong (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS and Ministry of Water Resources Northwest Sci-techonology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China) | 2002 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2002，12，1： | 3 |
| 10 | Effect of Cryopreservation on Germination of Seeds of Amorpha fruticosa and Platycladus orientalis显示文摘In order to explore the feasibility of cryopreservation storage on forest tree seeds, germination of Amorpha fruticosa and Platycladus orientalis seeds with moisture content (MC) changing was tested after storage in liquid nitrogen of -196 oC for 30 d. The results showed that both species of seeds can keep high germination percentage after cryopreservation. For A. fruticosa, the germination percentage of seeds was the highest when 4.1% MC was used for storage, and for P. orientalis it was the highest when 6.0% MC was used for storage. It is feasible for both species of seeds to be stored in liquid nitrogen. | HOU Longyu1, 2 DUAN Xinfang2** LI Qingmei3 ** LIU Guangquan4 ZHANG Junfeng2, 5 1. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P. R. China 2. Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 3. Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P. R. China 4. Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, P. R. China 5. College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China | 2008 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2008，7，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Origin and evolution of new exons in the rodent zinc fingerprotein 39 gene显示文摘The origin of new structures and functions is an important process in evolution. In the past decades, we have obtained some preliminary knowledge of the origin and evo- lution of new genes. However, as the basic unit of genes, the origin and evolution of exons remain unclear. Because young exons retain the footprints of origination, they can be good materials for studying origin and evolution of new exons. In this paper, we report two young exons in a zinc finger protein gene of rodents. Since they are unique sequences in mouse and rat genome and no homologous sequences were found in the orthologous genes of human and pig, the young exons might originate after the divergence of primates and rodents through exonization of intronic sequences. Strong positive selection was detected in the new exons between mouse and rat, suggesting that these exons have undergone significant functional divergence after the separation of the two species. On the other hand, population genetics data of mouse dem- onstrate that the new exons have been subject to functional constraint, indicating an important function of the new exons in mouse. Functional analyses suggest that these new exons encode a nuclear localization signal peptide, which may me- diate new ways of nuclear protein transport. To our knowl- edge, this is the first example of the origin and evolution of young exons. | PENG Lixin1,2*, ZHENG Hongkun3*, LI Xin1,2, YANG Shuang2,4, CHEN Hong1,5 & WANG Wen2 1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest Sci-Tech Uni- versity of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China 2. CAS-Max Planck Junior Scientist Group, Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China 3. Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101300, China 4. Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039 China 5. Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Xuzhou Normal Univer- sity, Xuzhou 221116, China Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Wen (email: wwang@ mail.kiz.ac.cn) | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，11： | 3 |
| 12 | The Maturation and Senescence in Relation to Ca^2+,CaMContent and Ca^2+-ATPase Activity and Active OxygenMetabolism in Strawberry Fruits显示文摘The changes in content of Ca2 + and CaM, Ca2 + -ATPase activity and active oxygen metabolism during strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch. cv. Chunxing) fruits maturation and senescence were investigated in this study. The results showed that the soluble Ca2 + content and SOD activity in fruits tended to decline and O2.-production rate to increase, the Ca2+ -ATPase activity peaked at first and then declined during fruits maturation and senescence. There were the highest CaM content at white stage in preharvest fruits and at marked senescence stage in postharvest ones. The above biochemical changes in fruits stored at low temperature (4℃) were slower than those stored at normal temperature(25℃ ). Thus, it indicated that the stimulation of calcium messenger system and accumulation of active oxygen free radical were closely related to fruits maturation and senescence. | GUAN Jun-feng, GAO Min, FAN Xiu-cai, GU Cai-qin, LI Guang-min and ZHANG Ji-shu(Institute of Agro-Physics , Plant Physiology and Biochemistry , Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences ,Shijiazhuang 050051 , P. R . China College of Life Sciences , Northwestern Science and Technology Universityof Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100 , P.R.China) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，10： | 3 |
| 13 | Dynamics of Nutrient Accumulation in Maize Plants Under Different Water and N Supply Conditions显示文摘The dynamics of accumulations of plant dry matter, nutrient uptake and N fertilizer recoverywere studied with different water and N supply, using summer maize (Zea mays L. var. Shandang) as an indi-cator crop. The total dry matter (including roots) and N, P, K uptake amounts were continuously increasedwith plant growth, and their accumulations with time during plant-growing period were shaped in S curves thatcould be described by exponential regression equations. Differentiating the regression equations fitting thecurves over time for first derivatives, the momentary rate was obtained of the dry matter and nutrient uptake.Results show that the dry matter and the nutrient uptake were not in the same rate at all time, but changedfrom one time to another. Usually, the rate increased rapidly at early stages, and gradually decreased afterreaching their peak. Of N, P and K, the uptake rate of N and K was higher, and their increase and decreasewere both fast while P was reversed. The time of the maximum absorptive rate appeared earlier for K, fol-lowed by N, and then by P. In any case, the maximum nutrient uptake rate appeared earlier than did the drymatter. The momentary N recovery rate was similar in trend to those of dry matter and N uptake, and its max-imum recovery rate occurred almost at the same time as its maximum uptake rate. Supplemental irrigationraised the cumulative and momentary rates of N. Although water and N supplies increased dry matter and nu-trient uptake rates, they did not alter their changing trends during the plant-growing period. | SONG Hai-xing and LI Sheng-xiu(Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100 , P. R. China) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，12： | 3 |
| 14 | Effects of Microtubule Polymerization Inhibitor on the Hypersensitive Response of Wheat Induced by the Non-Host Pathogen Sphaerotheca fuliginea显示文摘The plant cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic and versatile intracellular scaffold composed of microtubules and microfilaments, serving a multiplicity of functions in plant cells. To reveal the relationship between the cytoskeleton in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Suwon 11 attacked by the non-host pathogen Sphaerotheca fuliginea and the initiation of the hypersensitive response, the microtubule inhibitor oryzalin was injected into the wheat leaves immediately prior to inoculation. The incidence of hypersensitive cell death was significantly lower than that in water-treated control. In addition, the occurrence of hypersensitive cell death was also delayed and S. fuliginea was able to penetrate and form haustoria in epidermal tissues of wheat. All the results above indicated that hypersensitive cell death was associated with depolymerisation of microtubules, suggesting that microtubules might play an important role in the expression of non-host resistance of wheat. | LI Hong-li, WANG Hai-yan, HAO Xin-yuan, SONG Xiao-he and MA Qing College of Plant Protection and Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management, Ministry of Education, Yangling 712100, P.R.China | 2010 | Agricultural Sciences in China2010，9，3： | 3 |
| 15 | Effects of Ultra-drying on Vigor and Physiological characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides Seeds显示文摘Studies of ultra-drying and accelerated aging on Hippophae rhamnoides seeds from the arid and semiarid areas of northwest China were conducted. The results showed that H. rhamnoides seeds had higher desiccation endurance. When seeds were desiccated to 26 g/kg, their germination percentage, vigor indices and enzyme activity could be retained. After 30-day accelerated aging, ultra-dried seeds had better anti-aging ability and storability compared to natural dried seeds, and the best choice for the MC of seed was 34 g/kg. Accordingly, ultra-drying treatment could improve the storability. | LIU Yan1 LIU Guangquan1, 2, 3 LI Qingmei4 DUAN Xinfang5 HOU Longyu1 1. International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation, Beijing 100048, P.R. China 2. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100048, P.R. China 3. Northwest Agricultural and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China 4. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 5. Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China | 2010 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2010，9，1： | 3 |
| 16 | NH3 Volatilization from Aboveground Plants of Winter Wheat During Late Growing Stages显示文摘Ammonia volatilized from aboveground parts of winter wheat was collected with an enclosuregrowth chamber and measured from jointing to maturing stage. The results showed that ammonia releasedfrom unfertilized plants grown in high and low fertility soils remained at low rates of 2.3 and 0.9 μg NH3 40plant-1 h-1 respectively at late filling stage. However, fertilized plants rapidly increased the rates to 43.4 and52.2 μg NH3 40 plant-1 h-1 in the high and low fertility soils, respectively, at the same period. The released a-mount was different in different parts of plants. At filling stage, lower senescing stems and leaves volatilizedmore ammonia than upper parts, i.e. , ears and flag leaves that grew normally, with an average of 1.4 and0.7 μg NH3 20 plant-1 h-1 respectively, strongly suggesting that it was the senile organs that released largeamounts of ammonia. At the grain filling stage, shortage of water supply (drought stress) reduced ammoniavolatilization. The average rate of ammonia released under water stress was 0.9 μg NH3 40 plant-1 h-1 , but 1.2μg NH3 40 plant-1 h-1 with moderate water supply. Application of N together with P fertilizer resulted in ahigher ammonia volatilization than N fertilization alone at the maturing stage. The average rate released was135.3 μg NH3 40 plant-1 h-1 when 0.4 g N and 0.13 g P had been added to per kg soil, while 33.7 μg when0.4 g N added alone. Ammonia volatilization from plants was closely related with plant biomass and N up-take; P fertilization increased plant biomass and N uptake and therefore increased its release. | WANG Zhao-hui and LI Sheng-xiuCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agricultureand Forestry, Yangling 712100, P. R. China | 2003 | Agricultural Sciences in China2003，2，4： | 2 |
| 17 | Changes in Germination and Physiological Characteristics of Seeds of Robinia pesudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis during Artificial Ageing显示文摘In order to study seed quality changes of main afforestation species under high temperature and high relative humidity, the deterioration mechanism of seeds of Robinia pesudoacacia and Pinus tabulaeformis from arid and semiarid areas of Northern China was elucidated in this study. The seeds were artificially aged for 2 and 6 d at the temperature of 45 oC and the relative humidity (RH) of 50%, 75% and 100% , respectively. The results showed that the germinability decreased and the cell membrane deteriorated with the artificial ageing. The decrease in germinability was well correlated with the decreased activities of dehydrogenase and α-amylase. After 6-day accelerated ageing, the seed germination and the activities of dehydrogenase and α-amylase decreased to a great extent for both species of seeds. The results suggest that seed deterioration during accelerated ageing is closely related to the increase of relative conductivity and the decrease of dehydrogenase and α-amylase activities. | HOU Longyu1, 2 DUAN Xinfang2** LI Qingmei3** LIU Guangquan4 ZHANG Junfeng2, 5 1. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, P.R. China 2. Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 3. Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 4. Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China 5. College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China | 2008 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2008，7，4： | 2 |
| 18 | MODELING OF INTERRILL EROSION INTHE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA显示文摘Based on the field plots data from simulated rainfall experiments, a theoretical model for calculating the kinetic energy of a single raindrop was developed in the Loess Plateau of China Formulae for both single raindrops and rainfall events are presented in this paper.Analysis shows that overland flow and the area producing runoff on the land surface increase with the duration of rainfall, while the effects of raindrop impact on the surface of the hillslope decrease. The rate of interrill erosion decreases gradually with the rainfall duration. A physically-based formula to calculating the area of runoff production is also given in this paper The overland flow and canopy affect jointly the interrill erosion processes. The paper presents an equation to quantitatively evaluate the effect. It is concluded thats (1) the peak rate of interrill erosion is related to rainfall intensity, rainfall kinetic energy, and slope; and (2) the average rate of interrill erosion during an individual time period for variable rainfall intensity varies with the rainfall intensity, rainfall duration and runoff producing area. | Zhanbin LI Mingan SHAO & Zhanli WANG Bing SHEA (Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water resources. Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China Xi’an University of Technology , Xi’an , Shaanxi 710048, China) | 1999 | International Journal of Sediment Research1999，14，2： | 2 |
| 19 | DYRK1A suppression restrains Mcl-1 expression and sensitizes NSCLC cells to Bd-2 inhibitors显示文摘Objective:Mcl-1 overexpression confers acquired resistance to Bcl-2 inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),but no direct Mcl-1 inhibitor is currently available for clinical use.Thus,novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed to target Mcl-1 and sensitize the anti-NSCLC activity of Bcl-2 inhibitors.Methods:Cell proliferation was measured using sulforhodamine B and colony formation assays,and apoptosis was detected with Annexin V-FITC staining.Gene expression was manipulated using siRNAs and plasmids.Real-time PCR and Western blot were used to measure mRNA and protein levels.Immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence were used to analyze co-localization o f dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A(DYRK1A)and Mcl-1.Results:Suppression of DYRK1A resulted in reduced Mcl-1 expression in NSCLC cells,whereas overexpression of DYRK1A significantly increased Mcl-1 expression.Suppression of DYRK1A did not alter Mcl-1 mRNA levels,but did result in an accelerated degradation o f Mcl-1 protein in NSCLC cells.Furthermore,DYRK1A mediated proteasome-dependent degradation o f Mcl-1 in NSCLC cells,and DYRK1A co-localized with Mcl-1 in NSCLC cells and was co-expressed with Mcl-1 in tumor samples from lung cancer patients,suggesting that Mcl-1 may be a novel DYRK1A substrate.We showed that combined therapy with harmine and Bcl-2 antagonists significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in NSCLC cell lines as well as primary NSCLC cells.Conclusions:Mcl-1 is a novel DYRK1A substrate,and the role of DYRK1A in promoting Mcl-1 stability makes it an attractive target for decreasing Bcl-2 inhibitor resistance. | Yangling Li Dongmei Zhou Shuang Xu Mingjun Rao Zuoyan Zhang Linwen Wu Chong Zhang Nengming Lin | 2020 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2020，17，2： | 2 |
| 20 | Physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil显示文摘Plant roots have potential impacts on soil mineral weathering and leaching. Our objective is to understand the physical mechanisms of plant roots affecting weathering and leaching of loess soil. Root densities were measured through the method of a large-size dug profile, and transport fluxes of soil elements were determined using an undisturbed monolith soil infiltration device on the hilly and gully regions of the Chinese Loess Plateau. The results show that the improvement effects of soil environment by plant roots are mainly controlled by the density and weight of the fibrous roots with the diameters less than 1 mm. Plant roots have the stronger effects on soil physical properties than chemical properties. The principal components analysis (PCA) indicates that soil physical properties by plant roots account for 56.7% of variations in soil environment whereas soil chemical properties and pH contribute about 24.2% of the soil variations. The roles of plant roots in controlling soil weathering and leaching increased in the following order: infiltration enhancement > increase of bio- active substance > stabilization of soil structure. The effects of plant roots on soil mineral weathering and leaching can be quantified using the multiple regression models with the high prediction accura- cies developed in this study. | LI Yong1,2, ZHANG Qingwen1,2, WAN Guojiang3, HUANG Ronggui3, PIAO Hechun3, BAI Lingyu2 & LI Lu2 1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China 2. Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China 3. Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，9： | 2 |
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