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| 1 | Muscle-fiber array inspired,multiple-mode,pneumatic artificial muscles through planar design and one-step rolling fabrication显示文摘Advances in development of artificial muscles have enabled creation of soft robots with biological dexterity and self-adaption in unstructured environments;however,production of scalable artificial muscles with multiple-mode actuations remains elusive.Inspired by muscle-fiber arrays in muscular hydrostats,we present a class of versatile artificial muscles called MAIPAMs(muscle-fiber array inspired pneumatic artificial muscles),capable of multiple-mode actuations(such as parallel elongation-bending-spiraling actuations,10 parallel bending actuations and cascaded elongation-bending-spiraling actuations).Our MAIPAMs consist of active 3D elastomer-balloon arrays reinforced by a passive elastomer membrane,achieved through a planar design and one-step rolling fabrication approach.We introduce prototypical designs for the MAIPAMs and demonstrate their muscle-mimic structures and versatility,as well as their scalable ability to integrate flexible but non-stretchable layers for contraction and twisting actuation modes and compliant electrodes for self-sensing.We further demonstrate that this class of artificial muscles shows potential for versatile robotic applications,such as carrying a camera for recording videos,gripping or manipulating objects,and climbing a pipe-line. | Jiang Zou Miao Feng Ningyuan Ding Peinan Yan Haipeng Xu Dezhi Yang Nicholas X.Fang Guoying Gu Xiangyang Zhu | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，10： | 3 |
| 2 | Type‐II secretion pathway structural gene xpsE, xylanase‐ and cellulase secretion and virulence in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae显示文摘 | Q. H.Sun J.Hu G. X.Huang C.Ge R. X.Fang C. Z.He | 2004 | Plant Pathology2004，，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Online Consumer Search Depth:Theories and New Findings显示文摘 | Zhang J.J X.Fang O.L.Sheng | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 4 | Suitability of chaotic iterations schemes using XORshift for security applications显示文摘 | J.M.Bahi X.Fang C.Guyeux Q.Wang | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Physical modeling and validation of porpoises’ directional emission via hybrid metamaterials显示文摘In wave physics and engineering,directional emission sets a fundamental limitation on conventional simple sources as their sizes should be sufficiently larger than their wavelength.Artificial metamaterial and animal biosonar both show potential in overcoming this limitation.Existing metamaterials arranged in periodic microstructures face great challenges in realizing complex and multiphase biosonar structures.Here,we proposed a physical directional emission model to bridge the gap between porpoises’biosonar and artificial metamaterial.Inspired by the anatomical and physical properties of the porpoise’s biosonar transmission system,we fabricated a hybrid metamaterial system composed of multiple composite structures.We validated that the hybrid metamaterial significantly increased directivity and main lobe energy over a broad bandwidth both numerically and experimentally.The device displayed efficiency in detecting underwater target and suppressing false target jamming.The metamaterial-based physical model may be helpful to achieve the physical mechanisms of porpoise biosonar detection and has diverse applications in underwater acoustic sensing,ultrasound scanning,and medical ultrasonography. | Erqian Dong Yu Zhang Zhongchang Song Tianye Zhang Chen Cai Nicholas X.Fang | 2019 | National Science Review2019，6，5： | 0 |
| 6 | 1950年代中国农村的接生婆与国家纪律显示文摘现代国家的形成和发展与纪律观念在社会的生根息息相关,如无纪律,则军队作战、官僚行政、医院救治等都难以形成一个令行禁止的系统,高效的国家机器和具有应对问题能力的社会组织是现代国家不可或缺的一部分。新中国建国之初,也面对着如何将纪律引入到党政系统和社会组织之中,并使之扎根于中国社会的问题。 | 草苍 X.Fang | 2017 | 文化纵横2017，，5： | 0 |
| 7 | Echoes of fluid spin显示文摘Spin-an intrinsic angular momentum carried by elementary particles-has long been thought to be exclusive to quantum mechanical systems.The spin of photons,for example,is associated with the vectorial nature of electromagnetic waves[1].In classical systems,however,the concept of a spinning degree of freedom is not as well defined. | Huifeng Du Chu Ma Nicholas X.Fang | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，1： | 0 |
| 8 | Additive manufacturing of high aspect-ratio structures with self-focusing photopolymerization显示文摘Photocrosslinkable polymers have been exploited to attain impressive advantages in printing freestanding,micrometer-scale,mechanically compliant features.However,a more integrated understanding of both the polymer photochemistry and the microfabrication processes could enable new strategic design avenues,unlocking far-reaching applications of the light-based modality of additive manufacturing.One promising approach for achieving high-aspect-ratio structures is to leverage the phenomenon of light self-trapping during the photopolymerization process.In this review,we discuss the design of materials that facilitate this optical behavior,the computational modeling and practical processing considerations to achieve high aspect-ratio structures,and the range of applications that can benefit from architectures fabricated using light self-trapping-especially those demanding free-standing structures and materials of stiffnesses relevant in biological applications.Coupled interactions exist among material attributes,including polymer composition,and processing parameters such as light intensity.We identify strong opportunities for predictive design of both the material and the process.Overall,this perspective describes the wide range of existing polymers and additive manufacturing approaches,and highlights various future directions to enable constructs with new complexities and functionalities through the development of next-generation photocrosslinkable materials and micromanufacturing methods. | Mingyu Yang Kavin Kowsari Nia O.Myrie Daniela Espinosa-Hoyos Anna Jagielska Seok Kim Nicholas X.Fang Krystyn J.Van Vliet | 2022 | Light(Advanced Manufacturing)2022，3，3： | 0 |
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