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| 1 | Importance of fatigue and its measurement in chronic liver disease显示文摘The mechanisms of fatigue in the group of people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis are protean. The liver is central in the pathogenesis of fatigue because it uniquely regulates much of the storage, release and production of substrate for energy generation. It is exquisitely sensitive to the feedback controlling the uptake and release of these energy generation substrates. Metabolic contributors to fatigue, beginning with the uptake of substrate from the gut, the passage through the portal system to hepatic storage and release of energy to target organs (muscle and brain) are central to understanding fatigue in patients with chronic liver disease. Inflammation either causing or resulting from chronic liver disease contributes to fatigue, although inflammation has not been demonstrated to be causal. It is this unique combination of factors, the nexus of metabolic abnormality and the inflammatory burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis that creates pathways to different types of fatigue. Many use the terms central and peripheral fatigue. Central fatigue is characterized by a lack of self-motivation and can manifest both in physical and mental activities. Peripheral fatigue is classically manifested by neuromuscular dysfunction and muscle weakness. Therefore, the distinction is often seen as a difference between intention (central fatigue) versus ability (peripheral fatigue). New approaches to measuring fatigue include the use of objective measures as well as patient reported outcomes. These measures have improved the precision with which we are able to describe fatigue. The measures of fatigue severity and its impact on usual daily routines in this population have also been improved, and they are more generally accepted as reliable and sensitive. Several approaches to evaluating fatigue and developing endpoints for treatment have relied of biosignatures associated with fatigue. These have been used singly or in combination and include: physical performance measures, cognitive performance measures, mood/behavioral measures, brain imaging and serological measures. Treatment with non-pharmacological agents have been shown to be effective in symptom reduction, whereas pharmacological agents have not been shown effective. | Lynn H Gerber Ali A Weinstein Rohini Mehta Zobair M Younossi | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，28： | 7 |
| 2 | Ankle Fractures in the Elderly: What You Get Depends on Where You Live and Who You See显示文摘 | Kenneth J Koval Jon Lurie Weiping Zhou Michael B Sparks Robert V Cantu Scott M Sporer James Weinstein | 2005 | Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma2005，，9： | 2 |
| 3 | X-ray measurement of laser fusion targets using least squares fitting显示文摘 | Singleton R M Weinstein B W Hendricks C D | 1979 | Appl Opt1979，18，24： | 2 |
| 4 | Mammalian p55CDC mediates association of the spindle checkpoint protein Mad2 with the cyclosome/anaphase-promoting complex,and is involved in regulating anaphase onset and late mitotic events 显示文摘 | Kallio M Weinstein J Daum J R | 1998 | J Cell Biol1998，141，： | 2 |
| 5 | Data transmission by Frequency-Division Multiplexing using the Discrete Fourier Transform显示文摘 | Weinstein S B Ebert P M | 1971 | IEEE Transactions on Communication Technology1971，19，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Before and after the 1999 Chi-Chi Earthquake:traumatic events and depressive symptoms in an older population显示文摘 | Seplaki CL Goldman N Weinstein M | 2006 | Soc Sci Med2006，62，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Data transmission by fre- quency-division multiplerdng using the discrete Fourier transform 显示文摘 | Weinstein S B and Ebert P M | 1971 | IEEE Transactions on Communications1971，19，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Cloning and sequencing of a Shiga - like toxin type II variant from Esche- richia coli strain responsible for edema disease of swine 显示文摘 | WEINSTEIN D L JACKSON M P SAMUEL J E | 1988 | Bacteri- ol1988，170，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Existence and dynamic stability of solitary wave solutions equations arising in long wave propagation显示文摘 | WEINSTEIN M I | 1987 | Commun Partial Differential Equation1987，，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Parameter Estimation of Super-imposed Signals Using the EM Algorithm显示文摘 | Feder M Weinstein E | 1988 | IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing1988，36，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Invasive infection due to Streptococcus iniae: a new or previously unrecognized disease显示文摘 | WEINSTEIN M R LOW D E McGeer A | 1996 | Ontario CCDR1996，22，： | 1 |
| 12 | Parameter Estimation of Superimposed Signals Using the EM Algorithm 显示文摘 | M Feder E Weinstein | 1988 | IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing1988，36，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Foundations of cost-effectiveness analysis for health and medical practices显示文摘 | Weinstein M C Stason W B | 1977 | N Engl J Med1977，296，13： | 1 |
| 14 | Implementation of the quantum Fourier transform显示文摘 | Weinstein Y S Pravia M A Fortunato E M | 2001 | Phys Rev Lett2001，86，： | 1 |
| 15 | Cardiac peroxynitrite formation and left ventricular dysfunction following doxorubicin treatment in mice显示文摘 | WEINSTEIN D M MIHM M J BAUER J A | 2000 | J Pharmacol Exp Ther2000，294，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Smad proteins and hepatocyte growth factorcontrol parallel regulatory pathways that converge on beta1-integrin to promotenormal liver development显示文摘 | Weinstein M Monga SP Liu Y | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Immediate i'ehabili- ration of the extremely atrophic mandible with fixed full-prosthesis supported by four implants 显示文摘 | Weinstein R Agliardi E Fabbro M D | 2012 | Clin Implant Dent Relat Res2012，14，3： | 1 |
| 18 | MR imaging and spectroscopy in clinical and experimental cerebral ischaemia:a review显示文摘 | Brant-Zawadzki M Weinstein P Bartkowski H | 1987 | AJNR1987，148，3： | 1 |
| 19 | MicroRNAs in plants 显示文摘 | REINHART B J WEINSTEIN E G RHOADES M W | 2002 | Gene & Dev2002，16，13： | 1 |
| 20 | Cloning and sequencing of a Shiga-like toxin type Ⅱ variant from Escherichia coli strain responsible for edema disease of swine显示文摘 | WEINSTEIN D L JACKSON M P SAMUEL J E | 1988 | J Bacteriol1988，170，9： | 1 |
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