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| 1 | Morinda citrifolia (Noni): A literature review and recent advances in Noni research^1显示文摘Morinda citrifolia L(Noni) has been used in folk remedies by Polynesians for over 2000 years,and is reported to have a broad range of therapeutic effects,including antibacterial,antiviral,antifungal,antitumor,antihelmin,analgesic,hypotensive,anti-inflammatory,and immune enhancing effects.In order to reveal the nutritional and medicinal value of the Noni plant,and to summarize scientific evidence that supports the Polynesians' claim,a literature review and recent advances in Noni research is given below. | Brett J WEST CJarakae JENSEN Diane NOWICKI SU Chen Afa K PALU Gary ANDERSON | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，12： | 80 |
| 2 | 小胶质细胞再激活可缓解脑损伤后炎症反应并促进脑功能恢复显示文摘中枢神经系统疾病或损伤后,小胶质细胞介导的慢性神经炎症反应会损伤局部脑组织,加重病情,不利于神经功能的恢复。小胶质细胞的激活通过集落刺激因子1受体(CSF1R)信号通路,CSF1R抑制剂可阻断小胶质细胞的激活。抑制慢性神经炎症反应是治疗中枢神经系统疾病的有效方法,但长时间抑制小胶质细胞在临床实践中无法实现。值得注意的是,去掉CSF1R抑制剂可刺激中枢神经系统内新的小胶质细胞的彻底重激活。本课题组建立小鼠广泛性神经元丢失模型,在该模型中探讨急性小胶质细胞的消除及再激活的作用。神经元的丢失导致了较长时间的神经炎性反应,表现为小胶质细胞肿胀,并表达CD68和CD45;同时,细胞因子、趋化因子、补体及其他炎症信号的表达增加。小胶质细胞的再激活可以缓解上述炎症反应,还可以促进小鼠神经功能的恢复,即使该小鼠的海马神经元丢失80%,其在水迷宫测试中的得分与正常小鼠的得分相差无几。对突触的分析结果显示,小胶质细胞的再激活可增加PSD95和突触泡蛋白点状突触体的表达,提示小胶质细胞有助于重塑和调节突触的形态和功能。综上所述,本研究结果显示,小胶质细胞的短时间消除及再激活可能是一种新颖有效的方法用于减少神经炎性反应并促进脑功能恢复。 | Rice RA Pham J Lee RJ Najafi AR West BL Green KN 唐颖馨(编译) | 2017 | 神经损伤与功能重建2017，12，3： | 9 |
| 3 | Evaluating alternative stem cell hypotheses for adult corneal epithelial maintenance显示文摘In this review we evaluate evidence for three different hypotheses that explain how the corneal epithelium is maintained. The limbal epithelial stem cell(LESC)hypothesis is most widely accepted. This proposes that stem cells in the basal layer of the limbal epithelium, at the periphery of the cornea, maintain themselves and also produce transient(or transit) amplifying cells(TACs). TACs then move centripetally to the centre of the cornea in the basal layer of the corneal epithelium and also replenish cells in the overlying suprabasal layers. The LESCs maintain the corneal epithelium during normal homeostasis and become more active to repair significant wounds. Second, the corneal epithelial stem cell(CESC) hypothesis postulates that, during normal homeostasis, stem cells distributed throughout the basal corneal epithelium, maintain the tissue. According to this hypothesis, LESCs are present in the limbus but are only active during wound healing. We also consider a third possibility, that the corneal epithelium is maintained during normal homeostasis by proliferation of basal corneal epithelial cells without any input from stem cells. After reviewing the published evidence, we conclude that the LESC and CESC hypotheses are consistent with more of the evidence than the third hypothesis, so we do not consider this further. The LESC and CESC hypotheses each have difficulty accounting for one main type of evidence so we evaluate the two key lines of evidence that discriminate between them. Finally, we discuss how lineage-tracing experiments have begun to resolve the debate in favour of the LESC hypothesis. Nevertheless, it also seems likely that some basal corneal epithelial cells can act as long-term progenitors if limbal stem cell function is compromised. Thus, this aspect of the CESC hypothesis may have a lasting impact on our understanding of corneal epithelial maintenance, even if it is eventually shown that stem cells are restricted to the limbus as proposed by the LESC hypothesis. | John D West Natalie J Dorà J Martin Collinson | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，2： | 6 |
| 4 | Defining response to radiotherapy in rectal cancer using magnetic resonance imaging and histopathological scales显示文摘AIM To define good and poor regression using pathology and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) regression scales after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for rectal cancer.METHODS A systematic review was performed on all studies up to December 2015, without language restriction, t h a t w e r e i d e n t i f i e d f r o m M E D L I N E, C o c h r a n e Controlled Trials Register(1960-2015), and EMBASE(1991-2015). Searches were performed of article bibliographies and conference abstracts. MeS H and text words used included 'tumour regression', 'mr TRG', 'poor response' and 'colorectal cancers'. Clinical studies using either MRI or histopathological tumour regression grade(TRG) scales to define good and poor responders were included in relation to outcomes [local recurrence(LR), distant recurrence(DR), disease-free survival(DFS), and overall survival(OS)]. There was no age restriction or stage of cancer restriction for patient inclusion. Data were extracted by two authors working independently and using pre-defined outcome measures.RESULTS Quantitative data(prevalence) were extracted and analysed according to meta-analytical techniques using comprehensive meta-analysis. Qualitative data(LR, DR, DFS and OS) were presented as ranges. The overall proportion of poor responders after neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) was 37.7%(95%CI: 30.1-45.8). There were 19 different reported histopathological scales and one MRI regression scale(mrT RG). Clinical studies used nine and six histopathological scales for poor and good responders, respectively. All studies using MRI to define good and poor response used one scale. The most common histopathological definition for good response was the Mandard grades 1 and 2 or Dworak grades 3 and 4; Mandard 3, 4 and 5 and Dworak 0, 1 and 2 were used for poor response. For histopathological grades, the 5-year outcomes for poor responders were LR 3.4%-4.3%, DR 14.3%-20.3%, DFS 61.7%-68.1% and OS 60.7-69.1. Good pathological response 5-year outcomes were LR 0%-1.8%, DR 0%-11.6%, DFS 78.4%-86.7%, and OS 77.4%-88.2%. A poor response on MRI(mr TRG 4,5) resulted in 5-year LR 4%-29%, DR 9%, DFS 31%-59% and OS 27%-68%. The 5-year outcomes with a good response on MRI(mrT RG 1,2 and 3) were LR 1%-14%, DR 3%, DFS 64%-83% and OS 72%-90%.CONCLUSION For histopathology regression assessment, Mandard 1, 2/Dworak 3, 4 should be used for good response and Mandard 3, 4, 5/Dworak 0, 1, 2 for poor response. MRI indicates good and poor response by mr TRG1-3 and mrT RG4-5, respectively. | Muhammed RS Siddiqui Jemma Bhoday Nicholas J Battersby Manish Chand Nicholas P West Al-Mutaz Abulafi Paris P Tekkis Gina Brown | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 6 |
| 5 | Noni juice is not hepatotoxic显示文摘Noni 果汁(Morinda citrifolia ) 在欧盟以内用作安全食物被同意了,跟随安全的评论。自从赞同,在奥地利人的尖锐肝炎的三个案例非, i 果汁消费者被出版了,在一个原因的连接从植物在肝机能障碍和 anthraquinones 的摄取之间被建议的地方。人的临床的安全地的肝功能的大小 TAHITIAN NONI 果汁学习,以及稍尖并且代替揭示的长期的动物毒性试验不利的肝的证据都不比那些在案例研究报导在多次高的剂量完成。另外, M。citrifolia anthraquinones 在太小而无法具有任何毒物学的意义的数量发生在水果。进一步,这些没有能够被归结为的化学结构反应一个王位激进分子,它在草药的 hepototoxicity 的以前的情况中被含有。可得到的数据不揭示肝毒性的证据。 | Brett J West C Jarakae Jensen Johannes Westendorf | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，22： | 5 |
| 6 | Pathology grading of colon cancer surgical resection and its association with survival: a retrospective observational study显示文摘 | Nicholas P West Eva JA Morris Olorunda Rotimi Alison Cairns Paul J Finan Philip Quirke | 2008 | Lancet Oncology2008，，9： | 4 |
| 7 | 腹主动脉瘤病因新探讨显示文摘目的 证实家族性因素和遗传性因素在腹主动脉瘤 ( abdominal aortic aneurysm,AAA)发病中的作用。方法 30 8例澳大利亚欧洲腹主动脉瘤病人和 110例健康对照组以及男女各 4 0例的新生儿对照组。对动脉壁四种重要结构蛋白基因进行等位基因分析。等位基因频率分析采用 Sham and Curtis方法。结果 50例 AAA病人至少有一例直系亲属患有 AAA。在 539例存活的同代亲属中 ,14例查出 AAA,其中 12例已施行了手术治疗。对 74例同代亲属筛选发现 4例患有轻度主动脉扩张 ,6例患有中到重度主动脉扩张。女性病人与对照组之间及女性病人与男性病人之间 ,COL 1A2基因的等位基因频率具有统计学差别。结论 在本组病例中遗传性因素在 AAA发病中起着重要作用。 COL 1A2在男女 AAA发病中作用不同 ,其详细机制有待进一步探讨。 | 徐东 王京生 万峰 M J West Kim Summers Philip Walker | 2000 | 北京医学2000，22，6： | 3 |
| 8 | 系统性药物治疗儿童银屑病的安全性显示文摘银屑病是一种常见的慢性炎症性皮肤病。成年人的发病率为2%~3%,其中大约有三分之一的患者在18岁之前发病。在儿童期,该病的发病率呈线性增长。从1970年至2000年,儿童银屑病的发病率增加了一倍多。尽管对许多轻度银屑病患儿而言,局部治疗已足够,但对更多可能影响生活质量的重度或顽固性的银屑病患儿,则往往需要系统性治疗。 | bronckers imgj seyger mmb west dp lara-corrales i tollefson m tom wl hogeling m belazarian l zachariae c mahé e siegfried e philipp s szalai z vleugels ra holland k murphy r baselga e cordoro k lambert j alexopoulos a mrowietz u kievit w paller as 邓婕(编译) 张锡宝(审校) 无 | 2017 | 皮肤性病诊疗学杂志2017，24，5： | 3 |
| 9 | Venous thromboembolism during active disease and remission in inflammatory bowel disease: a cohort study显示文摘 | Matthew J Grainge Joe West Timothy R Card | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9715： | 3 |
| 10 | 显示文摘 | Hench L L West J K | 1990 | Chem Rev1990，90，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Comparison and evaluation of retrospective intermodality brain image registration techniques显示文摘 | West J Fitzpatrick JM Wang MY | 1997 | Journal of Computer Assisted Tomography1997，21，4： | 2 |
| 12 | Pathology grading of colon cancer surgical resection and its association with survival:a retrospective observational study显示文摘 | West NP Morris E J Rotimi O | | 0，，09： | 2 |
| 13 | Implantable polymeric systems for modulated drugdelivery显示文摘 | Sershen S West J | 2002 | Adv Drug Deliv Rev2002，54，9： | 2 |
| 14 | Morphological plasticity of olfactory ensheathing cells is regulated by cAMP and endothelinl显示文摘 | Vincent A J West AK Chuah MI | 2003 | Glia2003，41，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Dietary cation-anion balance and cation source effets on production and acid-base status heated stressed Cows显示文摘 | West J W Haydon K D Mullinix B G | 1992 | J Dairy Sci1992，75，： | 1 |
| 16 | Elicitation of lignin biosynthesis and iso peroxidase activity by pectic fragnents insuspension cultures caster bean显示文摘 | Bruce R J West C A | 1989 | PlantPhysiol1989，91，： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of adenosine and adenine nucleotides on the artrioventricular node of isolated guinea pig hearts显示文摘 | Shryock J West G A | 1984 | Circulation1984，70，： | 1 |
| 18 | A general model for the structure and allometry of plant vascular systems 显示文摘 | West G B Brown J H Enquist B J | 1999 | Nature1999，400，： | 1 |
| 19 | Structural, spectral and thermal studies of N-2 - (4-picolyl) -and N-2 - (6-picolyl) -N' - (2-chlorophenyl) thioureas and N-2 - (6-picolyl) -N' - (2-bromophenyl) thiourea 显示文摘 | ACKERMAN L J SWEARINGEN J K WEST D X | 2002 | J Mol Struct2002，610，13： | 1 |
| 20 | Automatic detection of yellow rust in wheat using reflectance measurements and neural network显示文摘 | Moshou D Brav C West J | 2004 | Computers and Electronics in Agricultural2004，44，： | 1 |
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