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| 1 | 美国临床药学教育与实践显示文摘目的:介绍美国临床药学教育的概况,探讨其发展方向。方法:总结近50年美国临床药学的发展史,介绍其教学和培训模式、临床药师工作内容及相关认证情况。结果与结论:美国的药学教育和临床实践经历了重大的变化与发展。2000年开始设立的临床药学博士学位项目是变革核心,其是目前美国药学院校提供的唯一药学学位。坚实的临床教育是培养临床药学从业者的基础,这些课程主要由资深的临床药学博士授课。患者监护是临床药学博士生教育的中心,而以技能展现所学知识的课堂活动正逐步取代传统的授课式教学模式。药学院校需要证明其学生掌握了评审标准中所要求的技能。为了将学生培养为专业的临床药师,在完成临床药学博士项目后,一般需要1~2年的住院药师培训。大多数临床药师还需要通过一项临床委员会考试以取得临床药学执业执照。此外,临床药师也可成为药学院校的临床教师。中国临床药师的发展,可以此为借鉴,通过院校和医疗机构的协同努力,以加强药师的临床培训。 | Keith M.Olsen Sylvia A.Dang Olivia V.Nguyen Kimberly K.Scarsi 张伶俐 曾力楠 归舸 | 2016 | 中国药房2016，27，2： | 29 |
| 2 | Active learning of deep surrogates for PDEs:application to metasurface design显示文摘Surrogate models for partial differential equations are widely used in the design of metamaterials to rapidly evaluate the behavior of composable components.However,the training cost of accurate surrogates by machine learning can rapidly increase with the number of variables.For photonic-device models,we find that this training becomes especially challenging as design regions grow larger than the optical wavelength.We present an active-learning algorithm that reduces the number of simulations required by more than an order of magnitude for an NN surrogate model of optical-surface components compared to uniform random samples.Results show that the surrogate evaluation is over two orders of magnitude faster than a direct solve,and we demonstrate how this can be exploited to accelerate large-scale engineering optimization. | Raphaël Pestourie Youssef Mroueh Thanh V.Nguyen Payel Das Steven G.Johnson | 2020 | npj Computational Materials2020，，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Androgens activate mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling: Role in neuroprotection显示文摘 | Thuy‐Vi V.Nguyen MingzhongYao Christian J.Pike | 2005 | Journal of Neurochemistry2005，，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Myenteric neurons of the mouse small intestine undergo significant electrophysiological and morphological changes during postnatal development显示文摘 | Jaime Pei PeiFoong Trung V.Nguyen John B.Furness Joel C.Bornstein Heather M.Young | 2012 | The Journal of Physiology2012，，10： | 1 |
| 5 | Identification of subunits of voltage‐gated calcium channels and actions of pregabalin on intrinsic primary afferent neurons in the guinea‐pig ileum显示文摘 | K.Needham R.Bron B.Hunne T. V.Nguyen K.Turner M.Nash J. B.Furness | 2010 | Neurogastroenterology & Motility2010，，10： | 1 |
| 6 | Sensing in the presence of strong noise by deep learning of dynamic multimode fiber interference显示文摘A new approach to optical fiber sensing is proposed and demonstrated that allows for specific measurement even in the presence of strong noise from undesired environmental perturbations.A deep neural network model is trained to statistically learn the relation of the complex optical interference output from a multimode optical fiber(MMF)with respect to a measurand of interest while discriminating the noise.This technique negates the need to carefully shield against,or compensate for,undesired perturbations,as is often the case for traditional optical fiber sensors.This is achieved entirely in software without any fiber postprocessing fabrication steps or specific packaging required,such as fiber Bragg gratings or specialized coatings.The technique is highly generalizable,whereby the model can be trained to identify any measurand of interest within any noisy environment provided the measurand affects the optical path length of the MMF’s guided modes.We demonstrate the approach using a sapphire crystal optical fiber for temperature sensing under strong noise induced by mechanical vibrations,showing the power of the technique not only to extract sensing information buried in strong noise but to also enable sensing using traditionally challenging exotic materials. | Linh V.Nguyen Cuong C.Nguyen Gustavo Carneiro Heike Ebendorff-Heidepriem Stephen C.Warren-Smith | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，4： | 0 |
| 7 | Is autophagy induction by PARP inhibitors a target for therapeutic benefit?显示文摘PARP inhibitors have proven to be effective in conjunction with conventional therapeutics in the treatment of various solid as well as hematologic malignancies,particularly when the tumors are deficient in DNA repair pathways.However,as the case with other chemotherapeutic agents,their effectiveness is often compromised by the development of resistance.PARP inhibitors have consistently been reported to promote autophagy,a process that maintains cellular homeostasis and acts as an energy source by the degradation and reutilization of damaged subcellular organelles and proteins.Autophagy can exhibit different functional properties,the most prominent being cytoprotective.In addition,both cytotoxic and non-protective functions forms have also been identified.In this review,we explore the available literature regarding the different roles of autophagy in response to clinically-used PARP inhibitors,highlighting the possibility of targeting autophagy as an adjuvant therapy to potentially increase the effectiveness of PARP inhibition and to overcome the development of resistance. | AHMED M.ELSHAZLY TUONG VI V.NGUYEN DAVID A.GEWIRTZ | 2022 | Oncology Research2022，30，1： | 0 |
| 8 | 口服氮-氨甲酰谷氨酸补饲增加仔猪骨骼肌中的蛋白质合成显示文摘文章研究了补饲氮-氨甲酰谷氨酸(N-Carbamylglutamate,NCG,一种模拟内源性氮-乙酰谷氨酸,合成精氨酸的激活剂)提高哺乳仔猪的生长率的潜在机制。试验选取体重接近、性别相同的2组仔猪进行口服试验,每12h向日粮中分别添加0mg/kg(对照组)和50mg/kgNCG(试验组),试验期为7d。试验仔猪(n=32,BW=3kg)禁食7d并进行试验前处理。整夜禁食后,分别在0min和60min饲喂仔猪NCG和水(对照组)。之后分别在第0min和60min灌服试验组仔猪含NCG的母乳。在第60min,给仔猪灌服[3H]水浸剂量的苯丙氨酸,并在第90min宰杀,用以测定组织蛋白的合成。与对照组相比,NCG处理组的仔猪体重在7d内增加了28%(P<0.001),与禁食的仔猪相比,未禁食仔猪的背最长肌、腓肠肌、十二指肠的蛋白质合成速率均较高(P<0.001)。与对照组相比,NCG试验处理组仔猪背最长肌和腓肠肌的蛋白质合成速率分别提高了30%(P=0.05)和21%(P=0.068)。同时,补饲NCG的仔猪血浆中精氨酸和生长激素的浓度高于对照组。结果显示,补饲氮-氨甲酰谷氨酸可以提高血浆中精氨酸和生长激素水平,促进哺乳仔猪生长率和肌肉蛋白质合成的增加。 | Jason W.Frank Jeffery Escobar Hanh V.Nguyen 赵颖 | 2012 | 饲料与畜牧(新饲料)2012，，12： | 0 |
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