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| 1 | 印度与欧亚大陆初始碰撞时限、封闭方式和过程显示文摘印度与欧亚大陆初始碰撞是海陆热力对比变化、青藏高原-喜马拉雅造山带形成和亚洲气候转变的起点.本文根据近30年国内外的研究进展,系统总结了大陆初始碰撞的研究历史.对比了十多种初始碰撞研究方法,我们认为周缘前陆盆地的构造-沉积响应对大陆初始碰撞最为敏感,而古地磁学作为独立的证据也是非常好的定量研究方法.关于碰撞过程,与西方传统观点认为55~50Ma碰撞首先发生在西部衔接点,随后向东闭合的模式不同;最新的研究结果表明,印度与欧亚大陆首先于雅鲁藏布江缝合带中部发生正向碰撞,时间为65~63Ma,随后向东西两侧穿时性碰撞.大陆碰撞是一个复杂的造山过程,涉及构造、沉积、变质和岩浆作用等多个方面,不同学科的学者通常喜欢从各自学科的角度来定义碰撞.我们建议使用多学科结合、相互验证的方法,避免以偏概全、以点带面的现象发生,尽量将每个阶段发生的事件真实地还原到碰撞造山演化的时间序列中. | 丁林 Satybaev MAKSATBEK 蔡福龙 王厚起 宋培平 纪伟强 许强 张利云 Qasim MUHAMMAD Baral UPENDRA | 2017 | 中国科学:地球科学2017，47，3： | 61 |
| 2 | Processes of initial collision and suturing between India and Asia显示文摘The initial collision between Indian and Asian continents marked the starting point for transformation of land-sea thermal contrast,uplift of the Tibet-Himalaya orogen,and climate change in Asia.In this paper,we review the published literatures from the past 30 years in order to draw consensus on the processes of initial collision and suturing that took place between the Indian and Asian plates.Following a comparison of the different methods that have been used to constrain the initial timing of collision,we propose that the tectono-sedimentary response in the peripheral foreland basin provides the most sensitive index of this event,and that paleomagnetism presents independent evidence as an alternative,reliable,and quantitative research method.In contrast to previous studies that have suggested collision between India and Asia started in Pakistan between ca.55 Ma and50 Ma and progressively closed eastwards,more recent researches have indicated that this major event first occurred in the center of the Yarlung Tsangpo suture zone(YTSZ) between ca.65 Ma and 63 Ma and then spreading both eastwards and westwards.While continental collision is a complicated process,including the processes of deformation,sedimentation,metamorphism,and magmatism,different researchers have tended to define the nature of this event based on their own understanding,an intuitive bias that has meant that its initial timing has remained controversial for decades.Here,we recommend the use of reconstructions of each geological event within the orogenic evolution sequence as this will allow interpretation of collision timing on the basis of multidisciplinary methods. | DING Lin Satybaev MAKSATBEK CAI FuLong WANG HouQi SONG PeiPing JI WeiQiang XU Qiang ZHANG LiYun Qasim MUHAMMAD Baral UPENDRA | 2017 | Science China Earth Sciences2017，60，4： | 23 |
| 3 | 人工模拟降水条件下旱作农田土壤“Birch效应”及其响应机制显示文摘降水事件引起干土复湿刺激土壤CO_2,脉冲释放的现象被称为'Birch效应',其作用机制可能是降水刺激土壤'底物供给'增加或引起土壤'微生物胁迫'所致。为深入了解土壤'Birch效应'对降水格局改变的响应过程及内在机制,在冬小麦拔节期和夏闲期分别进行了不同降水量(1-32 mm)人工模拟降水实验,系统观测了降水后0-72 h土壤呼吸及土壤碳组分变化特征,结果表明:土壤呼吸随降水量的增大而增强,1-16 mm降水土壤呼吸峰值出现在降水后4h,而32 mm降水土壤呼吸峰值出现时间滞后了4 h。与较小降水量相比,较大的降水量能增加土壤呼吸但会推迟土壤呼吸峰值出现时间。土壤呼吸速率峰值(SRP)与降水量(P)呈幂相关(拔节期:SR-P=0.97P^(0.09),R^2=0.5,P<0.05;夏闲期:SR-P=1.07P^(0.09),R^2=0.98,P<0.01)。降水后72h累积CO_2释放量(CO_2-P)与降水量呈线性相关(拔节期:CO_2-P=0.03P+5.99,R^2=0.58,P<0.05;夏闲期:CO_2-P=0.11P+6.04,R^2=0.86,P<0.01)。土壤呼吸温度敏感性系数和降水量之间存在二次曲线关系(拔节期:Q_(10)=-0.007P^2+0.2P+0.7,R^2=0.32,R^2<0.05;夏闲期:Q_(10)=-0.01P^2+0.3P+0.2,R^2=0.86,P<0.01)。逐步回归分析表明,冬小麦拔节期所有降水量处理土壤呼吸与土壤微生物量碳相关性均达到显著水平(P<0.05),指示土壤'Birch效应'是由'微生物胁迫'所致。而在夏闲期,当降水量小于8 mm时土壤呼吸与微生物量碳相关性显著,即以微生物胁迫机制占主导;8 mm降水处理下土壤呼吸与氯仿熏蒸-K_2SO_4提取态有机碳相关性达到极显著水平,指示则为两种机制共同起作用,而当降水量大于16 mm时,土壤呼吸主要与可提取态有机碳显著相关,'Birch'效应转为以底物供给机制占主导。与夏闲期相比,冬小麦拔节期作物生长会削弱'Birch效应',并改变其响应机制。 | 陈荣荣 刘全全 王俊 刘文兆 Upendra M. Sainju | 2016 | 生态学报2016，36，2： | 18 |
| 4 | Tillage, crop residue, and nutrient management effects on.soil organic carbon in rice-based cropping systems: A review显示文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC) sequestration is one of the major agricultural strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions,enhance food security,and improve agricultural sustainability.This paper synthesizes the much-needed stateof-knowledge on the effects of tillage,crop residue,and nutrient management practices on SOC sequestration and identifies potential research gap,opportunities,and challenges in studying SOC dynamics in rice(Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems in South Asia,mainly in Bangladesh,Bhutan,India,Nepal,Pakistan,and Sri Lanka.Improved management practices such as reduced- and no-tillage management,nitrogen(N) fertilizer and farmyard manure(FYM) application,and crop residue addition can improve SOC accumulation.Positive effects of no-tillage,crop residue addition,N addition through manure or compost application,and integration of organic and chemical fertilizers on SOC accumulation in rice-based cropping systems have been documented from South Asia.However,limited data and enormous discrepancies in SOC measurements across the region exist as the greatest challenge in increasing SOC sequestration and improving agricultural sustainability.More research on SOC as influenced by alternative tillage,crop residue,and nutrient management systems,and development of SOC monitoring system for existing long-term experiments will advance our understanding of the SOC dynamics in rice-based cropping systems and improve agricultural system sustainability in South Asia. | Rajan Ghimire Sushil Lamichhane Bharat Sharma Acharya Prakriti Bista Upendra Man Sainju | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2017，16，1： | 11 |
| 5 | Alcohol dehydrogenase: A potential new marker for diagnosis of intestinal ischemia using rat as a model显示文摘AIM: Intestinal ischemia (Ii) is an abdominal emergency due to blockade of the superior mesenteric artery resulting in 60-100% mortality if diagnosed late. Changes in several biochemical parameters such as D (-)-lactate, Creatinine kinase isoenzymes and lactate dehydrogenase suggested for early diagnosis, lack specificity and sensitivity. Therefore a biochemical parameter with greater sensitivity needs to be identified.METHODS: Wistar male rats were randomly assigned into two groups; control sham operated (n = 24) and ischemic test (n = 24) group. Superior mesenteric arterial occlusion was performed in the ischemic test group for 1 h. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was estimated in blood from portal vein, right ventricle of heart, dorsal aorta (DA) and inferior vena cava (IVC). The Serum glutamic acid pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) was also estimated in blood from portal vein and right ventricle of heart.RESULTS: A significant increase (P<0.001) in the levels of ADH in both portal blood as well as heart blood of the test group (232.72±99.45 EU and 250.85±95.14 EU, respectively)as compared to the control group (46.39±21.69 EU and 65.38±30.55 EU, respectively) were observed. Similarly,increased levels of ADH were observed in blood samples withdrawn from DA and IVC in test animals (319.52±80.14EU and 363.90±120.68 EU, respectively) as compared to the control group (67.68±63.22 EU and 72.50±58.45 EU,respectively). However, in test animals there was significant increase in SGPT in portal blood (P = 0.054) without much increase in heart blood.CONCLUSION: Significant increase in the levels of ADH in portal and heart blood within 1 h of SMA occlusion without increase in SGPT in heart blood, suggests that the origin of ADH is from ischemic intestine and not from liver. Similarly, raised ADH levels were found in DA and IVC as well. IVC blood does represent peripheral blood sample. A raised level of ADH in test animals confirms it to be a potential marker in the early diagnosis of Ii. | Upendra R Gumaste Mukund M Joshi Devendra T Mourya Pradip V Barde Ghanshyam K Shrivastav Vikram S Ghole | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，6： | 9 |
| 6 | 黄土高原冬小麦田土壤CH_4通量对人工降水的短期响应显示文摘为了解黄土高原旱作农田土壤CH4排放对不同降水事件的短期响应过程,分别在冬小麦拔节期和夏闲期进行了人工模拟降水试验,对1-32 mm不同降水量模拟降水后0-72 h土壤CH4排放通量进行了观测.结果表明:模拟降水后旱作农田土壤CH4排放通量变化特征表现出两种不同的模式:低降水量(1、3和8 mm)处理为波动变化,高降水量(16和32 mm)处理呈单峰型变化.降水后72 h土壤CH4累积通量(CH4-C)与降水量(P)呈显著线性正相关(冬小麦拔节期:CH4-C=2.45P-6.09,R2=0.92,P〈0.01;夏闲期:CH4-C=2.43P-4.73,R2=0.91,P〈0.01).相关分析表明,土壤CH4通量与土壤含水量和土壤微生物生物量碳含量显著相关,而与土壤温度不相关.少量降水(1-8 mm)可以在短期内促进旱作农田土壤对CH4的吸收,加强土壤作为大气CH4汇的强度,然而这种促进作用也会随降水量的增大和降水的下渗而削弱.较大降水(≥16 mm)可以刺激土壤产甲烷菌活性促进CH4释放,在短期内使旱作农田土壤由单一的汇功能转变为汇源双重功能. | 刘全全 王俊 陈荣荣 刘文兆 Upendra M.Sainju | 2015 | 应用生态学报2015，26，1： | 7 |
| 7 | 肺脏超声在我院NICU三年临床应用实践报告显示文摘目的回顾性分析我院新生儿科肺脏超声开展3年以来的应用情况并总结其带来的临床诊疗变化.方法收集2016年5至12月(初期开展),2017年1至12月(适应期开展),2018年1至8月(成熟开展)三个阶段入住我院新生儿科,接受床旁肺脏超声检查共878例患儿的临床资料,对不同阶段的应用情况进行对比分析.结果 878 例患儿,共接受肺脏超声检查1 225 例次,存在肺疾病者64. 1%,无肺疾病者35. 9%.其中新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征67例、湿肺278例、肺炎259例、胎粪吸入综合征64例、急性呼吸窘迫综合征72例、肺不张63例、胸腔积液14例. 878例患儿共接受胸部X线检查1 122例次,患儿接受X线检查人均次数从2016年的2. 48次,下降到2017年1. 40次,2018年0. 84次.肺部CT检查共32例次,患儿接受肺CT人均检查次数从2016年的0. 060次,下降到2017年0. 038次, 2018年0. 029次.肺脏超声方便动态观察,病情的好转、加重或是新出现的肺部病灶,均可借助肺脏超声来判断.结论肺脏超声对NICU肺部疾病诊断准确,尤其对住院时间长、病情反复及撤机困难的患儿更具有实用价值,床旁易开展,能减少胸部X线和CT的人均检查次数,是NICU诊断肺部疾病有效可行的方法,值得推广. | 刘慧 Upendra Yadav 李开文 朱晓芳 | 2019 | 中国小儿急救医学2019，26，8： | 7 |
| 8 | Antioxidant activity and identification of bioactive compounds from leaves of Anthocephalus cadamba by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant potential of different extract/fractions of Anthocephalus cadamba(A.cadamba)(Roxb.) Miq.(Rubiaceae) and study the tentative identification of their active constituents.Methods:The extract/fractions were screened for antioxidant activity using various in vitro assays viz.DPPH assay,ABTS assay,superoxide anion radical scavenging assay, reducing power assay and plasmid DNA nicking assay.Total phenolic content of extract/fractions was determined by colorimetric method.An ultra-performance LC-electrospray-quadrupoletime of flight mass spectrometry method was used to analyse the active constituents of extract/ fractions of A.cadamba.Results:The ethyl acetate fraction was found to be most active fraction in all the assays as compared to other extract/fractions.The IC50 value of ethyl acetate fraction (ETAC fraction) was 21.24μg/mL,1.12μg/mL,9.68μg/mL and S7.81μg/mL in DPPH assay, ABTS assay,reducing power assay and superoxide scavenging assay respectively.All the extract/ fractions also showed the potential to protect the plasmid DNA(pBR322) against the attack of hydroxyl radicals generated by Fenton’s reagent.The bioactive compounds were identified by UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS,by comparing the mass andλmax with literature values.Conclusions:The potential of the extract/fractions to scavenge different free radicals in different systems indicated that they may be useful therapeutic agents for treating radical-related pathologic damage. | Madhu Chandel Upendra Sharma Neeraj Kumar Bikram Singh Satwinderjeet Kaur | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2012，5，12： | 6 |
| 9 | 不同覆盖措施对黄土高原旱作农田N_2O通量的影响显示文摘为研究秸秆和地膜覆盖条件下旱作冬小麦田N_2O通量变化及水热状况,在中国科学院长武农业生态试验站采用静态箱-气相色谱法测定了冬小麦种植期间无覆盖处理(CK)、地膜覆盖处理(PM)、全年覆盖秸秆处理4 500 kg·hm^(-2)(M4500)和全年覆盖秸秆9 000 kg·hm^(-2)处理(M9000)土壤N_2O排放通量,并同步测定了土壤水分、土壤温度和气温。研究表明:CK、PM、M4500和M9000处理生育期内N_2O通量范围分别为17.24~321.86、19.03~388.00、21.57~344.53μg·m-2·h-1和24.77~348.42μg·m-2·h-1,生育期内N_2O平均排放通量分别为110.64、146.48、131.31μg·m-2·h-1和142.26μg·m-2·h-1,与CK相比,PM、M4500和M9000处理N_2O平均排放通量分别提高了32.29%、18.68%和28.57%,其中,PM和M9000处理与CK之间差异达极显著水平(P<0.01)。PM处理N_2O累积排放量(7.25 kg·hm^(-2))较CK处理(5.18 kg·hm^(-2))提高了40%(P<0.05),秸秆覆盖处理M4500(6.30kg·hm^(-2))和M9000(7.17 kg·hm^(-2))N_2O累积排放量较CK处理分别提高23%和38%(P<0.05),PM和M9000处理N_2O累积排放量显著高于M4500,PM和M9000处理之间无显著差异。不同覆盖条件下生育期N_2O通量表现出明显的季节变化特征,小麦生长季始末期较高中期较低,N_2O排放受降水影响明显。生育期N_2O累积通量主要源于冬小麦拔节期至收获期,PM、M4500和M9000处理拔节期至收获期N_2O排放量分别占整个生育期的41%、40%和43%,均高于CK(38%)处理。土壤温度变化可以解释69%~76%土壤N_2O通量变化,土壤水分仅解释了37%~51%的土壤N_2O通量变化。回归分析表明无覆盖时,土壤水分是影响土壤N_2O排放的关键因子,秸秆覆盖和地膜覆盖条件下土壤温度是影响土壤N_2O排放的关键因子。覆盖秸秆4 500 kg·hm^(-2)是黄土旱塬区较为适宜的冬小麦栽培模式。 | 刘全全 王俊 付鑫 刘文兆 Upendra M.Sainju | 2016 | 干旱地区农业研究2016，34，3： | 5 |
| 10 | Nanodiamonds with powerful ability for drug delivery and biomedical applications:Recent updates on in vivo study and patents显示文摘Nanodiamonds are novel nanosized carbon building blocks possessing varied fascinating mechanical,chemical,optical and biological properties,making them significant active moiety carriers for biomedical application.These are known as the most‘captivating’crystals attributed to their chemical inertness and unique properties posing them useful for variety of applications in biomedical era.Alongside,it becomes increasingly important to find,ascertain and circumvent the negative aspects associated with nanodiamonds.Surface modification or functionalization with biological molecules plays a significant role in managing the toxic behavior since nanodiamonds have tailorable surface chemistry.To take advantage of nanodiamond potential in drug delivery,focus has to be laid on its purity,surface chemistry and other considerations which may directly or indirectly affect drug adsorption on nanodiamond and drug release in biological environment.This review emphasizes on the basic properties,synthesis techniques,surface modification techniques,toxicity issues and biomedical applications of nanodiamonds.For the development of nanodiamonds as an effective dosage form,researchers are still engaged in the in-depth study of nanodiamonds and their effect on life interfaces. | Swati Chauhan Neha Jain Upendra Nagaich | 2020 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2020，10，1： | 5 |
| 11 | Soil Carbon and Nitrogen in Response to Perennial Bioenergy Grass, Cover Crop and Nitrogen Fertilization显示文摘Cover crop and nitrogen(N) fertilization may maintain soil organic matter under bioenergy perennial grass where removal of aboveground biomass for feedstock to produce cellulosic ethanol can reduce soil quality. We evaluated the effects of cover crops and N fertilization rates on soil organic carbon(C)(SOC), total N(STN), ammonium N(NH_4-N), and nitrate N(NO_3-N) contents at the0–5, 5–15, and 15–30 cm depths under perennial bioenergy grass from 2010 to 2014 in the southeastern USA. Treatments included unbalanced combinations of perennial bioenergy grass, energy cane(Saccharum spontaneum L.) or elephant grass(Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.), cover crop, crimson clover(Trifolium incarnatum L.), and N fertilization rates(0, 100, and 200 kg N ha^(-1)). Cover crop biomass and C and N contents were greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg N ha^(-1) than in the treatment of energy cane and elephant grass. The SOC and STN contents at 0–5 and 5–15 cm were 9%–20% greater in the treatments of elephant grass with cover crop and with or without 100 kg N ha^(-1)than in most of the other treatments. The soil NO_3-N content at 0–5 cm was 31%–45% greater in the treatment of energy cane with cover crop and 100 kg N ha^(-1)than in most of the other treatments.The SOC sequestration increased from 0.1 to 1.0 Mg C ha^(-1)year^(-1)and the STN sequestration from 0.03 to 0.11 Mg N ha^(-1)year^(-1)from 2010 to 2014 for various treatments and depths. In contrast, the soil NH_4-N and NO_3-N contents varied among treatments,depths, and years. Soil C and N storages can be enriched and residual NO_3-N content can be reduced by using elephant grass with cover crop and with or without N fertilization at a moderate rate. | Upendra M. SAINJU Hari P. SINGH Bharat P. SINGH | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Video assisaed horacoscopic anterior surgery for tuberculous spondytitis显示文摘 | 3ayaswala A Upendra B Ahmed A e aI | 2007 | Olin Orthop Eelat Ees2007，460，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Fusarium wilt of banana : biology, epidemiology and management 显示文摘 | Siddhesh B G Upendra K S S Thumballi R G 2015 | 2015 | International Journal of Pest Management2015，61，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C677T polymorphism and breast cancer risk: Evidence for genetic susceptibility显示文摘 | Pradeep Kumar Upendra Yadav Vandana Rai | 2015 | Meta Gene2015，，： | 1 |
| 15 | CFD analysis and experimental investigations towards optimizing the parameters of Ranque- Hilsch vortex tube显示文摘 | Upendra Behera P J Paul S Kasthuriengan | 2005 | Heat and mass transfer2005，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Fabrication of CdS nanowires decorated with TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic hydrogen production under visible light irradiation显示文摘 | Jang Jum Suk Kim Hyun Gyu Joshi Upendra A | 2008 | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy2008，33，21： | 1 |
| 17 | High incidence of occult leptomeningeal disease detected by flow cytometry in newly diagnosed aggressive B-cell lymphomas at risk for central nervous system involvement :the role of flow cytometry versus cytology显示文摘 | Upendra H Armando F Richard F | 2005 | Blood2005，105，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Dynamic scheduling of design activities with resource constraints 显示文摘 | UPENDRA B ANDREW K | 1997 | IEEE Transactions on System Man and Cybernetics1997，27，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Neck reconstruction (AIIMS Box Technique) in the management of large femoral neck defects显示文摘 | Garg B Upendra BN Jayaswal A | 2011 | Hip Int2011，21，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Accumulation and crop uptake of soil mineral nitrogen as influenced by tillage,cover crops,and nitrogen fertilization显示文摘 | Upendra M S Bharat P S Wayne F W | 2007 | Agronomy Journal2007，99，： | 1 |
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