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| 1 | Sex differences in cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease显示文摘Sex differences in neurocognitive abilities have been extensively explored both in the healthy population andin many disorders. Until recently, however, little work has examined such differences in people with Alzheimer's disease(AD). This is despite clear evidence that AD is more prevalent in women, and converging lines of evidence from brain imaging, post-mortem analyses, hormone therapy and genetics suggesting that AD affects men and women differently. We provide an overview of evidence attesting to the poorer cognitive profiles in women than in men at the same stage of AD. Indeed, men significantly outperform women in several cognitive domains, including: Language and semantic abilities, visuospatial abilities and episodic memory. These differences do not appear to be attributable to any differences in age, education, or dementia severity. Reasons posited for this female disadvantage include a reduction of estrogen in postmenopausal women, greater cognitive reserve in men, and the influence of the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele. Assessment of cognitive abilities contributes to the diagnosis of the condition and thus, it is crucial to identify the role of sex differences if potentially more accurate diagnoses and treatments are to emerge. | Keith R Laws Karen Irvine Tim M Gale | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 18 |
| 2 | 用ANUDEM建立水文地貌关系正确DEM的方法研究显示文摘针对区域尺度的径流、水土流失定量评价和植被适宜性评价等研究工作需要,利用1∶25万数字地形图和ANUDEM软件,对黄土丘陵区中等分辨率水文地貌关系正确DEM建立方法进行了研究。结果表明该方法所建立的DEM,可以正确反映地貌梁、沟结构及其与流水线网络的关系,对地形描述的能力优于TIN方法建立的DEM;利用ANUDEM和1∶25万地形图插值建立黄土丘陵区DEM的三个主要参数分别为分辨率50或100,计算迭代次数40,第二糙率系数0.8。 | 杨勤科 Tim R McVicar Tom G VanNiel Mike Hutchinson 李领涛 | 2006 | 测绘科学2006，31，6： | 13 |
| 3 | Oxygen radical formation does not have an impact in the treatment of severe acute experimental pancreatitis using free cellular hemoglobin显示文摘瞄准:Microcirculatory 机能障碍和免费的氧激进分子是在严重尖锐胰腺炎的致病的重要因素。另外的氧交货可能每氧化提高类脂化合物,但是可以也改进胰腺的微循环。这研究在严重尖锐胰腺炎的一个啮齿类动物模型在氧激进分子和微循环的形成上估计免费细胞的牛的血红素的效果。方法:在尖锐胰腺炎 Wistar 老鼠的正式就职以后的十五分钟收到了任何一个 0.8 mL 牛的血红素(HBOC-200 ) , hydroxyethyl 淀粉(HES ) 或保证血量正常替换的生理盐水的 2.4 mL。在检查的 6 h 以后,胰每氧化产品 malondialdehyde (MDA ) 为类脂化合物的间接测量被切除并且很快处理了并且在胰腺的织物减少了谷胱甘肽(GSH ) 。结果:HBOC-200 的单个申请改进了胰腺的微循环并且显著地减少了组织病理学说的织物损坏。MDA 的织物集中没在这些组之间不同。另外,在 GSH 层次的差别都没被检测。结论:不过 HBOC-200 和 HES 的单个申请改进胰腺的微循环,在类脂化合物的没有差别每氧化,产品被检测。另外的氧供应(HBOC-200 ) 的有益的效果不每氧化导致提高的类脂化合物。 | Helge Kleinhans Oliver Mann Paulus G Schurr Jussuf T Kaifi Bente Hansen Jakob R Izbicki Tim Strate | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，18： | 6 |
| 4 | 白细胞介素-10在T_H1和T_H2反应相互调节中的作用显示文摘对于T 辅助细胞(T_H)亚群的识别进一步加深了对免疫效应功能调节的了解。T_H 亚群除控制体液免疫和延迟型超敏反应以外,还通过分泌抑制性细胞因子来相互调节。Tim Mosmann 和Kevin Moore 分析总结了这些现象,尤其是由T_H 2细胞分泌的能够抑制T_H 1细胞功能的白细胞介素-10的作用。 | Tim R Mosmann Kevin W Moore 边立军 | 1992 | 国外医学(免疫学分册)1992，15，1： | 5 |
| 5 | Refining pathological evaluation of neoadjuvant therapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus显示文摘AIM:To assess tumour regression grade(TRG)and lymph node downstaging to help define patients who benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS:Two hundred and eighteen consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal junction treated with surgery alone or neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery between 2005and 2011 at a single institution were reviewed.Triplet neoadjuvant chemotherapy consisting of platinum,fluoropyrimidine and anthracycline was considered for operable patients(World Health Organization performance status≤2)with clinical stage T2-4 N0-1.Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC)was assessed using TRG,as described by Mandard et al.In addition lymph node downstaging was also assessed.Lymph node downstaging was defined by cN1 at diagnosis:assessed radiologically(computed tomography,positron emission tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography),then pathologically recorded as N0 after surgery;ypN0 if NAC given prior to surgery,or pN0if surgery alone.Patients were followed up for 5 years post surgery.Recurrence was defined radiologically,with or without pathological confirmation.An association was examined between t TRG and lymph node downstaging with disease free survival(DFS)and a comprehensive range of clinicopathological characteristics.RESULTS:Two hundred and eighteen patients underwent esophageal resection during the study interval with a mean follow up of 3 years(median follow up:2.552,95%CI:2.022-3.081).There was a 1.8%(n=4)inpatient mortality rate.One hundred and thirty-six(62.4%)patients received NAC,with 74.3%(n=101)of patients demonstrating some signs of pathological tumour regression(TRG 1-4)and 5.9%(n=8)having a complete pathological response.Forty four point one percent(n=60)had downstaging of their nodal disease(cN1 to ypN0),compared to only 15.9%(n=13)that underwent surgery alone(pre-operatively overstaged:cN1 to pN0),(P<0.0001).Response to NAC was associated with significantly increased DFS(mean DFS;TRG 1-2:5.1years,95%CI:4.6-5.6 vs TRG 3-5:2.8 years,95%CI:2.2-3.3,P<0.0001).Nodal down-staging conferred a significant DFS advantage for those patients with a poor primary tumour response to NAC(median DFS;TRG 3-5 and nodal down-staging:5.533 years,95%CI:3.558-7.531 vs TRG 3-5 and no nodal down-staging:1.114 years,95%CI:0.961-1.267,P<0.0001).CONCLUSION:Response to NAC in the primary tumour and in the lymph nodes are both independently associated with improved DFS. | Fergus Noble Luke Nolan Adrian C Bateman James P Byrne Jamie J Kelly Ian S Bailey Donna M Sharland Charlotte N Rees Timothy J Iveson Tim J Underwood Andrew R Bateman | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 4 |
| 6 | 澳大利亚人乳头状瘤病毒疫苗计划实施5年对年轻人群生殖器疣患病情况的影响:国家调查数据分析显示文摘目的评估2007年中开始的澳大利亚人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)疫苗计划对生殖器疣患病情况的影响。设计国家调查数据趋势分析。数据来源数据收集于2004--2011年度澳大利亚8所性健康服务机构;其中2所最大的临床中心收集了自我报告的本中心2009年度HPV疫苗现状。研究对象2004--2011年度首次就诊的85770名澳大利亚出生的国民;其中7686(9.0%)名患生殖器疣。主要结局测量比较前疫苗时期(2004—2007年中)和疫苗时期(2007年中-2001年末)不同人群生殖器疣新发病率变化趋势。结果疫苗时期21岁以下和21~30岁女性诊断患有生殖器疣的比例明显下降,发病率分别从2007年度的11.5%和11.3%下降至2011年度的0.85%和3.1%,P均〈0.001。在30岁以上的女性中未发现发病率的明显下降。在21岁以下和21~30岁异性恋男性人群中疫苗时期生殖器疣的发病率较前疫苗时期明显下降,分别由2007年度12.1%和18.2%下降至2011年度2.2%和8.9%,P均〈0.001。30岁以上的异性恋男性人群中发病率无明显下降。2011年235名21岁以下女性在使用HPV疫苗后无新发生殖器疣病例。结论年轻女性生殖器疣发病率的显著下降和2011年度部分年轻女性使用疫苗后的零发病率,说明HPV疫苗获得实验室外的良好功效。异性恋男性生殖器疣发病率的显著下降可能是由于群体免疫所致。 | Hammad Ali,lecturer Basil Donovan, professor HandanWand,senior lecturer Tim R H Read, sexual health physician David G Regan,senior lecturer Andrew E Grulich, professor Christopher K FaMey, professor Rebecca J Guy, associate professor 尹婕(译) 潘凌亚(校) | 2013 | 英国医学杂志中文版2013，16，4： | 4 |
| 7 | EU-Citizen.Science:A Platform for Mainstreaming Citizen Science and Open Science in Europe显示文摘Citizen Science(CS)is a prominent field of application for Open Science(OS),and the two have strong synergies,such as:advocating for the data and metadata generated through science to be made publicly available[1];supporting more equitable collaboration between different types of scientists and citizens;and facilitating knowledge transfer to a wider range of audiences[2].While primarily targeted at CS,the EU-Citizen.Science platform can also support OS.One of its key functions is to act as a knowledge hub to aggregate,disseminate and promote experience and know-how;for example,by profiling CS projects and collecting tools,resources and training materials relevant to both fields.To do this,the platform has developed an information architecture that incorporates the public participation in scientific research(PPSR)-Common Conceptual Model.This model consists of the Project Metadata Model,the Dataset Metadata Model and the Observation Data Model,which were specifically developed for CS initiatives.By implementing these,the platform will strengthen the interoperating arrangements that exist between other,similar platforms(e.g.,BioCollect and SciStarter)to ensure that CS and OS continue to grow globally in terms of participants,impact and fields of application. | Katherin Wagenknecht Tim Woods Francisco García Sanz Margaret Gold Anne Bowser Simone Rüfenacht Luigi Ceccaroni Jaume Piera | 2021 | Data Intelligence2021，3，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Efficient photon coupling from a diamond nitrogen vacancy center by integration with silica fiber显示文摘A central goal in quantum information science is to efficiently interface photons with single optical modes for quantum networking and distributed quantum computing.Here,we introduce and experimentally demonstrate a compact and efficient method for the low-loss coupling of a solid-state qubit,the nitrogen vacancy(NV)center in diamond,with a single-mode optical fiber.In this approach,single-mode tapered diamond waveguides containing exactly one high quality NV memory are selected and integrated on tapered silica fibers.Numerical optimization of an adiabatic coupler indicates that near-unity-efficiency photon transfer is possible between the two modes.Experimentally,we find an overall collection efficiency between 16%and 37%and estimate a single photon count rate at saturation above 700 kHz.This integrated system enables robust,alignment-free,and efficient interfacing of single-mode optical fibers with single photon emitters and quantum memories in solids. | Rishi N Patel Tim Schröder Noel Wan Luozhou Li Sara L Mouradian Edward H Chen Dirk R Englund | 2016 | Light(Science & Applications)2016，5，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Reduced striatal volumes in Parkinson’s disease:a magnetic resonance imaging study显示文摘Background:The presence and extent of structural changes in the brain as a consequence of Parkinson’s disease(PD)is still poorly understood.Methods:High-resolution 3-tesla T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance images in sixty-five PD and 27 age-matched healthy control participants were examined.Putamen,caudate,and intracranial volumes were manually traced in the axial plane of 3D reconstructed images.Striatal nuclei volumes were normalized to intracranial volume for statistical comparison.Disease status was assessed using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale and Hoehn and Yahr scale.Cognitive status was assessed using global status tests and detailed neuropsychological testing.Results:Both caudate and putamen volumes were smaller in PD brains compared to controls after adjusting for age and gender.Caudate volumes were reduced by 11%(p=0.001)and putamen volumes by 8.1%(p=0.025).PD striatal volumes were not found to be significantly correlated with cognitive or motor decline.Conclusion:Small,but significant reductions in the volume of both the caudate and putamen occur in PD brains.These reductions are independent of the effects of age and gender,however the relation of these reductions to the functional loss of dopamine,which is characteristic of PD,remains unclear. | Toni L Pitcher Tracy R Melzer Michael R MacAskill Charlotte F Graham Leslie Livingston Ross J Keenan Richard Watts John C Dalrymple-Alford Tim J Anderson | 2012 | Translational Neurodegeneration2012，1，1： | 2 |
| 10 | Assessment of erosion haz- ard with the USLE and GIS A ease study of the Upper Ewaso Nglro North basin of Kenya显示文摘 | Bancy M Mati Royston P C Morgan Francis N Gichuki John N Quinton Tim R Brewer Hans P l iniger | 2000 | lnternation Journal of Applied Earth Ob- servation and Geoinformation2000，2，2： | 1 |
| 11 | A Parallel Architecture for the Discrete Wavelet Transform with Integer Lifting Scheme显示文摘 | Ferret tiM R izzo D | 2001 | Journal of VLSI Signal Processing2001，28，： | 1 |
| 12 | Biochar Adsorbed Ammonia Is Bioavailable显示文摘 | Arezoo Taghizadeh -Toosi Tim J Clough Robert R Sherlock | 2012 | Plant and Soil2012，350，2： | 1 |
| 13 | The Determinants and Implications of Cash Holdings 显示文摘 | Opler Tim Lee Pinkowitz R' ene Stulz and Rohan Williamson | 1999 | Journal of Financial Economics1999，，52： | 1 |
| 14 | Tectonostratigraphic development of the Interior Sudan Rifts,Central Africa显示文摘 | TIM R Mchargue TOM L Heidrick JACK E Livingston | 1992 | Tectonophysics1992，21，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Preprocessing EO-1 Hyperion Hyperspectral Data to Support the Application of Agricultural Indexes显示文摘 | Bisun Datt Tim R McVicar Tom G Van Noel | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing2003，41，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Evaluating agricultural nonpoint-source pollution using integrated geographic information systems and hydrologic/water quality model显示文摘 | Tim U S R Jolly | 1994 | J Environ Qual1994，23，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Evaluation of cylinder-impact test data for constitutive model constants 显示文摘 | Johnson Gordon R Holmquist Tim J | 1988 | Journal of Applied Physics1988，64，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Communication skills training in healthcare: A review of the literature 显示文摘 | Simon C Tim J Jacqueline R | 2002 | Nurs Edu Today2002，22，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Communication skills training in heahhcare: A review of the literature 显示文摘 | Simon C Tim J Jacqueline R l | 2002 | Nurs Edu Today2002，22，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Biochar Incorporation into Pasture Soil Suppresses in situ Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Ruminant Urine Patches显示文摘 | Taghizadeh-Toosi Arezoo Clough Tim J Condron Leo M Sherlock Robert R Anderson Craig R Craigie Robin A | 2011 | EN2011，，2： | 1 |
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