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| 1 | Shear Strength of Prestressed Concrete T-Beams with Steel Fibers Over Partial/Full Depth显示文摘 | Thomas Job Ananth Ramaswamy | 2007 | ACl Structural Journal2007，，： | 1 |
| 2 | Linking log files with dosimetric accuracy – A multi-institutional study on quality assurance of volumetric modulated arc therapy显示文摘 | Marlies Pasler Jochem Kaas Thijs Perik Job Geuze Ralf Dreindl Thomas Künzler Frits Wittkamper Dietmar Georg | 2015 | Radiotherapy and Oncology2015，，： | 1 |
| 3 | 由标准气象站数据估计出的非洲撒哈拉以南土壤的气候和分解者活动:土壤碳平衡计算的一个简单气候指数显示文摘本文逐日计算了土壤的生物学活动,使用的是非洲气象站的标准气象数据、一个简单的土壤水分模型,并且使用了关于温度、土壤含水量和生物学活动之间关系的一般性假设。活动系数r_(e_clim)由日土壤湿度和温度计算得出,从而考虑了温度与湿度之间的交互作用。瑞典中部(粘壤土,无作物)r_(e_clim)的年均值标准化为1,在那里进行了最初的校准。由于土壤在储水能力和植物覆被上的差异会对蒸腾作用产生影响,所以我们选择的样地均为无作物的该土壤,这样就只包括了气候差异。瑞典r_(e_clim)值,1,相当于诸如表土中含有的谷类秸杆等的年质量亏损约50%。非洲r_(e_clim)年均值在干热地点(法亚,乍得)为1.1,温湿地点(布拉柴维尔,刚果)为4.7之间变动。肯尼亚样地的r_(e_clim)值为2.1(高海拔,Matanya)至4.1(肯尼亚西部,Ahero)。这意味着假如土壤类型和经营相同,那么必须有4.1倍于瑞典的碳输入才能将Ahero的土壤碳水平维持在瑞典水平。对每一块样地都绘制了r_(e_clim)日动态图,并讨论了年内动态差异。模拟实验表明,如果将土壤碳平衡的瑞典土壤移至肯尼亚的Ahero,30年内其土壤碳将损失41%。如果将Ahero保持碳平衡的土壤移至瑞典,30年内其土壤碳含量将增加64%。本文讨论了方法与结论的有效性,并将r_(e_clim)与其它气候指数进行了对比。本文还提出了一种对r_(e_clim)值进行粗略估计的简易方法。 | Olof Andrén Job Kihara André Bationo Bernard Vanlauwe Thomas Ktterer 王胜 | 2007 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2007，36，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Occurrence of seeding metastases in resectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma and the role of low-dose radiotherapy to prevent this显示文摘BACKGROUND Preoperative biliary drainage in patients with presumed resectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(PHC)is hypothesized to promote the occurrence of seeding metastases.Seeding metastases can occur at the surgical scars or at the site of postoperative drains,and in case of percutaneous biliary drainage,at the catheter port-site.To prevent seeding metastases after resection,we routinely treated PHC patients with preoperative radiotherapy(RT)for over 25 years until January 2018.AIM To investigate the incidence of seeding metastases following resection of PHC.METHODS All patients who underwent resection for pathology proven PHC between January 2000 and March 2019 were included in this retrospective study.Between 2000-January 2018,patients received preoperative RT(3×3.5 Gray).RT was omitted in patients treated after January 2018.RESULTS A total of 171 patients underwent resection for PHC between January 2000 and March 2019.Of 171 patients undergoing resection,111 patients(65%)were treated with preoperative RT.Intraoperative bile cytology showed no difference in the presence of viable tumor cells in bile of patients undergoing preoperative RT or not.Overall,two patients(1.2%)with seeding metastases were identified,both in the laparotomy scar and both after preoperative RT(one patient with endoscopic and the other with percutaneous and endoscopic biliary drainage).CONCLUSION The incidence of seeding metastases in patients with resected PHC in our series was low(1.2%).This low incidence and the inability of providing evidence that preoperative low-dose RT prevents seeding metastases,has led us to discontinue preoperative RT in patients with resectable PHC in our center. | Lotte C Franken Eva Roos Job Saris Jeanin E van Hooft Otto M van Delden Joanne Verheij Joris I Erdmann Marc G Besselink Olivier R Busch Geertjan van Tienhoven Thomas M van Gulik | 2020 | World Journal of Hepatology2020，12，11： | 0 |
| 5 | Lay perceptions of breast cancer in Western Kenya显示文摘AIM: To explore lay perceptions of causes, severity, presenting symptoms and treatment of breast cancer. METHODS: In October-November 2012, we recruited men and women(18 years and older) from households and health facilities in three different parts of Western Kenya, chosen for variations in their documented burdens of breast cancer. A standardized and validated tool,the breast cancer awareness measure(BCAM), was administered in face-to-face interviews. Survey domains covered included socio-demographics, opinions about causes, symptoms, severity, and treatment of breast cancer. Descriptive analyses were done on quantitative data while open-ended answers were coded, and emerging themes were integrated into larger categories in a qualitative analysis. The open-ended questions had been added to the standard BCAM for the purposes of learning as much as the investigators could about underlying lay beliefs and perceptions. RESULTS: Most respondents were female, middle-aged(mean age 36.9 years), married, and poorly educated. Misconceptions and lack of knowledge about causes of breast cancer were reported. The following(in order of higher to lower prevalence) were cited as potential causes of the condition: Genetic factors or heredity(n = 193, 12.3%); types of food consumed(n = 187, 11.9%); witchcraft and curses(n = 108, 6.9%); some family planning methods(n = 56, 3.6%); and use of alcohol and tobacco(n = 46, 2.9%). When asked what they thought of breast cancer's severity, the most popular response was 'it is a killer disease'(n = 266, 19.7%) a lethal condition about which little or nothing can be done. While opinions about presenting symptoms and signs of breast cancer were able to be elicited, such as an increase in breast size and painful breasts, earlystage symptoms and signs were not widely recognized. Some respondents(14%) were ignorant of available treatment altogether while others felt breast cancer treatment is both dangerous and expensive. A minority reported alternative medicine as providing relief to patients. CONCLUSION: The impoverished knowledge in these surveys suggests that lay education as well as better screening and treatment should be part of breast cancer control in Kenya. | Violet Naanyu Chite Fredrick Asirwa Juddy Wachira Naftali Busakhala Job Kisuya Grieven Otieno Alfred Keter Anne Mwangi Orango Elkanah Omenge Thomas Inui | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2015，6，5： | 0 |
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