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| 1 | Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasound in discrimination between focal pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer显示文摘瞄准:作为基于微容器的灌注特征把发炎区分开来与胰腺的癌的一个方法评估提高对比的 endosonography。方法:在有怀疑的慢性胰炎的 86 个病人(变老:62+/-12 年;性别:f/m 38/48 ) ,胰腺的损害被常规内视镜的 B 模式,力量 Doppler 超声和提高对比的力量模式检验(日立 EUB 525, SonoVue, 2.4 mL, Bracco ) 用为恶意的损害的下列标准:用常规力量 Doppler 的没有可检测的 vascularisation 在用 SonoVue 提高对比的技术和没有可检测的静脉的容器里面的短距离上的动脉的容器的扫描、不规则的外观损害。如果所有标准是可检测的,恶意的损害被假定[内视镜的超声(EUS ) 指导了的标准答案好针渴望细胞学,操作] 。没有瘤形成的慢性胰炎的标准在 SonoVue 的注射前被定义为没有可检测的 vascularisation,在在 SonoVue 的注射和动脉、静脉的容器的察觉以后的至少 20 公里的距离上的容器的常规外观。结果:常规 EUS 的敏感和特性为胰腺的癌症分别地是 73.2% 和 83.3% 。与恶意的胰腺的损害和特性在 56 个病人中的 51 个增加到 91.1% 的提高对比的 EUS 的敏感与长期的煽动性的胰腺的疾病在 30 个病人中的 28 个增加了到 93.3% 。结论:提高对比的内视镜的超声改进在慢性胰炎和胰腺的癌之间的区别。 | Michael Hocke Ewald Schulze Peter Gottschalk Theodor Topalidis Christoph F Dietrich | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，2： | 43 |
| 2 | New insights on premature ejaculation: a review of :lefinition, classification, prevalence and treatmeni显示文摘关于早泄(PE ) 的定义,分类和流行有进行中的争论。PE 的第一个基于证据的定义与终生的 PE 被限制到异性爱的人从事阴道交际。不幸地,有 PE 的抱怨的许多病人不满足这些标准。然而,这些人能作为 PE 子类型,也就是获得的 PE,自然可变 PE 或象早熟一样之一被诊断射精的机能障碍。不过,这些子类型的有效性被证据还没支持了。一个普遍接受的 PE 定义的缺席和为数据获得的标准的缺乏导致了报导了冲突率的流行研究。20 % 的高流行; -30%可能由于在如此的调查被进行的时间在定义使用的含糊的术语。尽管当为基于人口的流行研究询问了时,许多人可以抱怨 PE,仅仅他们的一些将活跃地为他们的抱怨寻求治疗,尽管大多数这些病人将定义与 PE 适合的症状。获得的 PE 病人的抱怨可能是更严重的,而经历象早熟一样的病人的抱怨射精的机能障碍与 PE 的各种各样的形式在人之中似乎最少严重。尽管众多的治疗形式为 PE 的管理被建议了,仅仅抗抑郁剂和热门麻木的乳脂当前被证明了有效。当任何一个都没被规章的机构同意了治疗形式,进一步的研究不管多么必须被带为 PE 开发有益的治疗策略。 | Ege C Serefoglu Theodore R Saitz | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，6： | 34 |
| 3 | 亚洲流行性乙型脑炎的控制显示文摘 | Theodore F Tsai | 2005 | 中国计划免疫2005，11，5： | 26 |
| 4 | 厌氧真菌体外发酵筛选技术的研究显示文摘分离自不同地区、不同动物的 30株厌氧真菌菌株分两次进行发酵降解试验。发酵底物为麦秸 ,其干物质含量为 5g·L-1,利用气压转换技术测定菌株发酵的产气量。试验Ⅰ 10个菌株降解麦秸所得的表观干物质消失率为 46 6~ 5 79mg·g-1,总产气量为 110~ 15 0mL。试验Ⅱ 2 0个菌株的表观干物质消失率为 386~ 5 94mg·g-1,总产气量为 99~ 144mL。两次试验中共有 2 4个菌株的总产气量与表观干物质消失率成正相关 ,相关系数 (R2 )分别为 0 917和 0 90 3。除菌株W 6外 ,2 9个菌株在 1/ 2气体总量时的生长速率相似 ,为 0 0 32~ 0 0 42h-1。菌株W 6的生长速率为 0 0 2 5h-1。 30个菌株的延滞期为 15 4~ 30 2h。结果说明 ,利用气压转化技术测定发酵产气量能方便有效地用于厌氧真菌生长动力学的比较和菌株的筛选 。 | 朱伟云 毛胜勇 王全军 姚文 M K Theodorou | 2001 | 南京农业大学学报2001，24，3： | 25 |
| 5 | Smart Manufacturing and Intelligent Manufacturing:A Comparative Review显示文摘The application of intelligence to manufacturing has emerged as a compelling topic for researchers and industries around the world.However,different terminologies,namely smart manufacturing(SM)and intelligent manufacturing(IM),have been applied to what may be broadly characterized as a similar paradigm by some researchers and practitioners.While SM and IM are similar,they are not identical.From an evolutionary perspective,there has been little consideration on whether the definition,thought,connotation,and technical development of the concepts of SM or IM are consistent in the literature.To address this gap,the work performs a qualitative and quantitative investigation of research literature to systematically compare inherent differences of SM and IM and clarify the relationship between SM and IM.A bibliometric analysis of publication sources,annual publication numbers,keyword frequency,and top regions of research and development establishes the scope and trends of the currently presented research.Critical topics discussed include origin,definitions,evolutionary path,and key technologies of SM and IM.The implementation architecture,standards,and national focus are also discussed.In this work,a basis to understand SM and IM is provided,which is increasingly important because the trend to merge both terminologies rises in Industry 4.0 as intelligence is being rapidly applied to modern manufacturing and human–cyber–physical systems. | Baicun Wang Fei Tao Xudong Fang Chao Liu Yufei Liu Theodor Freiheit | 2021 | Engineering2021，7，6： | 22 |
| 6 | Current status of adoption of no-till farming in the world and some of its main benefits显示文摘In 1999 no-tillage farming,synonymous of zero tillage farming or conservation agriculture,was adopted on about 45 million ha world wide,growing to 72 million ha in 2003 and to 111 million ha in 2009,corresponding to an growth rate of 6 million ha per annum.Fastest adoption rates have been experienced in South America where some countries are using no-tillage farming on about 70%of the total cultivated area.Opposite to countries like the USA where often fields under no-tillage farming are tilled every now and then,more than two thirds of the area under no-tillage systems in South America is permanently not tilled;in other words once adopted,the soil is never tilled again.The spread of no-tillage systems on more than 110 million ha world-wide shows the great adaptability of the systems to all kinds of climates,soils and cropping conditions.No-tillage is now being practiced from the artic circle over the tropics to about 50ºlatitude south,from sea level to 3,000 m altitude,from extremely rainy areas with 2,500 mm a year to extremely dry conditions with 250 mm a year.No-till farming offers a way of optimizing productivity and ecosystem services,offering a wide range of economic,environmental and social benefits to the producer and to the society.At the same time,no-till farming is enabling agriculture to respond to some of the global challenges associated with climate change,land and environmental degradation,and increasing cost of food,energy and production inputs.The wide recognition of no-till farming as a truly sustainable system should ensure the spread of the no-till technology and the associated practices of organic soil cover and crop rotation,as soon as the barriers to its adoption have been overcome,to areas where adoption is currently still low.The widespread adoption globally also shows that no-tillage farming cannot any more be considered a temporary fashion or a craze;instead largely through farmers’own effort,the system has established itself as a farming practice and a different way of thinking about sustainable agro-ecosystem management that can no longer be ignored by scientists,academics,extension workers,farmers at large as well as equipment and machine manufacturers and politicians. | Rolf Derpsch Theodor Friedrich Amir Kassam Li Hongwen | 2010 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2010，3，1： | 18 |
| 7 | 沙蜥属一有效种贵德沙蜥及红原沙蜥的分类研究(蜥蜴亚目:鬣蜥科)显示文摘形态、染色体特征聚类分析表明过去归入青海沙蜥的天祝、贵德居群被聚为一支 ,而青海沙蜥的其它居群和红原沙蜥聚为另一支 ,证明贵德、天祝居群与青海沙蜥有显著区别 ,应当恢复贵德沙蜥Phrynocephalusputjatia为有效种。贵德沙蜥与青海沙蜥的主要鉴别特征是前者的尾长大于吻肛长 ,后者的尾短 ,小于吻肛长 ,前者背鳞 10 0枚以上 ,后者背鳞不到 10 0枚。红原沙蜥Phryno cephalushongyuanensis与青海沙蜥的染色体和形态特征相似 ,应归隶青海沙蜥。 | 王跃招 曾晓茂 方自力 吴贯夫 刘志君 Theodore J.Papenfuss Robert J.Macey | 2002 | 动物分类学报2002，27，2： | 16 |
| 8 | Surgical management of necrotizing pancreatitis:An overview显示文摘Necrotizing pancreatitis is an uncommon yet serious complication of acute pancreatitis with mortality rates reported up to 15%that reach 30%in case of infection.Traditionally open surgical debridement was the only tool in our disposal to manage this serious clinical entity.This approach is however associated with poor outcomes.Management has now shifted away from open surgical debridement to a more conservative management and minimally invasive approaches.Contemporary approach to patients with necrotizing pancreatitis and/or infectious pancreatitis is summarized in the 3Ds:Delay,Drain and Debride.Patients can be managed in the intensive care unit and any intervention should be delayed.Percutaneous drainage can be utilized first and early in the course of the disease,followed by endoscopic drainage or video assisted retroperitoneoscopic drainage if necrosectomy is deemed necessary.Open surgery is now less frequently performed and should be reserved for cases refractory to any other approach.The management of necrotizing pancreatitis therefore requires a multidisciplinary dynamic model of approach rather than being a surgical disease. | George Kokosis Alexander Perez Theodore N Pappas | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，43： | 16 |
| 9 | Recent progress on ULF wave and its interactions with energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere显示文摘The global distribution properties of Ultra Low Frequency wave (ULF) in the inner magnetospgere and its interactions with energetic particles, such as the wave-particle resonance, modulation, and particle acceleration, are active topics in space physics research. These problems are fundamentally important issues to understand the energy transport from the solar wind into the magnetosphere. In this paper we briefly reviewed the recent research progress on ULF wave and its interactions with energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere; furthermore, we suggested some open questions for future study. | Theodore A. FRITZ | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，10： | 16 |
| 10 | Sleep,immunity and inflammation in gastrointestinal disorders显示文摘Sleep disorders have become a global issue,and discovering their causes and consequences are the focus of many research endeavors.An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of sleep disorder.Certain sleep disorders have been shown to cause neurocognitive impairment such as decreased cognitive ability,slower response times and performance detriments.Recent research suggests that individuals with sleep abnormalities are also at greater risk of serious adverse health,economic consequences,and most importantly increased all-cause mortality.Several research studies support the associations among sleep,immune function and inflammation.Here,we review the current research linking sleep,immune function,and gastrointestinal diseases and discuss the interdependent relationship between sleep and these gastrointestinal disorders.Different physiologic processes including immune system and inflammatory cytokines help regulate the sleep.The inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor,interleukin-1(IL-1),and IL-6 have been shown to be a significant contributor of sleep disturbances.On the other hand,sleep disturbances such as sleep deprivation have been shown to up regulate these inflammatory cytokines.Alterations in these cytokine levels have been demonstrated in certain gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease,gastro-esophageal reflux,liver disorders and colorectal cancer.In turn,abnormal sleep brought on by these diseases is shown to contribute to the severity of these same gastrointestinal diseases.Knowledge of these relationships will allow gastroenterologists a great opportunity to enhance the care of their patients. | Tauseef Ali James Choe Ahmed Awab Theodore L Wagener William C Orr | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，48： | 15 |
| 11 | 应用PCR检测人工感染鸡体内鸡传染性贫血病毒的动态分布显示文摘应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测人工感染12周龄SPF鸡体内鸡传染性贫血病毒(CAV)的动态分布结果,感染后第2周可从外周血液白细胞中检出CAVDNA,在第3周时达到最高峰,然后逐渐下降,第6周时检出率仅为6.3%(3/48),第7周以后均未能从血液白细胞中检测到CAVDNA;人工感染后第2~12周均能从骨髓、胸腺、脾、肾、肝和腔上囊等组织检出CAVDNA,其中以骨髓和胸腺的检出率最高(85.0%),其次是脾(80.0%)、肾和肝(60.0%),腔上囊最低(25.0%),从12周以后上述几种组织中再未检测到CAVDNA。并从PCR检测结果为阳性的组织中也分离到CAV。 | 谢芝勋 Mazhar I.Khan Theodore Girshick | 1999 | 中国兽医科技1999，29，2： | 15 |
| 12 | Laparoscopic splenectomy:Current concepts显示文摘Since early 1990's,when it was inaugurally introduced,laparoscopic splenectomy has been performed with excellent results in terms of intraoperative and postoperative complications.Nowadays laparoscopic splenectomy is the approach of choice for both benign and malignant diseases of the spleen.However some contraindications still apply.The evolution of the technology has allowed though,cases which were considered to be absolute contraindications for performing a minimal invasive procedure to be treated with modified laparoscopic approaches.Moreover,the introduction of advanced laparoscopic tools for ligation resulted in less intraoperative complications.Today,laparoscopic splenectomy is considered safe,with better outcomes in comparison to open splenectomy,and the increased experience of surgeons allows operative times comparable to those of an open splenectomy.In this review we discuss the indications and the contraindications of laparoscopic splenectomy.Moreover we analyze the standard and modified surgical approaches,and we evaluate the short-term and long-term outcomes. | Evangelos P Misiakos George Bagias Theodore Liakakos Anastasios Machairas | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，9： | 14 |
| 13 | Serum cytokine profile in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic active hepatitis B and inactive hepatitis B virus carriers显示文摘An insufficient cellular immune response seems to be critical for the immunopathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.We have previously demonstrated no differences of T-lymphocyte subsets in blood between inactive hepatitis B s antigen(HBsAg) carriers and patients with HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B.This study investigated the peripheral blood cytokine profile in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B infection(Group A,n = 21) and inactive HBsAg carriers(Group B,n = 13).Serum cytokines [interferon(IFN)-γ,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin(IL)-1b,IL-4,IL-12,IL-10,IL-2,IL-5,IL-8] were analyzed by using flow cytometry.Patients with chronic active disease presented with significantly decreased levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 compared to inac-tive carriers(P = 0.048 and P = 0.008,respectively).In HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B patients,a significant negative correlation of IFN-γ levels with serum hepatitis B viral load was noted(P = 0.021).In conclusion,patients with HBeAg-negative chronic active hepatitis B and HBsAg inactive carriers display a different cytokine profile.Decreased Th1 response observed in patients with chronic active hepatitis B could be implicated in the persistence of virus replication and ongoing progression of liver disease. | Dimitra Dimitropoulou Marina Karakantza Georgios L Theodorou Lydia Leonidou Stelios F Assimakopoulos Athanasia Mouzaki Charalambos A Gogos | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2013，4，1： | 13 |
| 14 | Significance of preoperative C-reactive protein as a parameter of the perioperative course and long-term prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus显示文摘瞄准:C 反应的蛋白质(CRP ) 是尖锐阶段的反应物和瘤的恶意的潜力的已知的指示物。这研究的目的是作为起作用的仙子的一个参数调查外科手术前的 CRP 的意义在有有鳞的房间癌和食道的腺癌的病人的路线和长期的预后。方法:浆液 CRP 在从 1989 年 12 月为癌症经历 oesophagectomy 到 2004 年 3 月的 371 个病人中的 291 个外科手术前地被决定。中部的耐心的年龄是 59 (28-79 ) 年, 82.5% 病人是男性。有鳞的房间癌在 151 被诊断(51.9%) 并且在 122 个病人的腺癌。Transhiatal oesophagectomy 在 151 被做(51.9%) 病人并且 134 (46.0%) 病人们经历了腹胸的过程。结果:(43.6%) 在 127,外科手术前的浆液 CRP 集中在正常以内的病人变化(<
5 mg/dL ) ,提高的 CRP 层次在 164 被测量(56.4%) 病人。瘤扩展(P <
0.0005 ) 并且淋巴节点的数字由变形传播影响了(P = 0.015 ) 显著地与提高的 CRP 层次在这个组被增加。在起作用的仙子之中参数两输血的数字(P = 0.006 ) 并且一般复杂并发症率(P = 0.002 ) 在有提高的外科手术前的 CRP 层次的病人是更高的。13.6 的长期的幸存率(0-109.8 ) 瞬间在有与 18.9 相比的提高的 CRP 层次的组是更差的(0-155.4 ) 在有正常 CRP 的组的瞬间铺平(木头等级测试:P = 0.107 ) 。有向后的变量选择的 Multivariate 分析与食道的癌在病人作为长期的预后的一个独立预示的因素识别了外科手术前的 CRP,与 1.182 的危险比率(95% 信心间隔:1.030-1.356 ) 。结论:外科手术前的浆液 CRP 水平是在有有鳞的房间癌和食道的腺癌的病人的一个容易坚定的独立预示的标记。 | Ines Gockel Kathrin Dirksen Claudia M Messow Theodor Junginger | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，23： | 12 |
| 15 | A new pancreaticojejunostomy technique: A battle against postoperative pancreatic fistula显示文摘AIM:To present a new technique of end-to-side, ductto-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy with seromuscular jejunal flap formation, and insertion of a silicone stent. METHODS:We present an end-to-side, duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy with seromuscular jejunal flap formation, and the insertion of a silicone stent. This technique was performed in thirty-two consecutive patients who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy procedure by the same surgical team, from January 2005 to March 2011. The surgical procedure performed in all cases was classic pancreaticoduodenectomy, without preservation of the pylorus. The diagnosis of pancreatic leakage was defined as a drain output of any measurable volume of fluid on or after postoperative day 3 with an amylase concentration greater than three times the serum amylase activity. RESULTS:There were 32 patients who underwent end-to-side, duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy with seromuscular jejunal flap formation. Thirteen of them were women and 19 were men. These data correspond to 40.6% and 59.4%, respectively. The mean age was 64.2 years, ranging from 55 to 82 years. The mean operative time was 310.2 ± 40.0 min, and was defined as the time period from the intubation up to the extubation of the patient. Also, the mean time needed to perform the pancreaticojejunostomy was 22.7 min, ranging from 18 to 25 min. Postoperatively, one patient developed a low output pancreatic fistula, three patients developed surgical site infection, and one patient developed pneumonia. The rate of overall morbidity was 15.6%. There was no 30-d postoperative mortality. CONCLUSION:This modification appears to be a significantly safe approach to the pancreaticojejunostomy without adversely affecting operative time. | Stylianos Katsaragakis Andreas Larentzakis Sotirios-Georgios Panousopoulos Konstantinos G Toutouzas Dimitrios Theodorou Spyridon Stergiopoulos Georgios Androulakis | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，27： | 12 |
| 16 | Improved spontaneous erectile function in men with mild-tomoderate arteriogenic erectile dysfunction treated with a nightly dose of sildenafil for one year: a randomized trial显示文摘瞄准:为了测试假设,那 sildenafil (为一年夜里的 50 mg ) 能与 mild-to-moderate arteriogenic 在人改进自发的可勃起的功能(EF ) 可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 对 erectogenic 处理应答。方法:在未来的开标签的试用,有编辑的 112 个人被使随机化到 sildenafil 夜里的 50 mg 或 sildenafil 需要 for12 月的 50 或 100 mg,由一个月和 6 月的非药物治疗的时期列在后面。非使随机化,有编辑的 non-medicatedmen 也被估计。可勃起的功能(IIEFEF ) 和山峰的国际索引的 EF 领域阴茎多孔的动脉的收缩速度(PSV ) 被用来测量功效。结果:在 sildenafil 处理和一个随后的非药物治疗的月以后, IIEF EF 在 48 中的 29 个是正常的(60.4% , 95% 信心间隔[CI ] :45.3-74.2%) 夜里的组对 4 of49 (8.2% , 95% CI:2.3-19.6%) 同样需要的组。PSV 由 11.2 cm/s 改善了(95% CI:4.7-21.4;P= 0.012 ) 在夜里的组,但是仅仅由 3.4 cm/s (-5.1-14.7;P = 0.435 ) 在同样需要的 group.IIEF, EF 在 18 中的 1 个使正常化(5.6% , 95% CI:0.1-27.3%) 非药物治疗的人和 PSV 稍微拒绝了。在处理,正常的仍然是的 IIEF EF 和 PSV 以后的六个月在大多数被稳定(28/29, 97%) 开始使正常化的夜里的组人。结论:为一年夜里的 Sildenafil 导致了在处理的结束以后坚持了很好的编辑回归,以便 spontaneousEF 在大多数人在 IIEF 上作为正常被描绘。从这开标签的、使随机化的试用的结果在双窗帘下面保证确认,控制安慰剂的条件。 | Frank Sommer Theodor Klotz Udo Engelmann | 2007 | Asian Journal of Andrology2007，9，1： | 12 |
| 17 | Circulating lymphangiogenic growth factors in gastrointestinal solid tumors, could they be of any clinical significance?显示文摘Metastasis is the principal cause of cancer mortality, with the lymphatic system being the first route of tumor dissemination. The glycoproteins VEGF-C and VEGF-D are members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family, whose role has been recently recognized as lymphatic system regulators during embryogenesis and in pathological processes such as inflammation, lymphatic system disorders and malignant tumor metastasis. They are ligands for the VEGFR-3 receptor on the membrane of the lymphatic endothelial cell, resulting in dilatation of existing lymphatic vessels as well as in vegetation of new ones (lymphangiogenesis). Their determination is feasible in the circulating blood by immunoabsorption and in the tissue specimen by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Experimental and clinicopathological studies have linked the VEGF-C, VEGF-D/VEGFR3 axis to lymphatic spread as well as to the clinical outcome in several human solid tumors. The majority of these data are derived from surgical specimens and malignant cell series, rendering their clinical application questionable, due to subjectivity factors and post-treatment quantification. In an effort to overcome these drawbacks, an alternative method of immunodetection of the circulating levels of these molecules has been used in studies on gastric, esophageal and colorectal cancer. Their results denotethat quantification of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in blood samples could serve as lymph node metastasis predictive biomarkers and contribute to preoperative staging of gastrointestinal malignancies. | Theodore D Tsirlis George Papastratis Kyriaki Masselou Christos Tsigris Antonis Papachristodoulou Alkiviadis Kostakis Nikolaos I Nikiteas | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，17： | 12 |
| 18 | 坐位和重体力工作人群腰背痛流行病学调查显示文摘[目的 ]探讨坐位和重体力工作人群腰背痛的患病情况及其相关危险因素。 [方法 ]对 3类工作人群 (固定体姿、重体力和教师等工种 ,以轻体力自由体姿教师组作为参比组 )采用标准问卷和体检等方法进行横断面调查 ,共调查3 5 6人 (3组分别为 81,181和 94人 )。 [结果 ]坐位、重体力和参比组的累积患病率分别为 79 0 % ,60 2 % ,45 8% ,年患病率分别为 74 1% ,46 4% ,3 7 5 % ,周患病率分别为 3 3 3 % ,13 3 % ,2 1 9% ;对偏倚进行控制后 ,坐位工人累积患病率、年患病率和周患病率与参比组比较的OR值分别为 8 2 ,8 0 ,3 1,而重体力工人则为 4 8,3 7,3 8(P值均小于 0 0 5 )。 [结论 ]固定体姿和重体力劳动都是工作相关腰背痛的重要危险因素 ,健康工人效应在重体力工人组表现明显 ,工种和工作体力要求评分可影响腰背痛的患病情况 。 | 金克峙 Gary Sorock Theodore Courtney 姚振均 葛琳娜 梁友信 | 2002 | 环境与职业医学2002，19，1： | 12 |
| 19 | Multispecies probiotic protects gut barrier function in experimental models显示文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of the probiotic combination Lactibiane Tolerance?(LT)on epithelial barrier function in vitro and in vivo.METHODS:The effect of the multispecies probiotic LT was assessed on several models of epithelial barrier function both in vitro(in basal and inflammatory conditions)and in vivo[visceral hypersensitivity induced by chronic stress or by colonic perfusion of a fecal supernatant(FSN)from patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)].In vitro,we measured the permeability of confluent T84 cell monolayers incubated with or without LT by evaluating the paracellular flux of macromolecules,in basal conditions and after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)or with conditioned medium of colonic biopsies from IBS patients(IBS-CM).In vivo,male C57/Bl6 mice received orally NaCl or LT for 15 d and were submitted to water avoidance stress(WAS)before evaluating visceral sensitivity by measuring the myoelectrical activity of the abdominal muscle and the paracellular permeability with 51Cr-EDTA.Permeability and sensitivity were also measured after colonic instillation of FSN.Tight-junctions were assessed by immunoblotting and TLR-4 expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry RESULTS:Incubation of T84 cell monolayers with LT in basal conditions had no significant effect on permeability(P>0.05 vs culture medium).By contrast,addition of LT bacterial bodies(LT)completely prevented the LPS-induced increase in paracellular permeability(P<0.01 vs LPS 10 ng/mL(LPS 10);P<0.01 vs LPS 100ng/mL(LPS 100),P>0.05 vs culture medium).The effect was dose dependent as addition of 109 LT bacterial bodies induced a stronger decrease in absorbance than 106 LT(109 LT+LPS 10:-20.1%±13.4,P<0.01vs LPS 10;106 LT+LPS 10:-11.6%±6.2,P<0.01 vs LPS 10;109 LT+LPS 100:-14.4%±5.5,P<0.01 vs LPS 100;106 LT+LPS 100:-11.6%±7.3,P<0.05 vs LPS 100).Moreover,the increase in paracellular permeability induced by culturing T84 cells with conditioned medium of colonic biopsies from IBS patients(IBS-CM)was completely inhibited in the presence of 109 LT(P<0.01 vs IBS-CM).LT also significantly prevented the epithelial disruption induced by intracolonic infusion of fecal supernatant from IBS patients(P<0.01 vs IBS FSN)or water avoidance stress P<0.01 vs WAS)in C57/Bl6 mice and increased the expression of occludin in vitro and in vivo,as assessed by immnunoblotting.The WAS-induced effect on visceral sensitivity was prevented by LT treatment since values obtained for all steps of colorectal distension were significantly(P<0.01)different from the WAS group.Finally,LT downregulated the response mediated through TLR-4 in vitro(decrease in tumor necrosis factorαsecretion in response to LPS:-65.8%for 109 LT and-52.5%for 106LT,P<0.01 vs LPS)and in vivo(inhibition of WAS induced an increase in TLR-4 expression in the LT treated mice colon,P<0.01 vs WAS).CONCLUSION:The probiotic LT mix prevented the disruption to the epithelial barrier induced by LPS,stress or colonic soluble factors from IBS patients and prevented visceral hypersensitivity. | Mylene Nébot-Vivinus Cherryl Harkat Hanene Bzioueche Christel Cartier Raffaella Plichon-Dainese Lara Moussa Helene Eutamene Dorsa Pishvaie Sophie Holowacz Christian Seyrig Thierry Piche Vassilia Theodorou | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 12 |
| 20 | 为十二指肠的胃肠的 stromal 肿瘤的有限切除术:外科的管理和临床的结果显示文摘 AIM:To analyze our experience in patients with duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST) and review the appropriate surgical approach.METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients with duodenal GIST surgically treated at our medical institution between 2002 and 2011.Patient files,operative reports,radiological charts and pathology were analyzed.For surgical therapy open and laparoscopic wedge resections and segmental resections were performed for limited resection(LR).For extended resection pancreatoduodenectomy was performed.Age,gender,clinical symptoms of the tumor,anatomical localization,tumor size,mitotic count,type of resection resectional status,neoadjuvant therapy,adjuvant therapy,risk classification and follow-up details were investigated in this retrospective study.RESULTS:Nine patients(5 males/4 females) with a median age of 58 years were surgically treated.The median follow-up period was 45 mo(range 6-111 mo).The initial symptom in 6 of 9 patients was gastrointestinal bleeding(67%).Tumors were found in all four parts of the duodenum,but were predominantly located in the first and second part of the duodenum with each 3 of 9 patients(33%).Two patients received neoadjuvant medical treatment with 400 mg imatinib per day for 12 wk before resection.In one patient,the GIST resection was done by pancreatoduodenectomy.The 8 LRs included a segmental resection of pars 4 of the duodenum,5 wedge resections with primary closure and a wedge resection with luminal closure by Roux-Y duodeno-jejunostomy.One of these LRs was done minimally invasive;seven were done in open fashion.The median diameter of the tumors was 54 mm(14-110 mm).Using the Fletcher classification scheme,3/9(33%) tumors had high risk,1/9(11%) had intermediate risk,4/9(44%) had low risk,and 1/9(11%) had very low risk for aggressive behaviour.Seven resections showed microscopically negative transsection margins(R0),two showed positive margins(R1).No patient developed local recurrence during follow-up.The one patient who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy died due to progressive disease with hepatic metastasis but without evidence of local recurrence.Another patient died in complete remission due to cardiac disease.Seven of the nine patients are alive disease-free.CONCLUSION:In patients with duodenal GIST,limited surgical resection with microscopically negative margins,but also with microscopically positive margins,lead to very good local and systemic disease-free survival. | Jens Hoeppner Birte Kulemann Goran Marjanovic Peter Bronsert Ulrich Theodor Hopt | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2013，5，2： | 11 |
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