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| 1 | Alternatives to antibiotics as growth promoters for use in swine production:a review显示文摘In the past two decades, an intensive amount of research has been focused on the development of alternatives to antibiotics to maintain swine health and performance. The most widely researched alternatives include probiotics,prebiotics, acidifiers, plant extracts and neutraceuticals such as copper and zinc Since these additives have been more than adequately covered in previous reviews, the focus of this review will be on less traditional alternatives.The potential of antimicrobial peptides, clay minerals, egg yolk antibodies, essential oils, eucalyptus oil-medium chain fatty acids, rare earth elements and recombinant enzymes are discussed. Based on a thorough review of the literature, it is evident that a long and growing list of compounds exist which have been tested for their ability to replace antibiotics as feed additives in diets fed to swine. Unfortunately, the vast majority of these compounds produce inconsistent results and rarely equal antibiotics in their effectiveness. Therefore, it would appear that research is still needed in this area and that the perfect alternative to antibiotics does not yet exist. | Philip A Thacker | 2014 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2014，5，2： | 23 |
| 2 | Comparative clinical trial of S-pantoprazole versus racemic pantoprazole in the treatment of gastro-esophageal reflux disease显示文摘AIM: To compare the effi cacy and tolerability of S-pan- toprazole (20 mg once a day) versus racemic Panto- prazole (40 mg once a day) in the treatment of gastro- esophageal reflux disease (GERD). METHODS: This multi-centre, randomized, double-blind clinical trial consisted of 369 patients of either sex suf- fering from GERD. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either one tablet (20 mg) of S-pantoprazole once a day (test group) or 40 mg racemic pantoprazole once a day (reference group) for 28 d. Patients were evaluated for reduction in baseline on d 0, GERD symptom score on d 14 and 28, occurrence of any adverse effect during the course of therapy. Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy was performed in 54 patients enrolled at one of the study centers at baseline and on d 28. RESULTS: Signifi cant reduction in the scores (mean and median) for heart burn (P < 0.0001), acid regurgitation (P < 0.0001), bloating (P < 0.0001), nausea (P < 0.0001) and dysphagia (P < 0.001) was achieved in both groups on d 14 with further reduction on continuing the therapy till 28 d. There was a statistically signifi cant difference in the proportion of patients showing improvement in acid regurgitation and bloating on d 14 and 28 (P = 0.004 for acid regurgitation; P = 0.03 for bloating) and heart burn on d 28 (P = 0.01) between the two groups, with a higher proportion in the test group than in the refer- ence group. Absolute risk reductions for heartburn/acid regurgitation/bloating were approximately 15% on d 14 and 10% on d 28. The relative risk reductions were 26%-33% on d 14 and 15% on d 28. GI endoscopy showed no signifi cant difference in healing of esophagitis (P = 1) and gastric erosions (P = 0.27) between the two groups. None of the patients in either group reported any adverse effect during the course of therapy.CONCLUSION: In GERD, S-pantoprazole (20 mg) is more effective than racemic pantoprazole (40 mg) in improving symptoms of heartburn, acid regurgitation, bloating and equally effective in healing esophagitis and gastric erosions. The relative risk reduction is 15%-33%. Both drugs are safe and well tolerated. | Vikas G Pai Nitin V Pai Hemant P Thacker Jaisingh K Shinde Vijay P Mandora Subhash S Erram | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，37： | 19 |
| 3 | Studies on Reducing Nitrogen Excretion: Ⅰ. Net Energy Requirement of Finishing Pigs Maximizing Performance and Carcass Quality Fed Low Crude Protein Diets Supplemented with Crystalline Amino Acids显示文摘Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of net energy (NE) level on the performance and carcass traits of finishing pigs fed low crude protein (CP) diets supplemented with crystalline amino acids (CAA). A total of 216 (Exp.1) and 360 (Exp.2) barrows (Yorkshire×Landrace×Duroc) were allotted to one of six treatments (n=6). The experimental diets were based on corn and soybean meal, and consisted of a highCP diet that contained approximately 16% CP and 2.50 Mcal/kg of NE as well as five lowCP diets in which the CP level of the diet was reduced by approximately four percentage units but was supplemented with crystalline lysine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan. The low CP diets provided 2.64, 2.58, 2.50, 2.42, or 2.36 Mcal/kg in Exp.1 as well as 2.45, 2.40, 2.35, 2.30, or 2.25 Mcal/kg in Exp.2. In Exp.1, a linear (P=0.03) increase in weight gain was observed with decreasing NE level while the ratio of gain to feed was unaffected (P>0.05) by NE level. There was a linear increase (P=0.01) in the percentage of fatfree lean and a linear decrease (P=0.03) in the percentage of total fat with decreasing NE levels. In Exp.2, a significant quadratic (P=0.03) effect of NE level was observed for weight gain. The ratio of gain to feed demonstrated a significant (P<0.01) quadratic effect with pigs fed 2.35 and 2.40 Mcal/kg of NE. Pigs fed the diet containing 2.40 Mcal/kg of NE had the lowest percentage of total fat (36.95%) and the highest percentage of fatfree lean (49.36%). The overall results of these experiments indicate that feeding either a surplus or a deficiency of NE is detrimental to both pig performance and carcass composition when low CP diets supplemented with CAA are fed. Our results indicate that when the CP content of the diet is reduced by four percentage units and the diet is properly supplemented with CAA, maximum performance and carcass quality will be obtained if the diet provides approximately 2.42 Mcal/kg of NE. | Hongyu Chen Xuewu Yi Guijie Zhang Ning Lu Licui Chu P. A. Thacker Shiyan Qiao | 2011 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2011，2，2： | 9 |
| 4 | Sewage pollution in Negril, Jamaica: effects on nutrition and ecology of coral reef macroalgae显示文摘Coral reefs in the Negril Marine Park (NMP), Jamaica, have been increasingly impacted by nutrient pollution and macroalgal blooms following decades of intensive development as a major tourist destination. A baseline survey of DIN and SRP concentrations, C:N:P and stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) of abundant reef macroalgae on shallow and deep reefs of the NMP in 1998 showed strong P-limitation and evidence of increasing sewage pollution. In 1999, a sewage collection and treatment project began diverting wastewater from the resort and urban areas to a pond system that discharged partially-treated effluent into the South Negril River (SNR). These sewage discharges significantly increased concentrations of NH4+ and SRP (N:P ~13) in the SNR, which flows into Long Bay and around Negril’s 'West End'. Concentrations of SRP, the primary limiting nutrient, were higher on shallow reefs of the West End in 2001 compared to 1998. Stable nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N) of abundant reef macroalgae on both shallow and deep reefs of the West End in 2002 were significantly higher than baseline values in 1998, indicating an escalating impact of sewage nitrogen pollution over this timeframe. The increased nutrient concentrations and δ15N enrichment of reef macroalgae correlated with blooms of the chlorophyte Chaetomorpha linum in shallow waters of Long Bay and Codium isthmocladum and Caulerpa cupressoides on deep reefs of the West End. Sewage treatment systems adjacent to coral reefs must include nutrient removal to ensure that DIN and SRP concentrations, after dilution, are below the low thresholds noted for these oligotrophic ecosystems. | B. E. LAPOINTE K. THACKER C. HANSON L. GETTEN | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2011，29，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Effects of dietary ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on immunoglobulins, cytokines, fatty acid composition, and performance of lactating sows and suckling piglets显示文摘This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary ratios of n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on the performance of lactating sows and their piglets. Thirty pregnant Landrace sows were assigned to one of three treatments from d 108 of gestation until weaning (26-29 d) and were fed diets containing different ratios of n-6:n-3 PUFA including 3:1, 9:1 and 13:1. The effects on sow and litter production traits were examined together with an assessment of sow body condition. No differences were detected among the treatments for the daily feed intake of sows or changes in sow weight and back-fat levels during lactation (P > 0.05). Litter size at d 14 and d 21 were tended to increase in 3:1 treatment compared with 9:1 and 13:1 treatments (P < 0.10). Litter weight gain (1.77 kg/d) from d 0 to d 14 was tended to increase in 9:1 groups compared with the other two treatments (P < 0.10). A significant difference was observed for the content of α -linolenic acid, total n-3 PUFA, and the ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFA in the colostrum, milk, and piglets plasma (P < 0.01). The effects of different ratios of n-6:n-3 PUFA in sow diets on colostrum, milk, and piglet plasma immunoglobulin concentrations are studied. No difference was observed among treatments in the concentrations of IgM, and IgA in colostrum (P > 0.05). A great significant difference for IgG concentration was observed among 3 group in colostrum. A great significant difference for IgA, and IgM (P < 0.01) concentrations in piglet plasma at d14 and a significant difference for IgG(P < 0.05) was observed at d14. Furthermore, at d 21 of lactation, piglet plasma IgG and IgA concentration were greater in 3:1 compared with 13:1 group (P < 0.01). In summary, the current study demonstrated that altering the ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFA in lactating sow diet had an effect on the immune component including immunoglobulin and cytokines, and it tended to increase the litter average daily gain and improve the immune status of piglets when dietary ratio of n-6:n-3 PUFA was 9:1. | Wei Yao Jie Li Jun jun Wang Weiliang Zhou Qingbo Wang Rongchang Zhu Fenglai Wang Phil Thacker | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，2： | 4 |
| 6 | National Public Health Surveillance in China: Implications for Public Health in China and the United States显示文摘Study Objective:Throughout the world, political developments have brought new demands to communities to prevent and intervene in the incidence of infectious and noninfectious conditions.Historically, these developments have required new and more effective public health surveillance ac tivities. This report describes public health surveillance practice in the People’s Republic of China,making comparisons with selected aspects of surveillance in the United States with respect to collec tion, analysis, diasemination, and use of data. Main results: In both the People’s Republic of China and the United States, political change has affected health, and multiple surveillance system are used in public health practice. Surveillance of acute infectious diseases based on the reporting of legally notifiable diseases and the use of vital records for surveillance have the longest established history in both countries. In both countries, da ta from the surveillance systems have been used to affect public health policy.Conclusions: In comparing surveillance practices in there countries, we find similarities in con ditions reported and in the dissemination of the data. At the same time, legal, aseial, cultural, and economic differences between the nations have affected the practice of surveillance in analysis and evaluation. We make explicit recommendations for improvement and evaluation of systems in both countries including sentinel surveillance system and data quality measures in China and computer networking and data analysis in the United | YANG GONG-HUAN DONNA F. STROUP AND STEPHEN B. THACKER (Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, 27 Nan Wei Rd., Beijing 100050, China Epidemiology Program Office (Mail Stop C08 ),Centers for Disease Control | 1997 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1997，10，1： | 4 |
| 7 | 早期断奶仔猪的营养需要显示文摘 | Thacker 赵君梅 张永成 | 2000 | 国外畜牧科技2000，27，4： | 4 |
| 8 | The development of laminin-alginate microspheres encapsulated with Ginsenoside Rg1 and ADSCs for breast reconstruction after lumpectomy显示文摘Many technologies have been developed for breast reconstruction after lumpectomy.Although the technologies achieved promising success in clinical,there are still many shortages hanging over and trouble the researchers.Tissue engineering technology was introduced to plastic surgery that gave a light to lumpectomy patients in breast reconstruction.The unexpected absorption rate,resulting from limited vascularization and low cell survival rate,is a major factor that leads to unsatisfactory results for the previous studies in our lab.In the study,the laminin-modified alginate synthesized by a new method of low concertation of sodium periodate would be mixed with ADSCs and Rg1 in the medium;and then sprayed into a calcium chloride(CaCl2)solution to prepare into microsphere(abbreviated as ADSC-G-LAMS)by bio-electrospray with a power syringe for the mass production and smaller bead size.The developed ADSC-G-LAMS microspheres had the diameter of 232±42μm.Sustained-release of the Rg1 retained its biological activity.WST-1,live/dead staining,and chromosome aberration assay were evaluated to confirm the safety of the microspheres.In in vivo study,ADSC-G-LAMS microspheres combined with autologous adipocytes were transplanted into the dorsum of rats by subcutaneous injection.The efficacy was investigated by H&E and immunofluorescence staining.The results showed that the bioactive ADSC-G-LAMS microspheres could integrate well into the host adipose tissue with an adequate rate of angiogenesis by constantly releasing Rg1 to enhance the ADSC or adipocyte survival rate to join tissue growth and repair with adipogenesis for breast reconstruction after lumpectomy. | I-Hsuan Yang Yo-Shen Chen Jia-Jing Li Ya-Jyun Liang Tzu-Chieh Lin Subhaini Jakfar Minal Thacker Shinn-Chih Wu Feng-Huei Lin | 2021 | Bioactive Materials2021，6，6： | 3 |
| 9 | Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Elective Rectal/Pelvic Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS ? ) Society Recommendations显示文摘 | J. Nygren J. Thacker F. Carli K. C. H. Fearon S. Norderval D. N. Lobo O. Ljungqvist M. Soop J. Ramirez | 2013 | World Journal of Surgery2013，，2： | 3 |
| 10 | Modulation of the fecal bile acid profile by gut microbiota in cirrhosis显示文摘 | Genta Kakiyama William M. Pandak Patrick M. Gillevet Phillip B. Hylemon Douglas M. Heuman Kalyani Daita Hajime Takei Akina Muto Hiroshi Nittono Jason M. Ridlon Melanie B. White Nicole A. Noble Pamela Monteith Michael Fuchs Leroy R. Thacker Masoumeh Sikaro | 2013 | Journal of Hepatology2013，，5： | 3 |
| 11 | Experiences During Development of a Dynamic Crash Response Automobile Model显示文摘 | J G Thacker | 1998 | Finite Elements in Analysis and Design1998，30，： | 2 |
| 12 | 人类滤泡树突状细胞的分离显示文摘目的 :为探讨人类滤泡树突细胞 (FDC)在HIV致病机制中的作用 ,摸索分离出提取人FDC的最佳方法。方法 :用胶原酶Ⅳ和DNA酶消化人扁桃体 ,Percoll连续梯度分层液分离含有FDC的细胞层 ,经MACS分选 ,得到富含FDC的细胞 ,用γ 射线将混有的B细胞、T细胞照射致死。结果 :流氏细胞仪分析FDC纯度约为 70 7% ,3H掺入法实验证明分离提取的细胞具有FDC细胞的活性 ,IL 6和IL 2的测定结果显示分离提取的细胞具有FDC的特征。结论 :此方法为一种行之有效的FDC分离提取方法 。 | 姜拥军 范霞 康辉 Tylor Thacker | 2001 | 中国免疫学杂志2001，17，3： | 2 |
| 13 | 分娩期连续电子胎心监护用于胎儿评估显示文摘 | ThackerS B Stroup D Chang M 朱洁萍 | 2006 | 生殖与避孕2006，26，2： | 2 |
| 14 | 养猪生产中应用的抗生素生长促进剂替代方案(综述)显示文摘在过去的20年中,为了维护猪的健康和生产性能,大量的研究都在关注抗生素替代方案(alternatives)的开发。研究最广泛的替代方案包括益生素、益生菌、酸化剂、植物提取物和疾病预防性添加剂(neutraceuticals),如铜和锌。由于这些添加剂已经在上一个综述中作了充分的论述,因此本文将关注非常规的抗生素替代方案。本文将讨论抗菌肽、粘土矿物、卵黄抗体、精油、桉树油-中链脂肪酸、稀土元素和基因重组酶替代抗生素的潜力。通过文献的全面回顾发现,已经检验了许多化合物作为猪日粮中抗生素替代方案的可能性。遗憾的是,这些化合物中的绝大多数的试验结果并不一致,而且使用效果很少能达到抗生素的水平。因此,该领域似乎还需要进一步的研究,抗生素的完美替代方案还待发现。 | 孙相俞 万建美 潘雪男 Philip A. Thacker | 2014 | 国外畜牧学(猪与禽)2014，0，5： | 2 |
| 15 | The mammalian XRCC genes, their roles in DNA repair and genetic stability 显示文摘 | Thacker J Zdzienicka M Z | 2003 | DNA Repair2003，2，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Evaluation of local and system in immune responses induced by intramuscular injection of a MycopLasma hyopneumoniae bacterin to pigs显示文摘 | THACKER E L THACKER B J KUHN M | 2000 | Am J Vet Res2000，61，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Polio eradication strategies in indian recommendations under lAP Action Plan 2006 显示文摘 | Shah NK John TJ Thacker N | 2006 | Indian Pediatr2006，43，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Detection of macrolide resistance in Mycoplasma pneumoniae by real - time PCR and high - resolution melt analysis 显示文摘 | Wolff B J Thacker W L Schwartz S B | 2008 | Antimicrob AgentsChemother2008，52，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Interleukin-10, in-terleukin-12 and interferon-gamma levels in the respiratory tractfollowing Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and PRRSV infection in pigs显示文摘 | THANAWONGNUWECH R THACKER E L | 2003 | Viral Immunology2003，16，3： | 1 |
| 20 | Revolutionary advances in the management of traumatic wounds in the emergency department during the last 40 years:part Ⅱ显示文摘 | Edlich RF Rodeheaver GT Thacker JG | | 0，，： | 1 |
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