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| 1 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 2 | Radiographic assessment of leg alignment and grading of knee osteoarthritis:A critical review显示文摘Knee osteoarthritis(OA) is a progressive joint disease hallmarked by cartilage and bone breakdown and associated with changes to all of the tissues in the joint,ultimately causing pain,stiffness,deformity and disability in many people.Radiographs are commonly used for the clinical assessment of knee OA incidence and progression,and to assess for risk factors.One risk factor for the incidence and progression of knee OA is malalignment of the lower extremities(LE).The hipknee-ankle(HKA) angle,assessed from a full-length LE radiograph,is ideally used to assess LE alignment.Careful attention to LE positioning is necessary to obtain the most accurate measurement of the HKA angle.Since full-length LE radiographs are not always available,the femoral shaft-tibial shaft(FS-TS) angle may be calculated from a knee radiograph instead.However,the FS-TS angle is more variable than the HKA angle and it should be used with caution.Knee radiographs are used to assess the severity of knee OA and its progression.There are three types of ordinal grading scales for knee OA:global,composite and individual feature scales.Each grade on a global scale describes one or more features of knee OA.The entire description must be met for a specific grade to be assigned.The KellgrenLawrence scale is the most commonly-used global scale.Composite scales grade several features of knee OA individually and sum the grades to create a total score.One example is the compartmental grading scale for knee OA.Composite scales can respond to change in a variety of presentations of knee OA.Individual feature scales assess one or more OA features individually and do not calculate a total score.They are most often used to monitor change in one OA feature,commonly joint space narrowing.The most commonly-used individual feature scale is the OA Research Society International atlas.Each type of scale has its advantages;however,composite scales may offer greater content validity.Responsiveness to change is unknown for most scales and deserves further evaluation. | Lisa Sheehy T Derek V Cooke | 2015 | World Journal of Rheumatology2015，5，2： | 2 |
| 3 | PGE1 suppresses macrophage infiltration and ameliorates injury in an experimental model of macrophages in anti-glomerulonephritis显示文摘 | Cattell V Suith J Cook H T | 1990 | Clin Exp Immunol1990，79，： | 2 |
| 4 | Evaluation of a practice guideline for noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for acute respiratory failure显示文摘 | Sinuff T Cook Dj Randall J | 2003 | Chest2003，123，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Adenoviral gene transfer of the human inducible nitric oxide synthase gene enhances the radiation response of human colorectal cancer associated with alterations in tumor vascularity 显示文摘 | Wang Z Cook T Alber S | 2004 | Cancer Res2004，64，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Diurnal variations in hydraulic conductivity and root pressure can be correlated with the expression of putative aquaporlns in the roots of Lotus japonicus显示文摘 | HENZLER T WATERHOUSE R N SMYTH A J CARVAJAL M COOKE D T SCHAFFNER A R STEUDLE E CLARKSOND T | 1999 | Planta1999，210，： | 1 |
| 7 | Infection and autoimmunity:are we winning the war,only to lose the peace?显示文摘 | Cooke A Zaccone P Raine T | 2004 | Trends Parasitol2004，20，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Nature of the spermatogenic arrest in Dazl -/-mice显示文摘 | SCHRANS - STASSEN B H SAUNDERS P T COOKE H J | 2001 | Biol Re- prod2001，65，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Spectral beam combining of Yb-doped fiber lasers in an external cavity 显示文摘 | Cook C C Fan T Y Fejermm | 1999 | OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics1999，26，： | 1 |
| 10 | Archive,records,and power:the making of modern memory显示文摘 | Schwartz J M Cook T | 2002 | Archival Science2002，2，12： | 1 |
| 11 | From rural single- county to muhicounty regional transit systems: Benefits of consolidation显示文摘 | Cook T J J J Lawrie A J Henry | 2003 | Transportation Research Record2003，，1841： | 1 |
| 12 | The Information Content of Discount Rate Announcements and Their Effect on Market Interest Rates显示文摘 | Cook T Hahn T | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 13 | Cyber bullying behaviors a-mong middle and high school students显示文摘 | MISHNA F COOK C GADALLA T | 2010 | Am J Orthopsychiatry2010，80，3： | 1 |
| 14 | A methodology for the as- sessment of unconventional(continuous) resources with an ap- plication to the Greater Natural Buttes Gas Field, Utah显示文摘 | Olea R A Cook T A Coleman J L | 2010 | Natural Resources Research2010，19，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Tetanus显示文摘 | Farrar J J Yen L M Cook T | 2000 | J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry2000，69，： | 1 |
| 16 | Transient liquid phase diffusion bonding A1-6061 using nano-dispersed Ni coatings 显示文摘 | COOKE K O KHAN T I OLIVER G D | 2011 | Materials and Design2011，33，： | 1 |
| 17 | The gamblers fallacy in lottery play 显示文摘 | CLOTFELTER C T COOK P J | 1993 | Manag Sci1993，39，12： | 1 |
| 18 | A contrast-enhanced ultrasound study of benign and malignant breast tissue 显示文摘 | Barnard S Leen E Cooke T | 2008 | S Mr Med J2008，98，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Biomechanical study of pedicle screw fixation in severely osteoporotic bone 显示文摘 | Cook SD Salkeld SL Stanley T | 2004 | Spine2004，4，： | 1 |
| 20 | A Three Dimensional System for Diagnostic Imaging Applications显示文摘 | | 1983 | IEEE Computer Graphics Application1983，3，20： | 1 |
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