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| 1 | Risk for emerging bipolar disorder, variants, and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, now grown up显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of bipolar disorder(BD) and sub-threshold symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) through 14 years' follow-up, when participants were between 21-24 years old.METHODS: First, we examined rates of BD type Ⅰ?and Ⅱ diagnoses in youth participating in the NIMH-funded Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD(MTA). We used the diagnostic interview schedule for children(DISC), administered to both parents(DISC-P) and youth(DISCY). We compared the MTA study subjects with ADHD(n = 579) to a local normative comparison group(LNCG, n = 289) at 4 different assessment points: 6, 8, 12, and 14 years of follow-ups. To evaluate the bipolar variants, we compared total symptom counts(TSC) of DSM manic and hypomanic symptoms that were generated by DISC in ADHD and LNCG subjects. Then we sub-divided the TSC into pathognomonic manic(PM) and non-specific manic(NSM) symptoms. We compared the PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG at each assessment point and over time. We also evaluated the irritability as category A2 manic symptom in both groups and over time. Finally, we studied the irritability symptom in correlation with PM and NSM in ADHD and LNCG subjects.RESULTS: DISC-generated BD diagnosis did not differ significantly in rates between ADHD(1.89%) and LNCG 1.38%). Interestingly, no participant met BD diagnosis more than once in the 4 assessment points in 14 years. However, on the symptom level, ADHD subjects reported significantly higher mean TSC scores: ADHD 3.0; LNCG 1.7; P < 0.001. ADHD status was associated with higher mean NSM: ADHD 2.0 vs LNCG 1.1; P < 0.0001. Also, ADHD subjects had higher PM symptoms than LNCG, with PM means over all time points of 1.3 ADHD; 0.9 LNCG; P = 0.0001. Examining both NSM and PM, ADHD status associated with greater NSM than PM. However, Over 14 years, the NSM symptoms declined and changed to PM over time(df 3, 2523; F = 20.1; P < 0.0001). Finally, Irritability(BD DSM criterion-A2) rates were significantly higher in ADHD than LNCG(χ2 = 122.2, P < 0.0001), but irritability was associated more strongly with NSM than PM(df 3, 2538; F = 43.2; P < 0.0001).CONCLUSION: Individuals with ADHD do not appear to be at significantly greater risk for developing BD, but do show higher rates of BD symptoms, especially NSM. The greater linkage of irritability to NSM than to PM suggests caution when making BD diagnoses based on irritability alone as one of 2(A-level) symptoms for BD diagnosis, particularly in view of its frequent presentation with other psychopathologies. | Ahmed Z Elmaadawi Peter S Jensen L Eugene Arnold Brooke SG Molina Lily Hechtman Howard B Abikoff Stephen P Hinshaw Jeffrey H Newcorn Laurence Lee Greenhill James M Swanson Cathryn A Galanter | 2015 | World Journal of Psychiatry2015，5，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Clinical and dermoscopic features of surgically treated melanocytic nevi: a retrospective study of 1046 cases显示文摘Background: Compared with Caucasians, unique demographic and clinical features have been reported in Chinese patients with malignant melanoma, but similar comparative studies of melanocytic nevi (MN) are lacking. This study examined the clinical and dermoscopic features of MN in surgically treated Chinese cases. Methods: Clinical data and dermoscopic findings from 1046 cases of MN were collected and analyzed. Cases were treated from January 1 to December 31, 2014 at the Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Peking University First Hospital. The association between nevi location and histologic subtypes was examined with Chi-squared test and univariate logistic regression. Chi-squared test was also used to analyze the proportion of globular patterns across different body sites, and proportion of parallel furrow patterns across different histologic subtypes. Results: The majority of the nevi were from female patients, irrespective of location. The range of age at the time of nevi onset was from 0 (birth) to 79 years. There were 381 (36.4%, 381/1046) congenital nevi;of these 81.6%(311/381) were present at birth. Nevi appeared before 30 years of age in 83.2%(870/1046) of the cases. Median values of length growth rate in congenital and acquired MN were 2.0 and 1.6, respectively. Median values of length growth rates in four age groups (0–9, 10–19, 20–29, and ≥30 years) of congenital nevi were 2.2, 2.0, 2.4, and 2.0, respectively. In acral nevi, which often need to be differentiated from acral lentiginous melanoma, 50.2%(109/217) were junctional (odds ratio [OR];95% confidence interval [CI]: 91.572 [52.210–160.959], P < 0.05). Acral location was also associated with a higher likelihood of compound nevi subtype (OR [95% CI]: 14.468 [8.981–23.306], P < 0.05). The globular (59.4%, 354/596) and pseudonetwork (48.8%, 291/596) dermoscopic patterns were often seen in the head and neck region. In areas other than head and neck and acral regions, the globular pattern was the commonest pattern (34.8%, 71/204) regardless of age. Parallel furrow pattern occurred in 46.0%(87/189) of acral MN, followed by fibrillar pattern (21.7%, 41/189). Conclusion: Unique clinical and dermoscopic features exist in Chinese patients with MN compared with observations reported in other population. | Qian-Xi Li David L Swanson Ping Tu Shu-Xia Yang Hang Li | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，17： | 2 |
| 3 | Human enamel thickness and ENAM polymorphism显示文摘The tooth enamel development gene, enamelin(ENAM), showed evidence of positive selection during a genome-wide scan of human and primate DNA for signs of adaptive evolution. The current study examined the hypothesis that a single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) C14625T(rs7671281) in the ENAM gene identified in the genome-wide scan is associated with a change in enamel phenotype. African Americans were selected as the target population, as they have been reported to have a target SNP frequency of approximately 50%, whereas non-Africans are predicted to have a 96% SNP frequency. Digital radiographs and DNA samples from 244 teeth in 133 subjects were analysed, and enamel thickness was assessed in relation to SNP status,controlling for age, sex, tooth number and crown length. Crown length was found to increase with molar number, and females were found to have thicker enamel. Teeth with larger crowns also had thicker enamel, and older subjects had thinner enamel.Linear regression and generalized estimating equations were used to investigate the relationship between enamel thickness of the mandibular molars and ENAM SNP status; enamel in subjects with the derived allele was significantly thinner(P = 0.040)when the results were controlled for sex, age, tooth number and crown length. The derived allele demonstrated a recessive effect on the phenotype. The data indicate that thinner dental enamel is associated with the derived ENAM genotype. This is the first direct evidence of a dental gene implicated in human adaptive evolution as having a phenotypic effect on an oral structure. | Diane M Daubert Joanna L Kelley Yuriy G Udod Carolina Habor Chris G Kleist Ilona K Furman Igor N Tikonov Willie J Swanson Frank A Roberts | 2016 | International Journal of Oral Science2016，8，2： | 2 |
| 4 | The clinical utility of flexible bronchoscopy in the evaluation of chronic cough显示文摘 | Barnes T W Afessa B Swanson K L | 2004 | Chest2004，126，1： | 2 |
| 5 | Differential meiospore size and tolerance of ultraviolet light stress within and among kelp species along a depth gradient 显示文摘 | Swanson A K Druehl L D | 2000 | Mar Biol2000，136，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Addressing a Theoretical Problem by Reorienting the Corporate Social Performance Model显示文摘 | SWANSON D L | 1995 | Academy of Management Review1995，20，1： | 1 |
| 7 | A constitution for- mulation for high elongation propellants显示文摘 | Swanson S R Christenson L W | 1983 | Journal of Spacecraft and Rocket1983，20，6： | 1 |
| 8 | The Seasat Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer(SMMR):Radio-metric Calibration Algorithm Development and Perfo-rmance显示文摘 | SWANSON P RILEY A L | 1980 | IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering1980，5，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Peanut skins-fortified peanut butters:effect of processing on the phenolic content,fiber content and antioxidant activity显示文摘 | MA Y KERR W L SWANSON R B | 2014 | Food Chemistry2014，145，： | 1 |
| 10 | Subcritical crack propagation in Westerly granite: an investigation into the double torsion method显示文摘 | SWANSON P L | 1981 | Int J Rock Mech Min Sci & Geomech Abstr1981，18，2： | 1 |
| 11 | A constitutive formulation for high elongation propellant显示文摘 | Swanson S R Christensen L W | 1983 | Spacecraft1983，20，： | 1 |
| 12 | In vivo inhibition of CD44 limits intra-abdominal spread of a human ovarian cancer xenograft in nude mice: a novel role for CD44 in the process of peritoneal implantation 显示文摘 | Strobel T Swanson L Cannistra SA | 1997 | Cancer Res1997，57，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Dietary and nutritional factors and pancreatic cancer: a case control study based on direct inter- views显示文摘 | Silverman D T Swanson C A Gridley G Wacholder S Green- berg R S Brown L M | 1998 | J Natl Cancer Inst1998，90，： | 1 |
| 14 | Evaporating extended meniscus in a V-shaped channel显示文摘 | SWANSON L W | 1994 | J of Thermophys and Heat Transfer1994，8，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Storm track dynamic显示文摘 | Chang E K Lee M S Swanson K L | 2002 | J Climate2002，15，16： | 1 |
| 16 | Productivity in US Railroads: 1951 - 1974显示文摘 | Caves D W L R Christensen and J A Swanson | 1980 | Bell Journal of Economics1980，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Comparison of the biaxial strength properties of braided and laminated carbon fiber composites 显示文摘 | Swanson S R Smith L V | 1996 | Composites Part B Engineering1996，27，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Switching the conformational behaviour of poly( N-isopropyl acrylamide) 显示文摘 | Rimmer S Soutar I Swanson L | 2009 | Polymer International2009，58，3： | 1 |
| 19 | 显示文摘 | Swanson L W Mcneely D R | 1979 | Surface Science1979，83，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Expression of a beta-defensin mRNA,lingual antimicrobial peptide,in bovine mammary epithelial tissue is induced by mastitis显示文摘 | Swanson K Gorodetsky S Good L | 2004 | Infect Immun2004，72，12： | 1 |
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