| 1 | 共用阿片类和苯二氮类药物与药物过量之间的关系:一项回顾性分析显示文摘目标确定同时使用苯二氮类药物和阿片类药物的趋势,确定这些趋势对阿片类药物过量导致的住院和急诊就诊的影响,提出修改建议。参与者:在研究期间,18~64岁的私人投保人连续参加医疗和药房福利健康计划的病人,并且至少接受过一张阿片类药物的处方。干预:同时使用苯二氮类药物/阿片类药物,定义为每种药物处方所涵盖的时间段内至少有一天重叠。主要观察结局指标:使用苯二氮类药物的阿片类药物使用者的年度百分比;每年发生的急诊就诊和阿片类药物过量住院事件。结果:阿片类药物使用者中在2001年使用苯二氮卓类药物的有9%,2013年增加到17%(相对增加80%)。这种增加主要是间断性阿片类药物使用者的增加,而非长期的阿片类药物使用者。与未使用苯二氮卓类药物的阿片类药物使用者相比,同时使用这两种药物与急诊室留观或阿片类药物过量住院相关的风险增加(校正比值比2.14,95%置信区间2.05-2.24;P<0.001)。间断性阿片类药物使用者的急诊室或住院病人阿片类药物过量的校正比值比为1.42(1.33-1.51;P<0.001),长期阿片类药物使用者为1.81(1.67-1.96;P<0.001)。如果这种关联是因果关系,那么消除同时使用两种药物的情况可以减少阿片类药物使用和阿片类药物过量住院病人因急诊就诊的风险,估计有15%(95%置信区间14-16)。结论:从2001年到2013年,在美国大量私人保险病人样本中,苯二氮类药物和阿片类药物的并用显着增加,并且导致总体人群阿片类药物过量使用的风险。 | Sun EC Dixit A Humphreys K 李楠琦 | 2018 | 中国疼痛医学杂志2018，24，6： | 5 |
| 16 | Fungal diversity notes 1277-1386:taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa显示文摘This is the twelfth contribution to the Fungal Diversity Notes series on fungal taxonomy,based on materials collected from many countries which were examined and described using the methods of morphology,anatomy,and strain culture,combined with DNA sequence analyses.110 taxa are described and illustrated,including five new genera,92 new species,eight new combinations and other taxonomic contributions(one new sequenced species,one new host and three new records)which are accommodated in 40 families and 1 incertae sedis in Dothideomycetes.The new genera are Amyloceraceomyces,Catenuliconidia,Hansenopezia,Ionopezia and Magnopulchromyces.The new species are Amyloceraceomyces angustisporus,Amylocorticium ellipsosporum,Arthrinium sorghi,Catenuliconidia uniseptata,Clavulina sphaeropedunculata,Colletotrichum parthenocissicola,Coniothyrium triseptatum,Cortinarius indorusseus,C.paurigarhwalensis,C.sinensis,C.subsanguineus,C.xiaojinensis,Diaporthe pimpinel-lae,Dictyosporella guizhouensis,Diplodia torilicola,Fuscoporia marquesiana,F.semiarida,Hansenopezia decora,Helicoarcta-tus thailandicus,Hirsutella hongheensis,Humidicutis brunneovinacea,Lentaria gossypina,L.variabilis,Lycoperdon lahorense,L.pseudocurtisii,Magnopulchromyces scorpiophorus,Moelleriella gracilispora,Neodevriesia manglicola,Neodidymelliopsis salvia,N.urticae,Neoroussoella magnoliae,Neottiella gigaspora,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Phaeotremella yunnanensis,Podosphaera yulii,Rigidoporus juniperinus,Rhodofomitopsis pseudofeei,Russula benghalensis,Scleroramularia vermispora,Scytinopogon minisporus,Sporormurispora paulsenii,Thaxteriellopsis obliqus,Tomentella asiae-orientalis,T.atrobadia,T.atrocastanea,T.aureomarginata,T.brevis,T.brunneoflava,T.brunneogrisea,T.capitatocystidiata,T.changbaiensis,T.citri-nocystidiata,T.coffeae,T.conclusa,T.cystidiata,T.dimidiata,T.duplexa,T.efibulata,T.efibulis,T.farinosa,T.flavidobadia,T.fuscocrustosa,T.fuscofarinosa,T.fuscogranulosa,T.fuscopelliculosa,T.globospora,T.gloeocystidiata,T.griseocastanea,T.griseofusca,T.griseomarginata,T.inconspicua,T.incrustata,T.interrupta,T.liaoningensis,T.longiaculeifera,T.longiechinuli,T.megaspora,T.olivacea,T.olivaceobrunnea,T.pallidobrunnea,T.pallidomarginata,T.parvispora,T.pertenuis,T.qingyuanensis,T.segregata,T.separata,T.stipitata,T.storea,Trichoderma ceratophylletum,Tyromyces minutulus,Umbelopsis heterosporus and Xylolentia reniformis.The new combinations are Antrodiella descendena,Chloridium macrocladum,Hansenopezia retrocurvata,Rhodofomitopsis monomitica,Rh.oleracea,Fuscoporia licnoides,F.scruposa and Ionopezia gerardii.A new sequenced species(Graphis supracola),one new host(Aplosporella prunicola)and three new geographical records(Golovinomyces monardae,Paradictyoarthrinium diffractum and Prosthemium betulinum),are reported. | Hai-Sheng Yuan Xu Lu Yu-Cheng Dai Kevin D.Hyde Yu-He Kan Ivana Kušan Shuang-Hui He Ning-Guo Liu V.Venkateswara Sarma Chang-Lin Zhao Bao-Kai Cui Nousheen Yousaf Guangyu Sun Shu-Yan Liu Fang Wu Chuan-Gen Lin Monika C.Dayarathne Tatiana Baptista Gibertoni Lucas B.Conceição Roberto Garibay-Orijel Margarita Villegas-Ríos Rodolfo Salas-Lizana Tie-Zheng Wei Jun-Zhi Qiu Ze-Fen Yu Rungtiwa Phookamsak Ming Zeng Soumitra Paloi Dan-Feng Bao Pranami DAbeywickrama De-Ping Wei Jing Yang Ishara S.Manawasinghe Dulanjalee Harishchandra Rashika S.Brahmanage Nimali Ide Silva Danushka S.Tennakoon Anuruddha Karunarathna Yusufjon Gafforov Dhandevi Pem Sheng-Nan Zhang AndréL.C.Mde Azevedo Santiago Jadson Diogo Pereira Bezerra Bálint Dima Krishnendu Acharya Julieta Alvarez-Manjarrez Ali H.Bahkali Vinod K.Bhatt Tor Erik Brandrud Timur S.Bulgakov E.Camporesi Ting Cao Yu-Xi Chen Yuan-Yuan Chen Bandarupalli Devadatha Abdallah M.Elgorban Long-Fei Fan Xing Du Liu Gao Camila Melo Gonçalves Luis F.P.Gusmão Naruemon Huanraluek Margita Jadan Ruvishika S.Jayawardena Abdul Nasir Khalid Ewald Langer Diogo X.Lima Nelson Correia de Lima-Júnior Carla Rejane Sousa de Lira Jian-Kui(Jack)Liu Shun Liu Saisamorn Lumyong Zong-Long Luo Neven Matočec M.Niranjan JoséRibamar Costa Oliveira-Filho Viktor Papp Eduardo Pérez-Pazos Alan J.L.Phillips Peng-Lei Qiu Yihua Ren Rafael F.Castañeda Ruiz Kamal C.Semwal Karl Soop Carlos A.Fde Souza Cristina Maria Souza-Motta Li-Hua Sun Meng-Le Xie Yi-Jian Yao Qi Zhao Li-Wei Zhou | 2020 | Fungal Diversity2020，，5： | 0 |
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