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| 1 | Long-term effects of gravel―sand mulch on soil organic carbon and nitrogen in the Loess Plateau of northwestern China显示文摘Gravel–sand mulch has been used for centuries to conserve water in the Loess Plateau of northwestern China. In this study, we assessed the influence of long-term(1996–2012) gravel–sand mulching of cultivated soils on total organic carbon(TOC), light fraction organic carbon(LFOC), microbial biomass carbon(MBC), total organic nitrogen(TON), particulate organic carbon(POC), mineral-associated organic carbon(MOC), permanganate-oxidizable carbon(KMn O4-C), and non-KMn O4-C at 0–60 cm depths. Mulching durations were 7, 11 and 16 years, with a non-mulched control. Compared to the control, there was no significant and consistently positive effect of the mulch on TOC, POC, MOC, KMn O4-C and non-KMn O4-C before 11 years of mulching, and these organic C fractions generally decreased significantly by 16 years. LFOC, TON and MBC to at a 0–20 cm depth increased with increasing mulching duration until 11 years, and then these fractions decreased significantly between 11 and 16 years, reaching values comparable to or lower than those in the control. KMn O4-C was most strongly correlated with the labile soil C fractions. Our findings suggest that although gravel–sand mulch may conserve soil moisture, it may also lead to long-term decreases in labile soil organic C fractions and total organic N in the study area. The addition of manure or composted manure would be a good choice to reverse the soil deterioration that occurs after 11 years by increasing the inputs of organic matter. | Yang QIU ZhongKui XIE YaJun WANG Sukhdev S MALHI JiLong REN | 2015 | Journal of Arid Land2015，7，1： | 7 |
| 2 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in Northwestern China显示文摘 | Yang S M Li F M Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Role of mineral nutrition in minimizing cadmium accumulation by plants显示文摘 | Nadeem S Saifullah Sukhdev S M | 2010 | Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture2010，90，： | 1 |
| 4 | Wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) gene expression and ABA accumulation in the developing embryos of wheat (Triticum aestivum) in response to drought显示文摘 | SINGH P PRIYA B SUKHDEV S B | 2000 | Plant Growth Regulation2000，30，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Effects of grav-el-sand mulch,plastic mulch and ridge and furrow rainfall harvestingsystem combinations on water use efficiency,soil temperature and wa-termelon yield in a semi-arid Loess Plateau of northwestern China显示文摘 | Wang Yajun Xie Zhongkui Sukhdev S Malhi etc | 2011 | Agricultural Water Management2011，，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in northwestern China 显示文摘 | Yang S M Li F M Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 7 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in northwestern China 显示文摘 | SHENG M Y FENG M L SUKHDEV S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Long-term fertiliza- tion effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in Northwestern China显示文摘 | Yang S M Li F M Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 9 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumu- lation in soil in Northwestern China显示文摘 | Shengmao Yang Fengmin Li Sukhdev S M et a l | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 10 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in northwestern China 显示文摘 | Sheng M Y Feng M L Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 11 | A review of sulphur fertilizers management for optimum yield and quality of canola in the Canadian Great Plains 显示文摘 | Sukhdev S M Sehoenau J J Grant C A | 2005 | Can J Plant Sci2005，85，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in northwestern China 显示文摘 | Yang S M Li F M Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 13 | Evaporative cooling in California显示文摘 | Sukhdev S Mathaudhu P E | 2000 | ASHRAE Journal2000，21，： | 1 |
| 14 | Long-termfertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulationin soil in northwestern China显示文摘 | Shengmao Yang Fengmin Li Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of rainfall harvesting and mulching technologies on water use efficiency and crop yield in the semi-arid Loess Plateau,China显示文摘 | Wang Y J Xie Z K Sukhdev S Malhi | 2009 | Agricultural Water Management2009，96，： | 1 |
| 16 | Antiinflammatory activity and composition of extracts of verbena offcinalis显示文摘 | Deepak M Sukhdev S | 2000 | Phytotherapy Res2000，14，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Effects of rainfall harvesting and mulching technologies on water use efficiency and crop yield in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, China显示文摘 | Wang Yajun Xie Zhongkui Malhi Sukhdev S | 2009 | Agricultural Water Management2009，96，3： | 1 |
| 18 | NADPH oxidase promotes NF - κB activation and proliferation in human airway smonth muscle显示文摘 | Sukhdev S Brar Thomas P Kennedy Anne B Sturrock | 2002 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2002，282，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Long-term fertilization effects on crop yield and nitrate nitrogen accumulation in soil in northwestern China显示文摘 | ~ang S M Li F M Sukhdev S M | 2004 | Agronomy Journal2004，96，： | 1 |
| 20 | Antiinflammatory activity and composition of extracts of verbena ofcinalis显示文摘 | Deepak M Sukhdev S | | 0，，06： | 1 |
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