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| 1 | Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on hypersensitivity in acute recurrent caerulein-induced pancreatitis and microglial activation along the brain’s pain circuitry显示文摘BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)and recurring AP are serious health care problems causing excruciating pain and potentially lethal outcomes due to sepsis.The validated caerulein-(CAE)induced mouse model of acute/recurring AP produces secondary persistent hypersensitivity and anxiety-like behavioral changes for study.AIM To determine efficacy of acetyl-L-carnitine(ALC)to reduce pain-related behaviors and brain microglial activation along the pain circuitry in CAE-pancreatitis.METHODS Pancreatitis was induced with 6 hly intraperitoneal(i.p.)injections of CAE(50μg/kg),3 d a week for 6 wk in male C57BL/6J mice.Starting in week 4,mice received either vehicle or ALC until experiment’s end.Mechanical hypersensitivity was assessed with von Frey filaments.Heat hypersensitivity was determined with the hotplate test.Anxiety-like behavior was tested in week 6 using elevated plus maze and open field tests.Microglial activation in brain was quantified histologically by immunostaining for ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba1).RESULTS Mice with CAE-induced pancreatitis had significantly reduced mechanical withdrawal thresholds and heat response latencies,indicating ongoing pain.Treatment with ALC attenuated inflammation-induced hypersensitivity,but hypersensitivity due to abdominal wall injury caused by repeated intraperitoneal injections persisted.Animals with pancreatitis displayed spontaneous anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze compared to controls.Treatment with ALC resulted in increased numbers of rearing activity events,but time spent in“safety”was not changed.After all the abdominal injections,pancreata were translucent if excised at experiment’s end and opaque if excised on the subsequent day,indicative of spontaneous healing.Post mortem histopathological analysis performed on pancreas sections stained with Sirius Red and Fast Green identified wide-spread fibrosis and acinar cell atrophy in sections from mice with CAE-induced pancreatitis that was not rescued by treatment with ALC.Microglial Iba1 immunostaining was significantly increased in hippocampus,thalamus(intralaminar nuclei),hypothalamus,and amygdala of mice with CAE-induced pancreatitis compared to naïve controls but unchanged in the primary somatosensory cortex compared to naïves.CONCLUSION CAE-induced pancreatitis caused increased pain-related behaviors,pancreatic fibrosis,and brain microglial changes.ALC alleviated CAE-induced mechanical and heat hypersensitivity but not abdominal wall injury-induced hypersensitivity caused by the repeated injections. | Sabrina L McIlwrath Marlene E Starr Abigail E High Hiroshi Saito Karin N Westlund | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，9： | 2 |
| 2 | Childhood mental ability and blood pressure at midlife: linking the Scottish mental survey 1932 and the midspan studies显示文摘 | Starr J M Taylor M D Hart C L | 2004 | J Hypertens2004，22，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Short-term changes in soil carbon and nitrogen pools during till- age management transition显示文摘 | McCarty G W Lysenko N Starr J L | 1998 | Soil Science Society of America Journal1998，62，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Gas transport model for chemical vapor infiltration显示文摘 | STARR T L | 1995 | J Mater Res1995，10，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Gas transport model for chemical vapor infiltration 显示文摘 | STARR T L | 1995 | Journal of Materials Research1995，10，9： | 1 |
| 6 | Exit condition for miscible displacement experi- ments显示文摘 | PARLANGE J Y STARR J L VAN GENUCHTEN M T | 1992 | Soil Science1992，153，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Mechanism of resistance to Meloidogyme arenaria in the peanut cultivar COAN显示文摘 | BENDEZU I F STARR J L | 2003 | Journal of Nematology2003，35，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 regulates the immune response to infection by a unique inhibition of type I interferon activity显示文摘 | Fenner J E Starr R Cornish A L | 2006 | Nature Immunology2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Real-Time Soil Water Dynamics Using Multisensor Capacitance Probes: Laboratory Calibration显示文摘 | PALTINEANU STARR J L | 1997 | Soil Science Society of America Journal1997，61，： | 1 |
| 10 | Safety and tolerability of intraputaminal delivery of CERE-120 (adeno-associated virus serotype 2–neurturin) to patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease: an open-label, phase I trial显示文摘 | William J Marks Jill L Ostrem Leonard Verhagen Philip A Starr Paul S Larson Roy AE Bakay Robin Taylor Deborah A Cahn-Weiner A Jon Stoessl C Warren Olanow Raymond T Bartus | 2008 | Lancet Neurology2008，，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Statistical methods for assessing interchangeability of biosimilars显示文摘 | Chow S C Yang L Y Starr A | 2013 | Statistics in medicine2013，32，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Dispersion characteristics of a rotating hollow fiber membrane bioreactor:effects of module packing density and rotational frequency 显示文摘 | Tony J Rector Jay L Garland Stanley O Starr | 2006 | Journal of Membrane Science2006，278，12： | 1 |
| 13 | Strength and toughness of slip-cast fused-silica composites显示文摘 | Lyons J S Starr T L | 1994 | J Am Ceram Soc1994，77，： | 1 |
| 14 | Mechanism of resistance to Meloidogyne arenaria in the peanut cultivar COliN 显示文摘 | Bendezu I F Starr J L | 2003 | Journal of Nematology2003，35，1： | 1 |
| 15 | Perventricular device closure of muscular ventricular septal defects on the beating heart: technique and results显示文摘 | BACHA E A CAO Q L STARR J P | 2003 | J Thorae Cardiovasc Surg2003，126，6： | 1 |
| 16 | The Fashion-Con- scious Behaviours of Mature Female Consumers显示文摘 | J NAM R HAMLIN H GAM J KANG J KIM P KUMPHAI C STARR L RICHARDS | 2007 | Inter- national Journal of Consumer Studies2007，31，： | 1 |
| 17 | A Comparison of the damage functions,root galling,and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita on resistant and susceptible cotton cultivars显示文摘 | Zhou E Starr J L | 2003 | The Journal of Cotton Science2003，，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Real-time soil water dynamics using multi-sensor capacitance probes: Laboratory calibration 显示文摘 | Paltieanu I C Starr J L | 1997 | Soil Sci Soe Am J1997，61，： | 1 |
| 19 | Mycelialcompatibility groups in Texas peanut field pupulations ofSclerotium rolfsii 显示文摘 | Nalim F A Starr J L Woodard K E | 1995 | Phytopathology1995，85，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Complete amino acid sequence of a novel integrin beta subunit (beta 6) identified in epithelial cells using the polymerase chain reaction 显示文摘 | Sheppard D Rozzo C Starr L | 1990 | J Biol Chem1990，265，11： | 1 |
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