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| 1 | Contribution of oxidative stress to pulmonary arterial hypertension显示文摘Recent data implicate oxidative stress as a mediator of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and of the associated pathological changes to the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricle (RV). Increases in reactive oxygen species (ROS), altered redox state, and elevated oxidant stress have been demonstrated in the lungs and RV of several animal models of PH, including chronic hypoxia, monocrotaline toxicity, caveolin-1 knock-out mouse, and the transgenic Ren2 rat which overexpresses the mouse renin gene. Generation of ROS in these models is derived mostly from the activities of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase. As disease progresses circulating monocytes and bone marrow-derived monocytic progenitor cells are attracted to and accumulate in the pulmonary vasculature. Once established, these inflammatory cells generate ROS and secrete mitogenic and fibrogenic cytokines that induce cell proliferation and fibrosis in the vascular wall resulting in progressive vascular remodeling. Deficiencies in antioxidant enzymes also contribute to pulmonary hypertensive states. Current therapies were developed to improve endothelial function, reduce pulmonary artery pressure, and slow the progression of vascular remodeling in the pulmonary vasculature by targeting deficiencies in either NO (PDE-type 5 inhibition) or PGI 2 (prostacyclin analogs), or excessive synthesis of ET-1 (ET receptor blockers) with the intent to improve patient clinical status and survival. New therapies may slow disease progression to some extent, but long term management has not been achieved and mortality is still high. Although little is known concerning the effects of current pulmonary arterial hypertension treatments on RV structure and function, interest in this area is increasing. Development of therapeutic strategies that simultaneously target pathology in the pulmonary vasculature and RV may be beneficial in reducing mortality associated with RV failure. | Vincent G DeMarco Adam T Whaley-Connell James R Sowers Javad Habibi Kevin C Dellsperger | 2010 | World Journal of Cardiology2010，2，10： | 21 |
| 2 | Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy Ivor J. Benjamin Gregory L. Burke Alan Chait Robert H. Eckel Barbara V. Howard William Mitch Sidney C. Smith James R. Sowers | 1999 | Circulation1999，，10： | 3 |
| 3 | Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease: An Update显示文摘 | James R. Sowers Murray Epstein Edward D. Frohlich | 2001 | Hypertension: Journal of the American Heart Association2001，，4： | 2 |
| 4 | Over-nutrition and metabolic cardiomyopathy显示文摘 | Chirag H. Mandavia Lakshmi Pulakat Vincent DeMarco James R. Sowers | 2012 | Metabolism2012，，9： | 2 |
| 5 | Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association显示文摘 | Scott M. Grundy Ivor J. Benjamin Gregory L. Burke Alan Chait Robert H. Eckel Barbara V. Howard William Mitch Sidney C. Smith James R. Sowers | 1999 | Circulation1999，，10： | 2 |
| 6 | Mefformin: an update显示文摘 | Kirpichnikov D McFarlane SI Sowers JR | 2002 | Ann Intern Med2002，137，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Statistical method for selecting Landsat MSS ratios显示文摘 | CHAVEZ PS BERLIN GL SOWER LB | 1982 | Journal of Applied Photographic Engineering1982，8，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of antibypertensive agents on the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus 显示文摘 | Stump CS Hamilton MT Sowers JR | 2006 | Mayo Clin Proc2006，81，： | 1 |
| 9 | The role of overweight and obesity in the cardiorenal syndrome 显示文摘 | Sowers JR Whaley-Connell A Hayden MR | 2011 | Cardiorenal Med2011，1，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Enhanced reduc-tivedechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyl impactedsediment by bioaugmentation with a dehalorespiring bac-terium 显示文摘 | Payne R B May H D Sowers K R | 2011 | Environmental science & technology2011，45，20： | 1 |
| 11 | Uric Acid - key ingredi- ent in the recipe for eardiorenal metabolic syndrome显示文摘 | Chaudhary K Malhotra K Sowers J | 2013 | Cm''diore- nal Med2013，3，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Change in estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone across the early menopausal transition:effects of ethnicity and age显示文摘 | Randolph J F Jr Sowers M Bondarenko I V | 2004 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2004，89，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Maternal glucose concentration influences fetal growth,gestation and pregnancy complications显示文摘 | Scholl TO Sowers MF Chen X | 2001 | Am J Epcdemiol2001，154，6： | 1 |
| 14 | The N2O record spanning the penultimate deglaclation from the Vostok ice core显示文摘 | Sowers T A | 2001 | Journal of Geophysical Research2001，10，23： | 1 |
| 15 | Antihypertensive therapy and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | BAKRIS GL | 2000 | N Engl J Med2000，342，： | 1 |
| 16 | Metformin:an up-date显示文摘 | Kirpichnikov D McFarlane SI Sowers JR | 2002 | Ann Intern Med2002，137，： | 1 |
| 17 | Diabetes and cardiovascular disease显示文摘 | Sowers JR Lester MA | 1999 | Diabetes Care1999，22，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Role of mitochondrialdysfunction in insulin resistance显示文摘 | Kim JA Wei Y Sowers JR | 2008 | Circ Res2008，102，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Ethnic diffelnces in cardiovascular risk tactor burden among middle-aged women:study of women's health across the nation ( SWAN ) 显示文摘 | Matthews KA Sowers MF Derby CA | 2005 | Am Heart J2005，149，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Isletopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus:implications of islet RAS, islet fibrosis, islet amy- loid, remodeling, and oxidative stress 显示文摘 | HAYDEN M R SOWERS J R | 2007 | Antioxid Redox Signal2007，9，7： | 1 |
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