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| 1 | 伦理学与SARS:多伦多的教训显示文摘SARS的流行说明传染病在世界范围内流行是件多么容易的事,为了更好地应对下一次流行病,我们不仅要解决医学方面的问题,也同样需要解决伦理学方面的问题。 | Peter A Singer Solomon R Benatar Mark Bernstein Abdallah S Daar Bernard M Dickens Susan K MacRae Ross E G Upshur Linda Wright Randi Zlotnik Shaul 肖月 | 2004 | 英国医学杂志中文版2004，7，4： | 3 |
| 2 | Combination drug regimens for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma显示文摘Renal cell carcinomas(RCC)make up about 90%of kidney cancers,of which 80%are of the clear cell subtype.About 20%of patients are already metastatic at the time of diagnosis.Initial treatment is often cytoreductive nephrectomy,but systemic therapy is required for advanced RCC.Single agent targeted therapies are moderately toxic and only somewhat effective,leading to development of immunotherapies and combination therapies.This review identifies limitations of monotherapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma,discusses recent advances in combination therapies,and highlights therapeutic options under development.The goal behind combining various modalities of systemic therapy is to potentiate a synergistic antitumor effect.However,combining targeted therapies may cause increased toxicity.The initial attempts to create therapeutic combinations based on inhibition of the vascular endothelial growth factor or mammalian target of rapamycin pathways were largely unsuccessful in achieving a profile of increased synergy without increased toxicity.To date,five combination therapies have been approved by the U.S.Food and Drug Administration,with the most recently approved therapies being a combination of checkpoint inhibition plus targeted therapy.Several other combination therapies are under development,including some in the phase 3 stage.The new wave of combination therapies for metastatic RCC has the potential to increase response rates and improve survival outcomes while maintaining tolerable side effect profiles. | Viraj V Khetani Daniella E Portal Mansi R Shah Tina Mayer Eric A Singer | 2020 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2020，11，8： | 2 |
| 3 | The mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway mediates estrogen neuroprotection after glutamate toxicity in primary corti- cal neurons 显示文摘 | SINGER C A FIGUEROA-MASOT X A BATCHELOR R H | 1999 | J Neurosci1999，19，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Minimum mean squared error equalization using a priori information显示文摘 | Tuchler M Singer A C and Koetter R | 2002 | IEEE Transactions on Siqnal Processing2002，50，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Recent developments in the spray forming of metals显示文摘 | SINGER A R E | 1985 | Inter J of Powder Metall and Powder Tech1985，21，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Intramedullary nailing for the treatment of dislocated pedi- atric radial neck fractures 显示文摘 | Eberl R Singer G Fruhmann J Saxena A Hoellwarth ME | 2010 | Eur J Pediatr Surg2010，20，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Chlorination of humicmaterials: byproduct formation and chemical interpretations 显示文摘 | Reckhow D A Singer P C Malcolm R L | 1990 | Environmental Science and Technology1990，24，： | 1 |
| 8 | A comparision of the weights of evidence method and probablistic neural networks显示文摘 | Singer D A Kouda R | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 9 | Estimating optimal tracking filter performance for manned maneuvering targets显示文摘 | Singer R A | 1970 | IEEE Trans on Aerospace Electronic System1970，6，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Computer Control of Multiple-Site Track Correlation 显示文摘 | Singer R A Kanyuck A J | 1971 | Automation1971，7，： | 1 |
| 11 | Scripta Mater显示文摘 | Volek A Pyczak F Singer R F | 2005 | 52:1412005，52，： | 1 |
| 12 | Cutaneous wound healing 显示文摘 | Singer A J Clark R A | 1999 | N Engl J Med1999，341，： | 1 |
| 13 | DBP formation kinetics in a simulated distribution system显示文摘 | BROWN R A SINGER P C | 2001 | Water Research2001，35，14： | 1 |
| 14 | 显示文摘 | Singer A R E | 1970 | Metals and Materials1970，4，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Chlorination of humic materials: Byproduct formation and chemical interpretations显示文摘 | Reckhow D A Singer P C Malcolm R L | 1990 | Environmental Science & Technology1990，24，11： | 1 |
| 16 | 显示文摘 | Singer A R E | 1991 | Materials Science and Engineering A1991，135，： | 1 |
| 17 | Processing deficits in primary visual cortex of amblyopic cats显示文摘 | Schmidt K E Singer W Galuske R A | 2004 | J Neurophysiol2004，91，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Estimating optimal tracking filter performance for manned maneuvering targets显示文摘 | SINGER R A | 1970 | IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems1970，6，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Partitioning of Re betweenγ, and γ' phase in nickel-base superalloys显示文摘 | Volek A Pyczak F Singer R F | 2005 | Scripta Materialia2005，，52： | 1 |
| 20 | Estimating optimal tracking filter performance for manned maneuvering targets显示文摘 | SINGER R A | 1970 | IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic System1970，6，4： | 1 |
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